Mr. HARRISON. As I prefaced my statement earlier, when you are buying on the bid market nothing is static, nothing is the same. You might bid a job today and a man who needs work in his plant will bid way below cost in order to keep his pressmen working and his presses rolling. At another time it may be higher.

Mr. LANGEN. I appreciate there might be a variation, but what was the amount, $97 million?

Mr. HARRISON. $97 million.

Mr. LANGEN. There must be some kind of indication that if we had done it ourselves it would have cost $90 million or some other amount. Mr. HARRISON. The point is we cannot do the work even if we could do it at less cost. We do not have the space, we do not have the equipment, and we do not have the manpower.

Mr. LANGEN. It still does not seem to prevent a comparison being made. You have expressed an interest, as many of us have, that commercial printers have to survive, too.

Mr. HARRISON. That is right.

Mr. LANGEN. Where is most of it let of the $97 million?

Mr. HARRISON. We have 2,000 names of companies on our bid list. They are in every State except, I believe, Alaska and Hawaii that do not have bidders registered with us. These plants are all categorized and when we get a job that fits its category we send out bids on a rotating basis. If we have 200 in one category we will not send out bids to all 200 but will send to 20 on one bid and 20 on another and so on on a rotating basis.

Mr. LANGEN. How many bidders did you have last year?

Mr. HARRISON. We had 71,100 because we had that many contracted

out.

Mr. LANGEN. And these would be located in practically all the 50 States?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes. You see, the distribution of publications will have a lot to do with the bid process. If this is a job primarily to be delivered on the West Coast it would be delivered on a free on board basis to the West Coast and the printers out there might be low, although we find sometimes it is cheaper to have the printing done here and shipped out there than to have it done out there. It is a real competitive business. That is why we try to estimate as many jobs as we can to be sure we are not buying jobs at too much over normal cost.

Mr. LANGEN. If it is not too much above normal cost it seems it would be good to have them do it because they are taxpaying people. Mr. HARRISON. If we get four or five bids on a job and they are considerably higher than our estimators estimate they should be, we throw them out and rebid the jobs.

Mr. LANGEN. The reason I am inquiring is because we did have an instance in the printing of stamped envelopes that was unusual. Mr. HARRISON. That is the Post Office Department's contract. Mr. LANGEN. The bids had been going to one concern for well over 30 years and mostly because there was not lead time enough for any other company to qualify, and a good many millions of dollars had been lost by having them all printed in one place for a long period of

time, and along with it went the distribution cost. It is for that reason I was inquiring as to how well distributed this printing is. If it is for Alaska it seems it should be done there.

Mr. HARRISON. The Linotron job I referred to in my statement was divided. A printing plant in St. Louis was awarded "x" thousand copies. There were two or three different locations. That was done primarily because the volume was so great some of the plants could not do it all but they could give us a good price on "x" number of copies. The distribution of the contracts helped because it was to be distributed all over. We try to find the best and most economical way to buy printing for a customer.

Mr. LANGEN. That is all.

Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Yates.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING PLANTS

Mr. YATES. Are all Government agencies required to do their printing through your office?

Mr. HARRISON. The law says all Government printing shall be done at the Government Printing Office except that which the Joint Committee on Printing deems necessary to have done elsewhere. The Joint Committee on Printing has authorized a number of agencies to have their own plants. They are generally small plants set up to do the dayto-day work that the agency needs. The larger printing jobs generally come to us from the Government agencies.

Mr. YATES. What agencies have this type of authorization?

Mr. HARRISON. For their own plants?

Mr. YATES. Yes.

Mr. HARRISON. There are 330-some authorized Government plants throughout the world.

Mr. YATES. What do they print?

Mr. HARRISON. It is the type of work they need to do themselves such as forms and some other printing. The Bureau of Mines, for example, has a plant to print their reports on safety tests of mines. Mr. YATES. Who does the maps for the Geodetic Survey?

Mr. HARRISON. They have their own plant.

Mr. YATES. Who does the work for the State Department?
Mr. HARRISON. We do their administrative work.

Mr. YATES. What about their monthly Bulletins?

Mr. HARRISON. I think we do. They have plants outside the United States and we have no control over them. There is a list in the back of the printing and binding regulations put out by the Joint Committee on Printing that lists all these plants.

Mr. YATES. You do not know the total cost of work done outside your organization?

Mr. HARRISON. We estimate we do about half of the Government printing. That is based on material the Joint Committee on Printing gathered a couple years ago. That means we do $200 million and other plants and agencies will do another $200 million.

TYPES OF WORK PROCURED COMMERCIALLY

Mr. YATES. How do you determine what jobs to farm out and what jobs to do yourself?

Mr. HARRISON. Many specialty jobs we buy automatically. Multicolor jobs we buy.

Mr. YATES. You do not have color plants?

Mr. HARRISON. We have two-color presses in our plant but we are primarily a one-color plant. A good deal will depend on the conditions in our plant. The leadtime is one of the most important things on printing. Many jobs come in with such short delivery time we do not have time to bid them.

Mr. YATES. What is the largest contract that you let out to a private contractor last year?

Mr. HARRISON. I would have to get that for you. It probably would be the income tax forms.

Mr. YATES. Who does that?

Mr. HARRISON. We have that scattered over the country.

Mr. YATES. By various companies?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes. Even the window package. Up until this year we were the only plant that had the facility to die-cut the window while printing but due to the length of time Congress was in session we had to ask contractors if they were equipped to do this. They came in and looked at our process and equipped their machinery so four or five plants went into this.

Mr. YATES. Do you enter into any long-term contracts?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes; 6 months or 1 year. Those are the longest.
Mr. YATES. Is a 1-year contract considered long term?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes. That is the longest we have.

Mr. YATES. Of your 80,000 contracts, what would you say was the sum of your 80,000 contracts by outside companies?

Mr. ANDREWS. $97,409,000, which was 55.1 percent of all the work they did.

Mr. YATES. Is there any firm that gets more than 10 percent of your outside work?.

Mr. HARRISON. I would doubt it very seriously but I cannot tell you at this moment for sure.

Mr. YATES. Is there a firm that gets more than 5 percent of your outside work?

Mr. HARRISON. You mean in dollar volume? On marginal punched forms or tab cards that is possible.

Mr. YATES. How much of your outside work is done by competitive bidding?

Mr. HARRISON. All of it.

Mr. YATES. For each contract?

Mr. HARRISON. Unless it is a term contract for 6 months or a year. Mr. YATES. Is that put out to competitive bidding, too?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes; and if the low bidder can't produce the job

it goes to the next lowest bidder.

PER PAGE COST OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD

Mr. YATES. I did not notice this year the cost per page of the Congressional Record.

Mr. HARRISON. $116 is estimated for 1969.

Mr. ANDREWS. Is that up or down?

Mr. HARRISON. It is up $3.

Mr. YATES. A page?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes. Of course, that includes the daily, the index, the biweekly, the permanent bound and the distribution.

Mr. YATES. That is all.

Mr. LANGEN. May I ask one more question?

Are there any requirements for someone who wants to bid? How does a printer know what there is to bid on and what are the requirements for his submitting bids?

Mr. HARRISON. If he advises us he is interested we will send him a form to fill out which will show the type of equipment he has and the personnel. We categorize this and when we have a job that fits his facilities we will give him a chance to bid.

Mr. LANGEN. That is all.

SELECTION OF SITE, GENERAL PLANS, AND DESIGNS OF BUILDINGS

Mr. ANDREWS. At page 152 of the committee print there is a new item you recommend for $2.5 million reading as follows:

For necessary expenses for site selection and general plans and designs of buildings for the Government Printing Office, pursuant to the Public Buildings Act of 1959 (40 U.S.C. 602 et seq.), $2,500,000, to be available for transfer to the General Services Administration.

We have had this proposition before us in other years. An appropriation of $2,500,000 was made in the 1965 legislative bill with the

proviso that the selection of a site must first be approved by the Joint Committee on Printing. The program ran into rough waters because of difficulty in the location of sites and other matters. In the 1967 bill there was included a provision that all work and expense under that appropriation must stop and the unobligated balance of the $2,500,000 was rescinded.

PRIOR PLANNING EXPENSES

Will you insert a brief statement in the record showing what was spent, what it was spent for, and the amount of the unobligated balance that was rescinded and returned to the Treasury, or can you give that to us now?

Mr. HARRISON. I have that-$183,325 was spent and there was returned to the Treasury $2,316,675.

Mr. ANDREWS. What was the $183,000 spent for?

You can place that in the record.

Mr. HARRISON. Yes.

(The information follows:)

A breakdown of expenditures is as follows:

Payments for predesign_.

Payments for design-

Soil survey and tests--.

Reproduction of drawings__

General Services Administration__

Total expenditures-

$45,000 129, 202

1,612

11

7,500

183, 325

Mr. ANDREW. Was any of the work done such as could be used in the future if you get a building?

Mr. HARRISON. All of it, yes.

Mr. ANDREWs. Plans et cetera ?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes.

APPROVAL OF SITE BY JOINT COMMITTEE

Mr. ANDREWS. What is the current situation in respect to this request?

Mr. HARRISON. Of course, when I put this in our budget request last year

Mr. ANDREWs. You mean last fall?

Mr. HARRISON. Last fall, yes. I had reasonable expectation that the Joint Committee on Printing would have approved a site by this time. They have not thus far approved the site.

PROPOSED SITE FOR NEW PLANT

As I indicated to you last year, we have a site that can be used for this that belongs to the Government. It is an 85-acre site nine and a quarter miles from the Capitol in Prince Georges County. It is bordered on one side by the Pennsylvania Railroad, on another side. by the Beltway, and on the other side by the Annapolis Freeway. The