It is, therefore, the opinion of the Commission that the proposed agreement not only is in accordance with the policy which you have established concerning the development of the peaceful uses of atomic energy in collaboration with friendly foreign nations but, also, that the cooperative effort which the proposed agreement will permit will further solidify the friendship we now enjoy with Her Majesty's Government and go far in assuring the continuance of peace and freedom in our countries.

Respectfully,

THE PRESIDENT,

THE WHITE HOUSE. Enclosure: Agreement.

Chairman.

THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington, June 15, 1955.

DEAR MR. STRAUSS: Under date of June 15, 1955, the Atomic Energy Commission recommended that I approve a proposed Agreement for Cooperation concerning the civil uses of atomic energy by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the United States of America.

The Commission's letter of recommendation refers to the close collaboration that existed between Great Britain and the United States in the development of the atomic bomb, and points out that since the war and until the passage of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, further cooperation in atomic energy development was severely limited by law. The Commission's letter also states that the United Kingdom has developed and put into effect a comprehensive atomic energy program, and that the proposed agreement, negotiated under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, represents an important step toward achieving in the atomic energy field the friendly tradition of cooperation which prevails in the other areas of our relationships with Her Majesty's Government.

I have examined the agreement recommended. I share in the belief of the Commission that the performance of the agreement will result in mutual benefit to both Governments.

The agreement calls for an exchange of classified and unclassified information relating to the application of atomic energy for peaceful uses, for an exchange of research materials not available commercially, for the use of research and reactor testing facilities, and for the transfer of equipment and devices. It is provided, however, that classified information will be exchanged only when relevant to current or projected programs, and that the parties to the agreement will not exchange Restricted Data under the agreement which is primarily of military significance; nor will they grant access to facilities which are primarily of military significance. Further, it is specifically provided that the parties will not transfer or export, or permit the transfer or export, under the agreement, of any material, equipment or device which is primarily of a military significance. It is specifically provided that the disposition and utilization of atomic weapons and the exchange of Restricted Data relating to the design or fabrication of atomic weapons shall be outside the scope of the agreement.

Special nuclear material will be exchanged under the agreement only for research purposes and in such quantities and under such terms and conditions as may be agreed, subject to the general limitation that nuclear material which is primarily of a military character will not be transferred.

The extent of the progress of atomic energy development in Great Britain, particularly in the matter of the peaceful uses of atomic energy, makes it certain that the United States will gain materially from a mutual exchange of information and the mutual uses of facilities. The proposed agreement will permit our scientists to have access to valuable information which the eminent scientists of the United Kingdom have developed and will make possible a close collaboration in advancing the frontiers of knowledge in the nuclear sciences and the fulfillment of the promise which nuclear energy holds for all mankind. I share the opinion of the Commission that the activities called for in the agreement will promote the defense and security of the United States and will substantially further the mutual security of the peoples of the free world.

Accordingly, pursuant to the provisions of Section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 and upon the recommendation of the Atomic Energy Commission, I hereby

(1) Approve the within proposed agreement for cooperation between the Government of the United States and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning the civil uses of atomic energy;

(2) Determine that the performance of the proposed agreement will promote and will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security of the United States; and

(3) Authorize the execution of the proposed agreement for the Government of the United States by appropriate authoritiesof the United States Atomic Energy Commission and the Department of State.

Sincerely,

The Honorable L. L. STRAUSS,

[S] DWIGHT EISENHOWER.

Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission,

Washington, D. C.

UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION,

Washington 25, D. C., June 15, 1955.

DEAR SENATOR ANDERSON: Pursuant to section 123 (c) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 there is submitted with this letter:

(1) A proposed Agreement for Cooperation with the Government of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland;

(2) A letter dated June 15, 1955 from the Commission to the President recommending his approval of the proposed Agreement; (3) A letter dated June 15, 1955 from the President to the Commission approving the proposed Agreement, authorizing its execution, and containing his determination that the proposed Agreement will promote and will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security.

This proposed Agreement for Cooperation calls for the exchange of classified and unclassified information and material, including Restricted Data, and is more extensive in scope than the unclassified research agreements which previously have been submitted to this. session of the Congress.

The arrangement contained in the proposed Agreement results from the special relationship which exists between the Government of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland and the United States in the atomic energy field.

Sincerely yours,

Hon. CLINTON P. ANDERSON,

Chairman, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy,

Congress of the United States.

Chairman.

Press release by Atomic Energy Commission, "Agreement for Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atomic Energy Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada,” June 20, 1955.

NOTE TO EDITORS.-Attached is a copy of the proposed "Agreement for cooperation concerning civil uses of atomic energy between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada" which was approved by President Eisenhower Wednesday, June 15, 1955 and signed by representatives of Canada and the U. S. at a White House ceremony the same day.

This copy of the proposed agreement is for release at 12 Noon, E. D. T., Monday, June 20, 1955. It will be simultaneously released in both Ottawa and Washington, D. C.

Also attached are the following (which are for release at 12 noon, E. D. T., Monday, June 20, 1955):

1. Copy of the letter to President Eisenhower from Lewis L. Strauss, Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, recommending approval of the proposed agreement;

2. Copy of the letter from President Eisenhower to Chairman Strauss approving the proposed agreement;

3. Copy of the letter from Chairman Strauss to Chairman Anderson of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy submitting the proposed agreement and the approval of the President to the JCAE in accordance with the provision of Section 123 (c.) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. Attachments: 4.

AGREEMENT FOR COOPERATION CONCERNING CIVIL USES OF ATOMIC ENERGY BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA

The Government of the United States of America, represented by the United States Atomic Energy Commission (hereinafter referred to as the "Commission"), and the Government of Canada, through its wholly-owned Corporations, Eldorado Mining and Refining Limited

and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, have for several years been engaged in atomic energy programs within their respective countries and from the inception of these programs have collaborated closely in certain areas. The principal objective of Canada's atomic energy program is the civil use of atomic energy and, in particular, the use of atomic energy as a source of electric energy. The objective of the atomic energy program in the United States is twofold: (1) the use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes, and (2) the use of atomic energy for defense purposes. There exists a unique tradition of cooperation between Canada and the United States. Based on similar national interests, this cooperation produces special industrial and economic interrelationships. Consequently, progress in each country toward the full benefits of the peaceful uses of atomic energy will be accelerated through an arrangement which is consistent with the cooperation existing in other areas. Accordingly, the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada, the parties to this Agreement, agree, as provided herein, to assist each other in the achievement of the objectives of their respective atomic energy programs to the extent such assistance is relevant to current or projected programs and subject to applicable laws of the respective governments and the availability of material and personnel. While for the present and for the foreseeable future priority of materials and personnel must be given to defense needs, an increasing number of opportunities exist for the development of the peaceful applications of atomic energy. It is expressly understood that the design, fabrication, disposition, or utilization of atomic weapons are outside the scope of this Agreement.

ARTICLE I-PERIOD OF AGREEMENT

This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of receipt by the Government of Canada of a notification from the Government of the United States of America that the period of thirty days required by Section 123c of the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1954 has elapsed, and it shall remain in force through July 31, 1965.

ARTICLE II-EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION

Classified and unclassified information will be exchanged between the Commission and the appropriate agencies of the Government of Canada with respect to the application of atomic energy to peaceful uses, including research and development relating thereto, and including problems of health and safety. There are set forth in this Article the specific fields in which classified information will be exchanged. The exchange of information provided for in this Article will be accomplished through the various means available, including reports, conferences, and visits to facilities.

A. LIMITATIONS

Of the information which is classified, only that relevant to current or projected programs will be exchanged. The parties to the Agreement will not exchange Restricted Data under this Agreement which, in the opinion of either country, is primarily of military significance,

or exchange Restricted Data relating to the design or fabrication of atomic weapons. Within the subject matter of this Agreement, the parties may come into possession of privately developed and privately owned information and information received from other governments which the parties are not permitted to exchange.

It is mutually understood and agreed that, except as limitations are stated to apply specifically to one party or the other, any limitations to cooperation imposed pursuant to this Agreement shall be reciprocal.

B. REACTORS

(1) Information on the development, design, construction, operation and use of research, production, experimental power, demonstration power, and power reactors, except as provided in Paragraph A and (2) and (3) of this paragraph.

(2) The development of submarine, ship, aircraft, and certain package power reactors is presently concerned primarily with their military uses. Accordingly, it is agreed that the parties to this Agreement will not communicate to each other under this Agreement Restricted Data pertaining primarily to such reactors, until such time as these types of reactors warrant civil application, and as the exchange of information on these types of reactors may be mutually agreed. Restricted Data pertaining to the adaptation of these types of reactors to military use, however, will not be exchanged under this Agreement. Likewise, the parties to the Agreement will not exchange under this Agreement Restricted Data pertaining primarily to any future reactor-types the development of which may be concerned primarily with their military use, until such time as these types of reactors warrant civil application and as exchange of information on these types of reactors may be mutually agreed; and Restricted Data pertaining to the adaptation of these types of reactors to military use will not be exchanged under this Agreement. Nevertheless, information pertaining to military nuclear power plants in furtherance of the joint Canada-United States defense effort in the development of an early-warning radar network may be exchanged. (3) It is agreed that neither of the parties to this Agreement will exchange Restricted Data on any specific production, experimental power, demonstration power, and power reactor, unless that type of reactor is being operated currently by the other party, or is being considered seriously for construction by the other party as a source of power or as an intermediate step in a power production program. There will, however, be exchanged such general information on design and characteristics of various types of reactors as is required to permit evaluation and comparison of their potential use in a power production

program.

C. SOURCE MATERIALS

Geology, exploration techniques, chemistry and technology of extracting uranium and thorium from their ores and concentrates, the chemistry, production technology, and techniques of purification and fabrication of uranium and thorium compounds and metals, including design, construction and operation of plants, except as provided in Paragraph A.