All 68 Stat. 961.

SEC. 2

a. Section 1 (d) of the Act of December 29, 1950 (64 Stat. 1129), is 5 USC 1031(d). amended by inserting before the period at the end thereof a semicolon and the following: "when such order was entered by the Atomic Energy Commission, 'agency' means that Commission".

b. Section 2 of the Act of December 29, 1950 (64 Stat. 1129), is 5 USC 1032. amended by inserting before the period at the end of the first para- Court of Appeals, graph thereof a comma and the following: "and (d) of the Atomic Jurisdiction. Energy Commission made reviewable by section 189 of the Atomic

Energy Act of 1954, as amended”.

Ante, P.

SEC. 3. There is hereby retroceded to the State of New Mexico the New Mexico. exclusive jurisdiction heretofore acquired from the State of New Retrocession. Mexico by the United States of America over the following land of the United States Atomic Energy Commission in Bernalillo County and within the boundaries of the Sandia base, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Beginning at the center quarter corner of section 30, township 10 north, range 4 east, New Mexico principal meridian, Bernalillo County, New Mexico, thence south no degrees twenty-three minutes thirty seconds west one thousand nine hundred forty-seven and twenty one-hundredths feet, thence north eighty-nine degrees thirty-six minutes forty-five seconds east two thousand sixty-eight and forty onehundredths feet, thence north eighty-nine degrees three minutes fifteen seconds east five hundred forty-six feet, thence north no degrees thirty-nine minutes no seconds east two hundred thirty-two and seventy one-hundredths feet, thence north eighty-nine degrees twentyone minutes no seconds west eight hundred fifty-two and twenty onehundredths feet, thence north no degrees thirty-nine minutes no seconds east five hundred and sixty one-hundredths feet, thence along the back of the south curb of West Sandia Drive, Sandia Base, Bernalillo County, New Mexico, eight hundred sixty-five and sixty onehundredths feet, thence north no degrees thirty-nine minutes no seconds east one thousand three hundred thirty-five and three-tenths feet to a point south eighty-nine degrees twenty-seven minutes forty-five seconds west a distance of thirty feet from the quarter corner common to sections 30 and 29, township 10 north, range 4 east, thence south eighty-nine degrees, twenty-seven minutes forty-five seconds west two thousand six hundred twenty-three and forty one-hundredths feet to the point of beginning.

This retrocession of jurisdiction shall take effect upon acceptance by the State of New Mexico.

Approved August 30, 1954, 9:44 a. m., E. D. T.

Statement of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Press Release by James C. Hagerty, Press Secretary to the President, "Amendment of the Atomic Energy Act of 1946," August 30,

1954

Because of great progress in the field of atomic energy during the past eight years, I recommended early this year that the Congress modernize the Atomic Energy Act of 1946, the basic law governing our vast atomic enterprise. This new legislation was enacted by the Congress in pursuance of that recommendation.

The new Act permits us, under proper security safeguards, to give our allies certain information that they must have for an effective defense against aggression. This information includes data needed for training in the use of and defense against atomic weapons and for evaluating the atomic capabilities of a potential aggressor. Agreements of this type with our allies will greatly strengthen our common defense and security.

This Act also sets up procedures to encourage certain exchanges of non-military atomic technology. Thus it recognizes the excellence of the atomic energy programs in certain other nations, and the groundwork is laid for wider participation in the peacetime applications of atomic energy. For example, under the Act our technicians can assist friendly nations or groups of nations in building reactors for research and power.

Also reflected in the new law is the fervent desire of our people to proceed with a plan for an International Atomic Energy Agency which would advance the peacetime applications of atomic energy, as we proposed last December to the United Nations. Although progress on this plan has been impeded by Soviet obstruction and delay, we intend to proceed with the cooperation and participation of the Soviet Union if possible, without it if necessary.

That it is time to draw more specifically into the national atomic energy program the initiative and resources of private industry is recognized in the new law. For instance, private industry is enabled to participate more fully in the development of economic nuclear power, while the Government continues to assist this progress with basic research and the building of experimental reactors.

Debate on this legislation revealed some misunderstandings about the effect of certain of its provisions on public and private development of electrical power from the atom. I want our people to know that these provisions are designed eventually to relieve the taxpayer of the enormous cost of the commercial aspects of the enterprise, while fully protecting the public interest in atomic energy. In fact, these provisions carry into effect the 1946 policy declaration of the original Atomic Energy Act, that free competition in private enterprise should be strengthened.

As I sign this bill, I am confident that it will advance both public and private development of atomic energy-that it will thus lead to greater national strength-and that programs undertaken as a result of this new law will help us progress more rapidly to the time when this new source of energy will be wholly devoted to the constructive purposes of man.

Address by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, From Denver, Colo., "Ground-Breaking for the First Commercial Size Atomic Powerplant at Shippingport, Pa." September 6,

1954

TEXT OF THE REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT IN A CEREMONY HELD IN CONNECTION WITH THE GROUND-BREAKING FOR THE FIRST COMCERCIAL SIZE ATOMIC POWERPLANT AT SHIPPINGPORT, PA. THE PRESIDENT'S REMARKS WERE TELECAST AND BROADCAST FROM STATION KOA-TV, DENVER, COLO., MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 6,

1954

Fellow Citizens, on this Labor Day, 1954, we Americans pause to take special note of the dignity and the worth-and the tremendous accomplishment of the individual worker in our land. On this day we salute with special pride the unmatched productivity of our working men and women. All Americans are grateful for this proof of what free people can achieve.

It is our good fortune, therefore, that on this special day we take a historic step forward, opening for all of us new avenues to constructive employment, to prosperity, to respite from burdensome toil. For today, at Shippingport, Pennsylvania, we begin building our first atomic powerplant of commercial size-a plant expected to produce electricity for 100,000 people. In thus advancing toward the economic production of electricity by atomic power, mankind comes closer to fulfillment of the ancient dream of a new and a better earth.

But we do not stop with this plant, nor, indeed with our own country's hopes and dreams. Our many proposals for peaceful use of the atom have so far been cynically blocked in the councils of the world, but we shall proceed onward. We shall proceed now-under safeguards set forth in our law-to share atomic technology with others of good will.

We have just agreed with a number of other nations to go ahead now with the formation of an international agency which will foster the growth and spread of the new atomic technology for peaceful use. Atomic materials for projects sponsored by this agency will be set aside for that purpose. We hope that no nation will long stand aloof from the work of this agency.

As these arrangements are being made, we will set up a reactor school to help train representatives of friendly nations in skills needed for their own atomic programs. Discussions also will shortly take place on cooperation with countries planning to build their own research reactors.

We are, moreover, about to negotiate with the Government of Belgium on the building of an atomic power reactor in that country. On Thursday of this week, we begin talks on atomic matters with our friends in Canada. Negotiations with other friendly nations. will swiftly follow.

My friends, through such measures as these, and through knowledge we are sure to gain from this new plant we begin today, I am confident that the atom will not be devoted exclusively to the destruction of man, but will be his mighty servant and tireless benefactor.

It is, then, with profound hope and confidence-and with prayer for the future ages of mankind-that I now, by this act, begin construction of America's first commercial-size atomic powerplant.

Remarks of Lewis L. Strauss, Chairman, United States Atomic Energy Commission, at Ground-Breaking Ceremonies for First Full-Scale Nuclear Powerplant, Shippingport, Pa., September 6, 1954

Mr. Fleger, Mr. Price, Chairman Cole, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, This is a great day for us of the Atomic Energy Commission. Only a little more than a year ago, it was believed that production of commercial amounts of electrical energy from nuclear power would have to be demonstrated by the Government and by the Government alone before private industry would or could afford to take part in it.

But so rapid have been the strides in scientific and engineering achievement that here, today, the Government that is to say, the People-begin such an enterprise in partnership with industry which is more frundamentally a pioneer venture than the first railroad to penetrate the West or the first airline to span the continent.

As early as 1950-before many of the technological breakthroughs were achieved that make the start of this plant possible-American industry had already begun to ask that it be given the chance to explore the engineering and economic feasibility of developing nuclear power.

This opportunity was afforded in 1951 when the Commission launched the industrial participation program. By 1953, the verdict. of industry was cautiously optimistic. Since then, the program has rapidly enlarged. Today, more than 60 firms great and smalland from all parts of the country, and, at their own expense, are exploring many aspects of nuclear power. By July, 1953, the Commission felt that the time was at hand when private industry could take the next step, that is to say, to build a powerplant with the Commission providing the reactor and-at the outset-carrying most of the research and development costs. Our views were made known. The response was most heartening and the result is what has brought us together on this particular spot today.

Ground breaking has always been a significant event. When the surface of the earth is altered by man, it appears to be altered forever. Even the plow furrows and the irrigation ditches of antiquity are visible to this day. This ground breaking will surely project its effects into the remotest future for, as we turn the sod for this great new enterprise of the peaceable atom, we are also breaking ground in the area of international friendship and cooperation.

Men of many friendly nations in the days to come will be welcomed to this place where we are now standing-to study, to observe, and to carry home with them the benefits of our technology, devoted solely to the arts of peace.

The realization of this fact will be a part of the incentive and of the reward to those who are participants in this project: to the Duquesne Light Company which had the faith and courage to volunteer the greatest amount of support and thus obtain this contract with the Commission; to the Westinghouse Company which is designing the great new reactor, and to us in the Atomic Energy Commission who confidently believe in the eventual dedication of the atomic power exclusively to the cause of peace.

As you surely know, the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, which deservedly bears the name of your next speaker, Congressman Cole

and of its co-author, Senator Hickenlooper, was signed by the President just a week ago today.

The President recommended its several major provisions and he has been continuously and intensely interested in its legislative course. It reaffirms the national policy enunciated in the original Act of 1946. And like that Act, it declares our paramount objective to be the common defense and security. But it differs from the earlier Act by emphasizing as our second goal, the development of atomic energy for "the promotion of world peace.'

From its inception, the Atomic Energy Commission has been concerned with peaceful developments. In spite of this, many people are still unaware of the fact that we spend large sums of money and that we engage the services of hundreds of gifted men and women who are making contributions to knowledge in fields far removed from weapons.

These fields span a wide area. They include medicine, biology, agriculture, chemistry, metallurgy, and literally scores of new industrial applications which will enrich the lives of all of us. The progress already made is clear evidence that the awesome destructive powers of the bomb can-and will be transmuted into a most powerful force for universal good.

We who work in the Atomic Energy Commission look forward to the day when the atomic materials now in the arsenals of the nations will be drawn off into a great pool to be used only for good. This was one feature of the inspiring proposal made by President Eisenhower last December. Its realization would bring fulfillment to the words of the prophet Micah, in holy writ, who foretold that one day, "swords shall be beat into plowshares."

I deeply believe that the Creator did not intend for man to evolve through the ages up to this point, only now to destroy himself. On the contrary, I have an abiding faith that Providence, in revealing the energy within the atom, intends that through the instrumentality of man's genius, it will be used to promote peace and good will on earth. In truth, had I not always firmly believed so, I could not have taken my small part in the momentous development.

Therefore, I am grateful for this privilege of association with these ceremonies today, marking so important a step toward the goal of the peaceable atom.

Remarks of Representative Sterling Cole of New York, Chairman of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, at the Ground-Breaking Ceremony for America's First Full-Scale Atomic Powerplant, Shippingport, Pa., September 6, 1954

To visit the Congressional District represented by my friend and distinguished colleague, Louis Graham, would in any case be a personal pleasure; even to be here on this historic occasion is a rare privilege; but to participate in launching this momentous project is an honor which transcends all human emotions.

For all those associated with our atomic energy program this is a day of fulfillment. It is the day for which they have labored and prayed since the birth of the atomic age. Now we are at the end of the beginning. Now we translate our hopes and dreams of using the