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§ 146.09-15 Power-operated industrial trucks.

(a) Definition. Power-operated industrial trucks are considered to be tractors, lift trucks and other specialized industrial trucks used for material handling on board a vessel. These trucks may be either vessel's equipment or stevedore's equipment.

(b) Approved power-operated industrial trucks. Where approved poweroperated industrial trucks are required by the regulations in this part, such approved trucks shall have the specific designation of a recognized testing laboratory, or a certification by the owner that the trucks meet the safety standards of a recognized testing laboratory for the specific designation. The certification shall be filed with the Captain of the Port, and shall identify each piece of equipment by make, type, serial number, and owner's identification number. Such certification shall be accompanied by an inspection report of a cargo gear inspection service or a qualified inspector acceptable to the Captain of the Port, which shall attest that the equipment complies with the safety standards required by this section. The following laboratories are recognized for the specific type designations listed:

(1) Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. (Mailing address, P.O. Box 247, Northbrook, Illinois) for trucks having recognized testing laboratory type designations E, EE, EX, G, GS, LP, LPS, D and DS.

(2) Factory Mutual Laboratories, Engineering Division, 1115 Boston-Providence Turnpike, Norwood, Massachusetts, for trucks having recognized testing laboratory type designations E, EE, EX, G, GS, LP, LPS, D and DS.

(c) Description of designations. Description of recognized testing laboratory type designations are as follows:

(1) The "E" designated units are electrically powered units that have minimum acceptable safeguards against inherent fire hazards.

(2) The "EE" designated units are electrically powered units that have, in addition to all of the requirements for the "E" units, the electric motors and all other electrical equipment completely enclosed. In certain locations the "EE" unit may be used where the use of an "E" unit may not be considered safe.

(3) The "EX" designated units are electrically powered units that differ from the "E" and "EE" units in that the

electrical fittings and equipment are so designed, constructed and assembled that the units may be used in certain atmospheres containing flammable vapors or dusts.

(4) The "G" designated units are gasoline powered units having minimum acceptable safeguards against inherent fire hazards.

(5) The "GS" designated units are gasoline powered units that are provided with additional safeguards to the exhaust, fuel and electrical systems. They may be used in some locations where the use of a "G" unit may not be considered safe.

(6) The "LP" designated units are similar to the "G" units except that they are liquefied petroleum gas engine powered instead of gasoline powered.

(7) The "LPS" designated units are units similar to the "GS" units except that liquefied petroleum gas is used for fuel instead of gasoline.

(8) The "D" designated units are units similar to the “G” units except that they are diesel engine powered instead of gasoline engine powered.

(9) The "DS" designated units are diesel powered units that are provided with additional safeguards to the exhaust, fuel and electrical systems. They may be used in some locations where a "D" unit may not be considered safe.

(d) Minimum safety features. In addition to the construction and design safety features required for approved power-operated industrial trucks, they shall have at least the following minimum safety features where applicable:

(1) Power-operated industrial trucks shall be equipped with a warning horn, whistle, or gong, or other device that can be heard clearly above the normal shipboard noises.

(2) Wherever power-operated industrial truck operation exposes the operator to danger from falling objects, the truck shall be equipped with a driver's overhead guard. Where overall height of the truck with forks in the lowered position is limited by head room conditions the overhead guard may be omitted.

NOTE: This overhead guard is only intended to offer protection from the impact of small packages, boxes, bagged material, etc., representative of the job application. It is impractical to build a guard of sufficient strength to withstand the impact of a capacity load since such a guard would constitute a safety hazard because its structure would be so large that it might interfere

with good visibility and would weigh so much that it might make the truck top-heavy and unstable.

(3) Power-operated fork lift trucks which handle small objects or unstable loads shall be equipped with a vertical load back rest or rack which shall have height, width and strength sufficient to prevent the load, or part of it, from falling toward the mast when the mast is in a position of maximum backward tilt.

(4) The forks on power-operated fork lift trucks shall be secured to the carriage so that unintentional lifting of the toe shall not occur on such application where this lifting may create a hazard. The factor of safety of forks shall be at least 3 to 1, based on the elastic limit of the material.

(5) Fork extensions or other attachments shall be suitably secured to prevent unintentional lifting or displacement on primary forks.

(6) All exposed wheels shall be provided with guards to prevent the wheels from throwing particles at the operator.

(7) Unless the steering mechanism is of a type that prevents road reactions from causing the steering handwheel to spin, the steering knob, if used, shall be of a mushroom type to engage the palm of the operator's hand, or shall be arranged in some other manner to prevent injury. The knob shall be mounted within the perimeter of the wheel.

(8) All steering controls shall be confined within the clearances of the truck, or so guarded that movement of the controls shall not result in injury to the operator when passing obstructions, stanchions, etc.

(e) Special operating conditions. (1) Notification shall be given to the master or senior deck officer on board before placing power-operated industrial trucks in use aboard the vessel.

(2) When power-operated industrial trucks are in use on board vessels subject to the regulations in this part, they shall be in a safe operating condition.

(3) Spaces exposed to carbon monoxide or other hazardous vapors from exhausts of power-operated industrial trucks shall have adequate ventilation. The senior deck officer shall see that tests of the carbon monoxide content of the atmosphere are made as frequently as conditions require to insure that dangerous concentrations do not develop. Such tests shall be made in the area in which persons are working, by persons acquainted with the test equipment and

procedure. The carbon monoxide concentration in the holds and intermediate decks where persons are working shall be maintained at not more than 50 parts per million (0.005%) as a time-weighted average, and persons shall be removed from the area if the concentration exceeds 75 parts per million (0.0075%). When necessary, portable blowers of adequate size and location shall be utilized.

(4) The parts and/or equipment of any power-operated truck requiring replacement shall be replaced only by parts and/or equipment equivalent in safety when installed with those used in the original design.

(5) Any truck that emits sparks or flames from the exhaust system shall immediately be removed from service, and not again returned to service until the cause for the emission of such sparks or flames has been eliminated.

(6) When the temperature of any part of the truck is found to be in excess of a safe operating temperature, the truck shall be removed from service until such overheating has been corrected.

(7) Operation of trucks shall be halted immediately and the engines or motors secured, whenever an emergency condition arises aboard the vessel.

(8) Operation of trucks shall be halted immediately and the engines or motors secured in the event of breakage or leakage of containers used for the carriage of flammable liquids, flammable solids or oxidizing materials.

(9) The rated capacity of a truck shall at all times be posted on the truck in a conspicuous place and such capacity shall not be exceeded.

(10) At least one approved 2-pound dry chemical hand portable fire extinguisher, or its approved equivalent, shall be affixed to the truck in a readily accessible position or kept in close proximity available for immediate use.

(11) Vessel's fire-fighting equipment, both fixed (where installed) and portable, in vicinity of space being worked shall be kept ready for immediate use.

(f) Refueling. (1) Trucks using gasoline as fuel may be refueled in the hold or on the weather deck of a vessel only when such refueling is done with an acceptable portable non-spilling fuel handling system of not over 5 gallons capacity. Transfer of gasoline to these portable non-spilling fuel handling devices is not permitted on board the vessel.

(2) Power-operated industrial trucks using liquefied petroleum gas as fuel may be refueled in the hold or on the weather deck of a vessel only when fitted with removable tanks and provided the handoperated shut-off valve of the depleted tank is closed and the engine is run until it stalls from lack of fuel before the quick disconnect fitting is opened. In addition, the quick disconnect fitting shall be attached to the fuel tank before the hand-operated shut-off valve is reopened.

(3) Power-operated industrial trucks using diesel oil as fuel may be refueled on the weather deck or in the hold of a vessel by means of portable containers of not over 5-gallon capacity. These trucks may also be refueled on the weather deck of a vessel or portable containers refilled from a larger container provided a suitable pump is used for the transfer operation and a drip pan of adequate size is supplied.

(4) Refueling shall be under the direct supervision of an experienced and responsible person specifically designated for such job by the person in charge of the loading or unloading of the vessel.

(5) No refueling shall be undertaken with less than 2 persons specifically assigned and present for the complete operation, at least one of whom shall be experienced in using the portable fire extinguishers required in the fueling area.

(6) At least one approved 4-pound dry chemical hand portable fire extinguisher, or its approved equivalent shall be provided at the scene of the fueling area. This is in addition to portable extinguisher affixed to the truck in accordance with paragraph (e) (10) of this section.

(7) The location for refueling trucks shall be designated by the master or senior deck officer on board the vessel. "No Smoking" signs shall be posted in the area and smoking shall be prohibited.

(8) The location designated for refueling shall be adequately ventilated so as to insure against accumulation of a hazardous concentration of vapors. The ventilation requirements of paragraph (e) (3) of this section when trucks are operating shall also apply when trucks are being refueled.

(9) Truck engines of all trucks in the same hold shall be stopped before any truck in that hold is refueled and before any fuel handling devices or unmounted liquefied petroleum gas cylinders are placed in the hold.

(10) All fuel handling devices and unmounted liquefied petroleum gas containers shall be removed from the hold before any truck engine is started and the trucks again placed in operation.

(g) Replacing batteries. Batteries for electrically powered industrial trucks and for the ignition systems of internal combustion engine-powered industrial trucks may be changed in the hold of a vessel provided the following conditions are met:

(1) Suitable handling equipment shall be employed.

(2) Adequate precautions shall be taken to avoid damage to the battery, short circuiting of the battery, and spillage of the electrolyte.

Batteries

(h) Charging of batteries. of electrically powered industrial trucks may be recharged in a hold of a vessel provided the following conditions are met:

(1) The batteries shall be housed in a suitable, ventilated, portable metal container with a suitable outlet at the top for connection of a portable air hose, or shall be placed directly beneath a suitable metal hood with a suitable outlet at the top for connection of a portable air hose. The air hose shall be permanently connected to an exhaust duct leading to the open deck and terminate in a gooseneck or other suitable weather head. natural ventilation is not practicable or adequate, mechanical means of exhaust shall be employed in conjunction with the duct. The air outlet on the battery container shall be equipped with an interlock switch so arranged that the changing of the battery cannot take place unless the air hose is properly connected to the box.

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(2) If mechanical ventilation is used, an additional interlock shall be provided between the fan and the charging circuit so that the fan must be in operation in order to complete the charging circuit for operation. It is preferable that this interlock switch be of a centrifugal type driven by the fan shaft.

(3) The hold shall not contain any cargo coming under the regulations prescribed in this subchapter.

(4) The charging facilities may be part of the truck equipment or may be separate from the truck and located inside or outside the cargo hold. The supply or charging circuit (whichever method is used) shall be connected to the truck by a portable plug connection of

the break-away type. This portable plug shall be so engaged with the truck battery charging outlet that any movement of the truck away from the charging station will break the connection between the plug and receptacle without exposing any live parts to contact with a conducting surface or object, and without the plug falling to the deck where it may become subject to injury.

(5) All unmounted batteries shall be suitably protected or removed from an area in the hold of the vessel before trucks are operated in that area.

(i) Stowage of power-operated industrial trucks aboard a vessel. (1) Poweroperated industrial trucks may be stowed in any location aboard a vessel provided the following conditions are met:

(i) Gasoline powered trucks shall have all the fuel expended from the system.

(ii) Liquefied petroleum gas powered trucks shall have the fuel tanks removed and all the fuel expended from the system.

(2) Power-operated industrial trucks not meeting the conditions set forth in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph shall be stowed on the open deck except for intervals such as lunch hours, between work shifts, interdock and intraport movements. If stowed in a fixed metal enclosure located on or above the weather deck, such enclosure shall have access from the weather deck only and shall have adequate ventilation, so arranged as to remove vapors from both the upper and lower portions of the space.

(j) Stowage of fuel handling devices aboard a vessel. (1) Flammable liquids and gases to be used as fuels for poweroperated industrial trucks shall be marked, labeled and stowed as follows:

(i) They shall be stowed in DOT specification containers, A.S.M.E. containers

§ 146.10-3 Barges classified.

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(iii) Containers shall be stowed on or above the weather deck in locations designated by the master. DOT specification containers, A.S.M.E. containers, or portable safety containers having the approval of a recognized testing laboratory may be stowed below the weather deck in a paint or lamp locker provided such containers do not exceed 5 gallons capacity each.

(2) Diesel fuel shall be stowed in locations designated by the master. [CGFR 61-44, 26 F.R. 11017, Nov. 23, 1961, as amended by CGFR 67-23, 32 F.R. 8149, June 7, 1967; CGFR 69-72, 34 F.R. 17489, Oct. 29, 1969]

Subpart 146.10-Barges

SOURCE: The provisions of this Subpart 146.10 contained in Order 74, 6 F.R. 280, Jan. 11, 1941, unless otherwise noted. § 146.10-1 Barge defined. § 146.03-36.)

(See

§ 146.10-2 Application of regulations. In the transportation of explosives or other dangerous articles or substances on board barges the provisions of the regulations in this part applying to cargo vessels are applicable to barges unless specifically exempted and except as to stowage. Stowage shall be in accordance with the provisions shown in the table in § 146.1050.

(a) Various types of "barges" are for the purpose of the regulations in this part classified as follows:

Class "A" Barges

AA Hull constructed of steel or wood, completely decked over and stowing cargo "On deck in open" only.

AB Hull constructed of steel or wood, completely decked over, fitted with cargo hatches, ceiled holds, and capable of stowing cargo "Under deck” or “On deck in open".

Class "A" Barges-Continued

AO Hull constructed of steel or wood, completely decked over with superstructure house covering the deck and fitted with cargo hatches or cargo doors, and capable of stowing cargo "On deck in open”, “Under deck" in ceiled holds or "On deck within the house".

AD Hull constructed of steel or wood, completely decked over, fitted with cargo hatches, with or without superstructure house covering the deck, and capable of stowing cargo "On deck” or "On deck within the house" or "Under deck”, having holds that are not ceiled.

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BA Hull constructed of steel or wood with partial deck at ends and/or sides, fitted with hatches with or without coaming and having celled holds and loading cargo “Under deck” only.

BB Hull constructed of steel or wood with partial deck at ends and/or sides, with open ceiled hold or holds.

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BC Hull constructed of steel or wood with partial deck at ends and/or sides, with or without hatches and having hold or holds without ceiling.

Class "C" Barges

CA Hull constructed of steel or wood, completely decked over and stowing cargo “On deck in open" only, fitted with cargo mast and boom, and machinery for cargo handling, with or without house or houses on deck.

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