United States Code

AMENDMENTS

1971-Subsec. (a) (1). Pub. L. 92-157 substituted reference to section "1857f-6c (c) (3)" for "1857f-6c (c) (4)" of this title.

Chapter 16.-NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION § 1862. Functions.

DENIAL OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO CAMPUS DISRUPTERS Section 7 of Pub. L. 92-86, Aug. 11, 1971, 85 Stat. 309, provided that:

"(a) If an institution of higher education determines, after affording notice and opportunity for hearing to an individual attending, or employed by, such institution, that such individual has been convicted by any court of record of any crime which was committed after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 11, 1971] and which involved the use of (or assistance to others in the use of) force, disruption, or the seizure of property under control of any institution of higher education to prevent officials or students in such institution from engaging in their duties or pursuing their studies, and that such crime was of a serious nature and contributed to a substantial disruption of the administration of the institution with respect to which such crime was committed, then the institution which such individual attends, or is employed by, shall deny for a period of two years any further payment to, or for the direct benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c). If an institution denies an individual assistance under the authority of the preceding sentence of this subsection, then any institution which such individual subsequently attends shall deny for the remainder of the two-year period any further payment to, or for the direct benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c).

"(b) If an institution of higher education determines, after affording notice and opportunity for hearing to an individual attending, or employed by, such institution, that such individual has willfully refused to obey a lawful regulation or order of such institution after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 11, 1971], and that such refusal was of a serious nature and contributed to a substantial disruption of the administration of such institution, then such institution shall deny, for a period of two years, any further payment to, or for the direct benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c).

"(c) The programs referred to in subsections (a) and (b) are as follows:

"(1) The programs authorized by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 [this chapter]; and

"(2) The programs authorized under title IX of the National Defense Education Act of 1958 [sections 1876 to 1879 of this title] relating to establishing the Science Information Service.

"(d) (1) Nothing in this Act, or any Act amended by this Act, shall be construed to prohibit any institution of higher education from refusing to award, continue, or extend any financial assistance under any such Act to any individual because of any misconduct which in its judgment bears adversely on his fitness for such assistance.

"(2) Nothing in this section shall be construed as limiting or prejudicing the rights and prerogatives of any institution of higher education to institute and carry out an independent, disciplinary proceeding pursuant to existing authority, practice, and law.

"(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the freedom of any student to verbal expression of individual views or opinions."

§ 1882. Information furnished to Congressional committees.

CODIFICATION

Section, Pub. L. 91-120, § 6, Nov. 18, 1969, 83 Stat. 203, required Director of National Science Foundation to provide House Committee on Science and Astronautics and Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare with information with respect to all activities of the Founda

68-110 0-72-30

tion, was part of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1970, and was not repeated in subsequent Appropriation Acts.

Sec. 1959.

1959a.

1959b.

1959c. 1959d.

1959e.

1959f.

1959g.

1959h.

Chapter 19.-WATER RESEARCH AND

DEVELOPMENT

Congressional findings and policy on conversion of saline water [New].

Duties of Secretary of Interior [New].

(a) Research and studies of development of processes and equipment for converting saline water.

(b) Publication of findings from research and studies for application to other than water treatment matters.

(c) Engineering and technical work for development of desalting processes and plant design concepts for scaled demonstrations.

(d) Methods for recovery and marketing of byproducts as offsets against treatment costs; reduction of impact on environment from discharge of brine into waters.

(e) Economic studies and surveys on water production costs; information concerning relation of desalting to other aspects of comprehensive water resource planning: coordination of studies and water resources planning. Additional duties of Secretary of Interior [New]. (a) Prototype plants; preliminary investiga

tions.

(b) Report to Congress; recommendations respecting construction of large-scale prototype desalting plant; criteria.

(d) State and other public agencies; assist

ance.

Powers of Secretary of Interior [New].

Saline water conversion program and other Federal programs [New].

(a) Coordination or joint conduct of activities with Department of Defense.

(b) Cooperation with Environmental Protection Agency.

(c) Cooperation with other Federal agencies. (d) Research information and developments: availability to public; patent rights; rules and revisions of rules: publication in Federal Register.

(e) Disposal of water and byproducts; disposition of moneys.

(f) Alteration of existing water ownership

and control law.

Rules and regulations [New].

Report to President and Congress [New].
Definitions [New].

Authorization of appropriations [New].

(a) Availability of moneys for various expenses; increases and decreases in expenditures and obligations.

SS 1951 to 1958. Repealed. Pub. L. 92-60, § 11, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 163.

Section 1951, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 1, 66 Stat. 328; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 628, stated Congressional policy on conversion of sea and saline waters and defined "saline water" and "United States", now covered by sections 1959 and 1959g (b) and (d) of this title.

Section 1952, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 2, 66 Stat. 328; June 29, 1955, ch. 227, § 1(1), 69 Stat. 198; Sept. 22, 1961,

Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 628; Aug. 11, 1965, Pub. L. 89-118, § 1(1), 79 Stat. 509; June 24, 1967, Pub. L. 90-30, § 1(b)(d), 81 Stat. 78, prescribed duties of Secretary of Interior relating to (a) research and studies for development of processes and methods for converting saline water; (b) research and technical development work for developing processes and plant designs; reports to Congress; and treatment of demonstration projects as test beds; (c) recommendations to Congress for prototype plant; (d) methods for recovery and marketing of byproducts; and (e) economic studies and surveys on water production costs, now covered by sections 1959a and 1959b (b) of this title.

Section 1953, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 3, 66 Stat. 329; June 29, 1955, ch. 227, § 1(2), 69 Stat. 198; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 628, provided for powers of Secretary of Interior, now covered by section 1959c of this title.

Section 1954, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 4, 66 Stat. 329; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 629, provided for coordination or joint conduct of activities with Department of Defense; cooperation with other Federal agencies; and availability to public of resulting information and developments, now covered by section 1959d of this title.

Section 1955, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 5, 66 Stat. 329; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 629, related to disposal of water and byproducts, disposition of moneys and alteration of existing law, now covered by section 1959d (e) and (f) of this title.

Section 1956, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 6, 66 Stat. 329; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 629, provided for reports to President and Congress, now covered by section 1959f of this title.

Section 1957, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 7, 66 Stat. 329; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 629, authorized issuance of rules and regulations, now covered by section 1959e of this title.

Section 1958, acts July 3, 1952, ch. 568, § 8, 66 Stat. 329; June 29, 1955, ch. 227, § 1(3), 69 Stat. 198; Sept. 22, 1961, Pub. L. 87-295, § 1, 75 Stat. 629; Aug. 11, 1965, Pub. L. 89118, § 1(2), 79 Stat. 509; June 24, 1967, Pub. L. 90-30, § 1(a), 81 Stat. 78; Apr. 29, 1968, Pub. L. 90-297, § 1, 82 Stat. 110, authorized appropriations, now covered by section 1959h of this title.

§ 1959. Congressional findings and policy on conversion of saline water.

The Congress in consideration of the Federal responsibility for water resource conservation by means of comprehensive planning, planning and construction of water resource development projects, administration of the navigable waterways, and maintenance of water quality standards finds that the technology for the conversion of saline and other chemically contaminated waters is vital to all these areas of responsibility. It is the policy of the Congress, therefore, to provide for the development and demonstration of practicable means to convert saline and other chemically contaminated water to a quality suitable for municipal, industrial, agricultural, and other beneficial uses. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 2, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 159.)

SHORT TITLE

Section 1 of Pub. L. 92-60 provided: "That this Act [which enacted sections 1959 to 1959h and repealed sections 1951 to 1958 of this title] may be cited as 'The Saline Water Conversion Act of 1971'."

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959a. Duties of Secretary of Interior.

The Secretary of the Interior is authorized and directed to

(a) Research and studies for development of processes and equipment for converting saline water.

conduct, encourage, and promote basic scientific research and fundamental studies to develop effective and economical processes and equipment for the purpose of converting saline and other chemically contaminated water into water suitable for beneficial consumptive uses;

(b) Publication of findings from research and studies for application to other than water treatment matters.

pursue the findings of research and studies authorized by sections 1959 to 1959h of this title having potential practical applications to matters other than water treatment to the stage that such findings can be published in an effective form for utilization by others;

(c) Engineering and technical work for development of desalting processes and plant design concepts for scaled demonstrations.

conduct engineering and technical work including the design, construction, and testing of pilot plants, test beds, and modules to develop desalting processes and plant design concepts to the point of demonstration on a practical scale;

(d) Methods for recovery and marketing of byproducts as offsets against treatment costs; reduction of impact on environment from discharge of brine into waters.

study methods for the recovery and marketing of byproducts resulting from the desalination of water to offset the costs of treatment and to reduce impact on the environment from the discharge of brines into lakes, streams, and other waters; and (e) Economic studies and surveys on water production costs; information concerning relation of desalting to other aspects of comprehensive water resource planning: coordination of studies and water resource planning.

undertake economic studies and surveys to determine present and prospective costs of producing water for beneficial consumptive purposes in various parts of the United States by the saline water processes as compared with other standard methods, and by means of mathematical models or other methodologies prepare and maintain information concerning the relation of desalting to other aspects of State, regional, and national comprehensive water resource planning: Provided, That in carrying out this function, the Secretary shall coordinate these studies with planning being performed under the provisions of the Water Resources Planning Act, as amended.

(Pub. L. 92-60, § 3, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 159.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Water Resources Planning Act, as amended, referred to in subsec. (e), is classified to chapter 19B of this title. SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1959c, 1959e, 19591, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959b. Additional duties of Secretary of Interior. (a) Prototype plants; preliminary investigations.

The Secretary is authorized and directed to conduct preliminary investigations and to explore potential cooperative agreements with non-Federal utilities and governmental entities in order to develop recommendations for Federal participation in the construction, operation, and maintenance of proto

type plants utilizing desalting technologies for the production of water for consumptive use.

(b) Report to Congress; recommendations respecting construction of large-scale prototype desalting plant; criteria.

The Secretary is authorized and directed to report to the President and to the Congress, not later than one year after July 29, 1971, his recommendation as to the best opportunity for the early construction of a large-scale prototype desalting plant. In making his recommendation, the Secretary shall consider the following

(i) plant size and process type best suited, within the presently available technology, to demonstrate the practicability of construction and operation of a large-scale plant for water supply on a reliable basis, and to provide information on the management problems and economics of such operation;

(ii) availability of operating entities or utilities willing to enter, and capable of entering, into agreements and contracts to provide a market for water and an operating agency for the plants;

(iii) availability of entities or utilities willing to enter, and capable of entering, into agreements and contracts to provide an energy source for the plants;

(iv) availability of a site, the environmental implications of the energy source, and brine disposal problems; and

(v) need for the development of new water sources in the area.

In carrying out the provisions of this section, the Secretary shall utilize the expertise of the water and power marketing agencies of the Department of the Interior or of other Federal agencies to insure that the recommended prototype plant and the supporting agreements are fully integrated and compatible with the water and power systems of the region. (d) State and other public agencies; assistance.

The Secretary is authorized to accept financial and other assistance from any State or public agency in connection with studies or surveys relating to saline water conversion problems and facilities and to enter into contracts with respect to such assistance. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 4, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 160.) SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 19591, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959c. Powers of Secretary of Interior.

In carrying out his functions under sections 1959 to 1959h of this title, the Secretary may—

(a) make grants to educational institutions and scientific organizations, and enter into contracts with such institutions and organizations and with industrial or engineering firms;

(b) acquire the services of chemists, physicists, engineers, and other personnel by contract or otherwise;

(d) establish and operate necessary facilities and test sites to carry on the continuous research, testing, development, and programing necessary to effectuate the purposes of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title;

(e) acquire secret processes, technical data, inventions, patent applications, patents, licenses, land and interests in land (including water rights), plants and facilities, and other property or rights by purchase, license, lease, or donation;

(f) assemble and maintain pertinent and current scientific literature, both domestic and foreign, and issue bibliographical data with respect thereto;

(g) cause on-site inspections to be made of promising projects, domestic and foreign, and, in the case of projects located in the United States, cooperate and participate in their development when the purposes of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title will be served thereby;

(h) foster and participate in regional, national, and international conferences relating to saline water conversion;

(i) coordinate, correlate, and publish information with a view to advancing the development of low-cost saline water conversion projects; and

(j) cooperate with other Federal departments and agencies, with State and local departments, agencies and instrumentalities, and with interested persons, firms, institutions, and organizations. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 5, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 160.) SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959e, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959d. Saline water conversion program and other Federal programs.

(a) Coordination or joint conduct of activities with Department of Defense.

Research and development activities undertaken by the Secretary shall be coordinated or conducted jointly with the Department of Defense to the end that developments under sections 1959 to 1959h of this title which are primarily of a civil nature will contribute to the defense of the Nation and that developments which are primarily of a military nature will, to the greatest practicable extent compatible with military and security requirements, be available to advance the purposes of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title and to strengthen the civil economy of the Nation. (b) Cooperation

Agency.

with

Environmental

Protection

The Secretary will cooperate with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to insure that research and development work performed under sections 1959 to 1959h of this title makes the fullest possible contribution to the improvement of processes and techniques for the treatment of saline and other chemically contaminated waters and to avoid the duplication of the experience, expertise, and data regarding desalting technologies which have been acquired in the performance of the Saline Water Conversion Act.

The Secretary shall cooperate fully with the Atomic Energy Commission, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Department of State, and other concerned agencies in the interest of achieving the objectives of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title.

tivities in accordance with section 1959h (b) of this title; and

(d) Research information and developments: availability to public; patent rights; rules and revisions of rules: publication in Federal Register. All research within the United States contracted for, sponsored, cosponsored, or authorized under authority of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title, shall be provided for in such manner that all information, uses, products, processes, patents, and other developments resulting from such research developed by Government expenditure will (with such exceptions and limitations, if any, as the Secretary may find to be necessary in the interest of national defense) be available to the general public. This subsection shall not be so construed as to deprive the owner of any background patent relating thereto of such rights as he may have thereunder. Within six months of July 29, 1971, the Secretary shall publish rules in the Federal Register to give effect to the provisions of this subsection and shall subsequently publish all revisions in the same manner.

(e) Disposal of water and byproducts; disposition of

moneys.

The Secretary may dispose of water and byproducts resulting from his operations under sections 1959 to 1959h of this title. All moneys received from dispositions under this section shall be paid into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts except where such operations may be undertaken as a part of a Federal reclamation project in which case the financial provisions of Reclamation Law (32 Stat. 388 and Acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto) will govern.

(f) Alteration of existing water ownership and control law.

Nothing in sections 1959 to 1959h of this title shall be construed to alter existing law with respect to the ownership and control of water. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 6, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 161.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Saline Water Conversion Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act July 3, 1952, ch. 568, 66 Stat. 328, as amended, formerly classified to sections 1951-1958 of this title and now covered by sections 1959-1959h of this title.

Reclamation Law (32 Stat. 388 and Acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto), referred to in subsec. (e), are classified generally to Title 43, Public Lands. See Tables Volume for distribution.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959e. Rules and regulations.

The Secretary of the Interior may issue rules and regulations to effectuate the purposes of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title. (Pub. L. 92-67. July 29. 1971, 85 Stat. 162.)

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959f. Report to the President and Congress.

The Secretary shall submit to the President and to the Congress not later than December 31, 1975, a report on

(i) the status of research and development work in progress under the provisions of section 1959a (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this title, along with a program for the orderly termination of these ac

(ii) the status of work in progress under the provisions of section 1959a (e) and section 1959b of this title along with the recommendations for the integration of these remaining functions within the on-going water resource programs of the Department of the Interior.

(Pub. L. 92-60, § 8, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 162.) SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 1959g, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959g. Definitions.

As used in sections 1959 to 1959h of this title(a) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Interior;

(b) the term "saline water" includes sea water, brackish water, mineralized ground or surface water, and irrigation return flows;

(c) the term "other chemically contaminated water" refers to waters which contain chemicals susceptible to removal by desalting processes;

(d) the term "United States" extends to and includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, territories of American Samoa, Guam, and the Virgin Islands; and the provisions of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title shall also apply to the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands;

(e) the term "pilot plant" means an experimental unit of small size, usually less than one hundred thousand gallons per day capacity, used for early evaluation and development of new or improved processes and to obtain technical and engineering data;

(f) the term "test bed" means an intermediatesized, experimental desalting plant of up to two million gallons per day capacity used for further evaluation and refinement of processes in the field and designed to facilitate the incorporation of experimental features for performance testing and to permit process changes and improvements as required;

(g) the term "module" means a section or integral portion of a desalting plant which is used initially to study large-scale technology and critical design features in preparation for subsequent prototype construction;

(h) the term "prototype" means a full-size, first-of-a-kind production plant used for development, study, and demonstration of full-sized technology, plant operation, and process economics. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 9, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 162.) SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 1959h of this title.

§ 1959h. Authorization of appropriations. (a) Availability of moneys for various expenses; increases and decreases in expenditures and obligations.

There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out the provisions of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title during fiscal year 1972, the sum of $27,025,000, to remain available until expended, as follows:

(1) Research expense, not more than $5,475,000;

(2) Development expense, not more than $10,200,000;

(3) Design, construction, acquisition, modification, operation, and maintenance of saline water conversion test bers and test facilities, not more than $7,385,000;

(4) Design, construction, acquisition, modification, operation, and maintenance of saline water conversion modules, not more than $1,425,000; and

(5) Administration and coordination not more than $2,540,000.

Expenditures and obligations under paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this subsection may be increased by not more than 10 percentum, and expenditures and obligations under paragraph (5) may be increased by not more than 2 per centum, if any such increase under any paragraph is accompanied by an equal decrease in expenditures and obligations under one or more of the other paragraphs.

(b) Annual appropriation authorization; availability of moneys for execution of provisions, for grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and studies, and for correlation of results of studies and research. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums, to remain available until expended, as may be specified in annual appropriation authorization Acts to carry out the provisions of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title during the fiscal years 1973 to 1977, inclusive, and to finance, for not more than three years beyond the end of said period, such grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and studies as may theretofore have been undertaken pursuant to sections 1959 to 1959h of this title and such activities as are required to correlate, coordinate, and round out the results of studies and research undertaken pursuant to sections 1959 to 1959h of this title.

Not more than 2 per centum of the funds to be made available in any fiscal year for research under the authority of sections 1959 to 1959h of this title may be expended, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State to assure that such activities are consistent with the foreign policy objectives of the United States, in cooperation with public or private agencies in foreign countries for research useful to the program in the United States. (Pub. L. 92-60, § 10, July 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 162.)

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1959a, 1959c, 1959e, 1959f, 1959g of this title.

Chapter 19A.-WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH

PROGRAM

SUBCHAPTER III.-MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 1961c-8. Excess personal property; conveyance to cooperating institutes, educational institutions, and nonprofit organizations [New].

SUBCHAPTER I.-STATE WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTES

§ 1961a. Water resources research institutes. (a) Appropriations; establishment; number; designation of institution; interstate or regional institutes; participation of educational institutions in institute work.

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior for the fiscal year 1965 and

each subsequent year thereafter sums adequate to provide $75,000 to each of the several States in the first year, $87,500 in each of the second and third years, and $250,000 each year thereafter to assist each participating State in establishing and carrying on the work of a competent and qualified water resources research institute, center, or equivalent agency (hereinafter referred to as "institute") at one college or university in that State, which college or university shall be a college or university established in accordance with sections 301 to 305, 307 and 308 of Title 7 or some other institution designated by Act of the legislature of the State concerned: Provided, That (1) if there is more than one such college or university in a State, established in accordance with sections 301 to 305, 307 and 308 of Title 7, funds under this chapter shall, in the absence of a designation to the contrary by act of the legislature of the State, be paid to the one such college or university designated by the Governor of the State to receive the same subject to the Secretary's determination that such college or university has, or may reasonably be expected to have, the capability of doing effective work under this chapter; (2) two or more States may cooperate in the designation of a single interstate or regional institute, in which event the sums assignable to all of the cooperating States shall be paid to such institute; and (3) a designated college or university may, as authorized by appropriate State authority, arrange with other colleges and universities within the State to participate in the work of the institute: Provided further, That for fiscal year 1973 not more than $125,000 shall be appropriated for each of the District of Columbia, the Virgin Islands, and Guam, and for fiscal year 1974 not more than $200,000 shall be appropriated for each of such areas.

(b) Duties of institutes; scope of activities.

It shall be the duty of each such institute to plan and conduct and/or arrange for a component or components of the college or university with which it is affiliated to conduct competent research, investigations, and experiments of either a basic or practical nature, or both, in relation to water resources and to provide for the training of scientists through such research, investigations, and experiments, Such research, investigations, experiments, and training may include, without being limited to, aspects of the hydrologic cycle; supply and demand for water; conservation and best use of available supplies of water; methods of increasing such supplies; and economic, legal, social, engineering, recreational, biological, geographic, ecological and other aspects of water problems and scientific information dissemination activities, including identifying, assembling, and interpreting the results of scientific and engineering research deemed potentially significant for solution of water resource problems, providing means for improved communication regarding such research results, including prototype operations, ascertaining the existing and potential effectiveness of such for aiding in the solution of practical problems, and for training qualified persons in the performance of such scientific information dissemination; having due regard to the varying conditions and needs of the respective State, to

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