Mr. O'DONNELL. If I remember correctly, we had something about executing affidavits in the last war, legislation providing for an affidavit, or some such legislation was in effect during the period of the last war, I mean they enacted legislation that was put through later, but it had a part in the breaking up of the unions in 1921. I will have to look into that, but your mentioning that brings up the question. Mr. WELCH. What was that organization they set up?

The CHAIRMAN. You are talking about the Seamen's Bureau?
Mr. WELCH. The Seamen's Bureau; yes.

Mr. O'DONNELL. I will have to check up further on that, but they had the signing of affidavits, and so forth, and when you took that before the membership of one of these organizations they would immediately say that is what we did last time, and what did we get out of it! Their memory is long enough to go back to what happened to us before, and I do not think it would accomplish what you want to accomplish.

Mr. RAMSPECK. Mr. O'Donnell, the thing that concerns me about your testimony is, apparently, you take the position that your organization is not interested, and does not conceive that it owes any duty to this country to keep out of its organization members of a subversive organization. Do I correctly understand you in that?

Mr. O'DONNELL. No; that is not correct, Mr. Ramspeck. In fact, they won't be allowed in the organization. If you can prove that anyone in our organization is, we will take care of them.

Mr. RAMSPECK. Then I misunderstood you. I understood you to say that anyone who is an American citizen, or who is entitled to citizenship, would be taken into your organization regardless of what his views were.

Mr. O'DONNELL. What I say is this, Mr. Ramspeck, our union, if it is proven any man is definitely sabotaging the union and the country, we will certainly get rid of him. We will get rid of him ourselves.

Mr. RAMSPECK. Do the members of your union have to have a certificate from the Government in order to work on a ship?

Mr. O'DONNELL. Yes, sir; the members of our union have to have a certificate of identification.

Mr. PETERSON. Mr. O'Donnell, are you not locking the door after the horse is stolen if you insist that he first be proved to be a member of such an organization? If you take him into your organization when there may be some doubt about it and then get him in, and he does some act of sabotage and then is found out, you reflect on your union by reason of having had him in it. Would it not be better to make a careful examination before admitting him into your organization?

Mr. O'DONNELL. We do. A man has to be passed on by a committee that is elected from the floor and he has to be passed on by the membership. Anyone can get up and say, "We do not want Joe Slovok," for such and such a reason, and if they have a good reason membership has been denied in such cases.

Mr. PETERSON. What vote does it take to exclude a man from membership in your organization?

Mr. O'DONNELL. That is, to exclude one who is a member?

Mr. PETERSON. No; to keep him from becoming a member.

Mr. O'DONNELL. That is just a majority vote.

Mr. PETERSON. A majority vote?

Mr. O'DONNELL. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. A majority vote to reject him?

Mr. O'DONNELL. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. And then what is required subsequently to expel him?

Mr. O'DONNELL. A two-thirds vote is required to expel a man who is a member.

The CHAIRMAN. Just one other point that I want to get clear that does not deal with subversive activities. Does your rotation. system interfere in any way with a man remaining on a ship in continuous employment, where he has extended service on the ship, where he likes the ship, and the ship's officials like him?

Mr. O'DONNELL. A man can stay on one ship as long as he likes. The CHAIRMAN. He does not rotate in such a case?

Mr. O'DONNELL. No; absolutely not; he has a right to stay there as long as he wants to stay, as long as he and the company agree on the contract.

The CHAIRMAN. Are there any other questions? All right, stand aside; we will adjourn until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. Thank you very much.

(The chart previously referred to and other pertinent data subsequently furnished by Mr. O'Donnell are shown as follows:)

Recommendations similar to the above were first submitted to the regular headquarters meeting March 14. They were referred to a committee of 5 members to study and change.
The committee heard suggestions, criticism and comment from 40 or 50 members, and on the basis of their criticism and suggestions brought in the above-revised schedule for uniform
penalties, to the meeting of March 21. The meeting ordered that it be posted on the bulletin board for 3 weeks-until April-and then brought to the meeting. It was left there unti
July 11 to allow ample time for amendments. During this time there were further suggestions and changes. The regular headquarters meeting of July 11, 1940, adopted unanimously
the proposals as outlined.

Explanation: This proposed schedule for uniform penalties was approved by the regular headquarters meeting. It will be laid before each trial committee at headquarters, as a
guide or yardstick, in order that headquarters committees which are unfamiliar with the usual procedure or precedent of the union will deal airly with all charges brought before it.
From now on, all members guilty of similar offenses against the union will be similarly dealt with. That is, if two different members are found guilty of drunkenness on the job,
first offense, the committee will know that its minimum recommendation in each case should be a $5 fine, and not a $5 fine for one and expulsion for the other, unless the committee is
able to show clearly a very good reason for such a recommendation.
It is generally agreed that better discipline must be kept, especially aboard ship, and that unless the union disciplines itself the shipowners will do it for us. We have had enough
examples of the legislation already proposed by employer groups for disciplining and hamstringing workers, therefore we feel that such a proposal as the above outlined is a progressive
move forward for the general benefit of the membership of the Marine Cooks, and Stewards, Association.

1 Refer to constitution-art. XIV, sec. 1.

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE MARINE COOKS' AND STEWARDS' ASSOCIATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST

OBLIGATION

I pledge my honor as a man that I will be faithful to the Marine Cooks' and Stewards' Association, that I will work for its interest and will look upon every member as my brother; I promise that I will never work for less than the wages set by this Association, and that I will obey all orders of this Association; I promise that I shall never reveal the proceedings of this Association to its injury or to people who have no right to know the same, and if I break this promise I ask every brother here to treat me with contempt and unworthy of friendship or acquaintance. So help me God.

Signature of Member, Book Number.

PREAMBLE

Recognizing that organization is the only means by which seamen may hope for amelioration of the many evils attending our calling, and for the purpose of further organization, strengthening it where it already exists and bringing into closer relations the component parts of our calling, we have organized the Marine Cooks' and Stewards' Association of the Pacific Coast; and having in view that we are migratory, that our work takes us away in different directions from any place where the majority might otherwise meet to act; that meetings can have present only a fraction of the membership; that the absent members, who cannot be present, must have their interests guarded, and that those who are present may act for and in the interest of all; that in order to safeguard the interests of this Association as herein proposed, our Constitution and By-Laws must be simple, concise, and directed toward the preservation and protection of the unity and strength resulting from our association, the Constitution and By-Laws of the Marine Cooks' and Stewards' Association of the Pacific Coast are hereby amended to read:

ARTICLE I

SECTION 1. This organization shall be known as the Marine Cooks' and Stewards' Association of the Pacific Coast.

ARTICLE II. MEMBERSHIP

SECTION 1. The only persons eligible to membership in this Union shall be all members of the stewards' department who are eligible to citizenship under the laws of the United States of America, and who are engaged in the shipping trade of the United States of America.

SEC. 2. Candidates for membership shall fill out a written application and appear before a committee of three full members in good standing. If the candidate is approved by this committee, he shall be issued a probationary book, subject to the approval of the next regular meeting. Any untruthful statement made in such application shall disbar the applicant from either probationary or full membership at any time.

SEC. 3. Members joining this Union shall receive probationary cards, which they may hold for one (1) year, and must show eight (8) months discharges before they are entitled to full membership. All such probationary members who are of foreign birth must have declared their intentions to become American citizens before they are entitled to full membership.

SEC. 4. Any probationary member having been found wanting in his duties as a Union man shall not be admitted to full membership, but may be either barred entirely from membership or granted another term of probation, according to the decision of the Union in regular meeting.

SEC. 5. Probationary members shall have voice, but no vote at the meetings of this Union; however, at meetings of the membership of this Union aboard vessels, probationary members of this Union shall be entitled to both voice and vote in matters pertaining to their particular vessel.

SEC. 6. The Initiation Fee into this Union shall be Twenty-five Dollars ($25.00). SEC. 7. No person shall be eligible for membership in this organization who is not a capable craftsman, nor shall persons holding membership in any club, association, or society, that in any way seeks to engage in similar functions as our