moved. Then we have space on Duke Street in Alexandria not yet occupied to which we will move the newspaper collection and other types of materials.

Mr. STEED. What would you say the annual cost is for rental space to the Government, whether in your budget or in the budget of the General Services Administration, by reason of your having to go outside the main library buildings to house your activities?

Dr. MUMFORD. The direct costs for rental and maintenance according to our calculations amount to $810,956, but this does not place a value upon the space we occupy that is owned by the Government at the Naval Weapons Plant or at the Federal Depot at Middle River. If we placed a value on that space it would certainly exceed the figure of $810,956. These are the costs to the General Services Administration including maintenance and operation. There are, of course, costs of communication, transportation, and guard service, as well as indirect costs resulting from operating in remote locations.

Mr. STEED. Is it a reasonable assumption that by reason of your lack of space, which you contemplate could be provided in the new annex, an additional cost is imposed on you of, say, $1 million a year?

Dr. MUMFORD. I am sure from the direct cost of $810,956, plus the value of space we are occupying that the Government owns, and other costs, it would more than exceed that.

Mr. STEED. In regards to the $613,000 item in the bill, what do you plan to do with this amount?

Dr. MUMFORD. There are several rental locations for which costs will come from the Library budget until another year elapses and the General Services Administration assumes those costs.

Mr. STEED. So even if the committee approved $2.8 million for plans and specifications for the James Madison Memorial Annex, this would have no immediate impact on your space needs?

Dr. MUMFORD. Not immediately, but funds to proceed on Madison plans would shorten the time during which we would have to pay rental.

Mr. STEED. You would still need the $613,000 in the coming year? Dr. MUMFORD. The funds for Madison Building planning would not affect that, no, sir.

Mr. STEED. If your new space plans are realized, what other activities do you plan to disperse?

Dr. MUMFORD. At the moment we expect to move the Geography and Map Division when we can find suitable space. This move will give space for the Copyright Office and the Legislative Reference Service.

TOTAL NUMBER AND LOCATION OF LIBRARY PERSONNEL

Mr. STEED. If your budget is approved for 1969, what will this reflect in terms of total personnel you will have, and what part will be in the main Library buildings and what part will be located in these outside locations?

Dr. MUMFORD. Our additional personnel we are requesting?

Mr. STEED. Yes, assuming your request is approved, what will this bring your total employment up to?

Dr. MUMFORD. 2,864 budgeted positions.

Mr. STEED. And how many of these people will be working in the outside areas compared to those who work in the two main buildings? Dr. MUMFORD. We will have to do a little calculating on that. Mr. STEED. Can you give us an approximation?

Dr. MUMFORD. Of the 2,864, approximately 600 would be located outside the present two buildings in the rental spaces.

Mr. STEED. Does this create any morale problem with your personnel?

Dr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir; to some degree. The staff would prefer working in one of the two central buildings. It certainly creates a problem as to efficiency of operations. It is necessary to move materials back and forth, and, naturally, communication back and forth becomes more difficult. It is not possible to operate as efficiently as we could if we had a third building across the street from our present buildings. Mr. STEED. I remember in some of the plans you discussed with the committee in years back, about locations involving a sizable number of your employees, that the availability of transportation in getting to and from work was a problem.

Dr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEED. Have you been able to avoid some of that by the sites you have chosen?

Dr. MUMFORD. To a great extent, and by choosing activities that do not require a considerable amount of moving back and forth. For instance, the Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped located on Taylor Street can operate without a tremendous amount of transportation to the main Library. There is, however, a considerable amount of communication by telephone.

In the case of the card distribution service in the Naval Weapons Plant it has been necessary to provide transportation back and forth because of the need to consult catalogs and so on in the main buildings on Capitol Hill.

Mr. STEED. Mr. Langen, do you have any questions on the material we have covered thus far?

Mr. LANGEN. No questions, Mr.Chairman.

Mr. STEED. We will now turn to the increases projected on page 5 of the justifications.

INCREASES IN SALARY COSTS

You show increases in the amount of $213,288 for in-grade increases and other anticipated increases in salary costs. Could you break this figure down as to the amounts involved in each category?

Dr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir; we can. I can give you a rough breakdown on it at the moment and give you more detail, if you wish, later. Mr. STEED. All right.

Dr. MUMFORD. Of that amount, about $153,000 is for in-grade increases and wage-board increases. I might point out that the increase in salaries means that each time a person moves from one step to another within the grade it means more dollars than it formerly did. About $60,000 is required for reallocations; that is, where the classification specialists find that a person is performing work at a higher level than his grade provides.

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Mr. STEED. How many of your employees are under wage board rates?

Dr. MUMFORD. May I ask Mr. Berry to respond to that?

Mr. BERRY. 124.

Mr. STEED. When was the last wage-board increase put into effect? Mr. BERRY. Last December.

Mr. STEED. IS December the normal time for wage board actions to become effective?

Mr. BERRY. That has been the traditional date, early in December, for the type of positions we have on wage board.

Mr. STEED. I know that is true in the case of the Government Printing Office. Do you use the same wage board guidelines they do?

Mr. BERRY. No, sir; we do not at the present time have positions which would fall under the wage board guidelines of the Government Printing Office, but we follow the lithographic wage board and other wage boards for our custodial people.

Mr. STEED. In other words, you do not have a wage board function of your own, you just follow the pattern of other Government agencies? Mr. BERRY. That is right, sir.

Mr. STEED. In the matter of this reallocation, how many people did that affect last year?

Dr. MUMFORD. In fiscal 1967, these actions No. 105 in this appropriation.

Mr. STEED. Would you have approximately the same number likely to be involved in the 1969 budget?

Dr. MUMFORD. I think approximately. You may recall that several years ago we had more reallocations because the positions in the Library had not been reviewed for a number of years and a number of them were lower grades than were required under the standards of the Civil Service Commission. This has tapered off and is going down

now.

Mr. STEED. Is this something you always have with you?

Dr. MUMFORD. We would have some of it with us always. We have so-called career advancement ladders where a person will be appointed at grade 7 and after a year's time or maybe 2 years if he has performed well and can adequately perform the work of grade 9, he may be advanced to grade 9. It is a system of incentive and promotion, based upon like pay treatment for like work. This is a governing practice throughout the Government. Also, there are new standards issued from time to time by the Civil Service Commission which may result in higher grades for certain classes of positions.

Mr. STEED. On page 114 of the committee print the average GS grade in your activities in 1967 was 7.2. In 1968 you show it as 7.3, and you project the same, 7.3, in 1969.

Dr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEED. Reallocations always reflect an upward trend rather than a downward trend, I assume?"

Dr. MUMFORD. One indication is upward, however as people on higher levels retire and leave the Library, we may appoint someone at a lower level.

Mr. STEED. Would that be the reason why, in spite of reallocations, you expect to hold the same average grade in 1969 that you had in 1968?

Dr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir.

Mr. STEED. Each year this is always a matter that we get into about the in-grade increases and the replacement at a lower level of someone at a higher level, and the committee always wants to know why one does not offset the other. Is that because, as total employment increases, the pressure is always for more money rather than a standoff?

Dr. MUMFORD. I would say the effect of higher grade people leaving and lower grade people coming in is not sufficient to offset the reallocations. The new positions requested are generally at a lower level. I do not think that they would have any significant influence in raising the average salary.

I might point out, Mr. Chairman, that by comparison as to the average grade level, the Smithsonian Institution has an average grade of GS-8 and the Patent Office has an average grade of GS-8.8 as compared to the Library of Congress' GS-7.3.

PAY ABOVE STATED ANNUAL RATE

Mr. STEED. On page 6 of the justifications you show an increase of $44,277 for item 4, which says "Pay above the stated annual rate." What is the reason for this item?

Dr. MUMFORD. The reason is we have 1 additional day in 1969, a total of 261 days rather than 260 in this year.

Mr. STEED. How often does this 1 additional day show up?

Mr. ROSSITER. It has to do with the administrative workweek. We have to count the days in a fiscal year that are paid workdays.

ANNUALIZATION OF PAY INCREASE

Mr. STEED. On page 6 you show an increase of $167,580, for "Annualization of pay increase." Does that mean that since the pay increase became effective in October-October 9, I believe that this would be the additional amount needed had it been in effect on July 1?

Dr. MUMFORD. That is correct; the difference between July 1 and October 9.

Mr. STEED. On one of the other sheets I believe it shows the amount needed for the pay increase for the part of the year it was in effect was $421,000.

Dr. MUMFORD. That is correct.

Mr. STEED. How did you arrive at this figure of $167,580?

Dr. MUMFORD. The $167,580 is needed to meet the increased needs for 1969. It is not the total cost of the pay increase.

Mr. ROSSITER. The total cost of the pay raise in 1969 will be $589,115, projected for the full year. Of this, $421,535 was the cost for 1968.

INCREASE FOR POSTAGE

Mr. STEED. On page 7, item 6, "Postage," you are asking for a $5,000 increase. What are the requirements that impose the necessity for you to get additional money for postage?

Mr. ROSSITER. Under public law each agency reimburses the Post Office on the basis of usage. At the present time we are reimbursing the Post Office from several appropriations in the amount of $90,000. An audit indicated we were not reimbursing them a sufficient amount be

cause of increased usage. That does not mean increased postage rates but increased usage. So it was determined we had to reimburse the Post Office $20,000 additional, $5,000 in each of four different appropriations because our workload has increased.

Mr. STEED. As I understand it, you pay the Post Office after the fact instead of during the use. Are you in a position of being in arrears? Mr. ROSSITER. No, sir.

Dr. MUMFORD. They do not require that any deficiency of the past be made up at the present moment. They simply expect us to pay on the basis of what the present survey shows.

Mr. STEED. Then this $5,000 increase is your best judgment of what the next billing will be?

Mr. ROSSITER. In 1969; yes, sir.

Dr. MUMFORD. For this appropriation.

INCREASE FOR PRINTING

Mr. STEED. On page 7, item 7, you have an increase of $24,000 for printing. Could you give us some information on what your total printing bill is and what materials you include in your printing program?

Dr. MUMFORD. While Mr. Rossiter is getting detailed figures on that, I might say, as indicated, this is divided into two parts. The first is forms, and an increase of $9,000 is requested because of the quantity of stock and special forms required by the expansion of programs and the growth of reference and processing activities, and the basic cost of the service which results from higher production costs, that is, reproduction materials, equipment maintenance, and labor. The other part is concerned with publications, $15,000, and I would be glad to have Mrs. Hamer, the Assistant Librarian, speak to that. Mrs. HAMER. Our total fund for printing general publications is $67,500, and we are asking for a $15,000 increase for two reasons.

First, printing costs have gone up. Under printing costs on page 161 of our justifications, you can see how wages have increased at the Government Printing Office, and for us there are other cost factors, such as the increased cost of paper and services. These constitute one type of increase we are trying to cover in the $15,000 increase requested. The other reason we need more funds is that there is simply more information to be published. For example, a bibliography issued in 1964 would now increase in size by about 50 percent. In other words, a bibliography covering the same subject would be much larger today because of the information explosion.

Mr. STEED. Even in terms of items you have been doing, they are just bigger?

Mrs. HAMER. Yes, sir. A bibliography on Southeast Asia, for example, would be much bigger today than 5 years ago.

Mr. STEED. This is not necessarily an increase

Mrs. HAMER. In the number of library publications-no, sir.

Mr. STEED. Mr. Langen, do you have any questions at this point?

Mr. LANGEN. Perhaps a question or two on this last item.
The total amount in the budget for publications is $67,500?

Mrs. HAMER. Yes. That is for general publications, not the cardcatalog publications and items of that kind.