are possessed thereunder, the possession limit for each is determined as follows: For each radionuclide, determine the ratio of the quantity possessed to the applicable quantity specified in §33.100, Schedule A, Column I, for that radionuclide. The sum of the ratios for all radionuclides possessed under the license shall not exceed unity.

(c) A "Type C specific license of broad scope" is a specific license authorizing receipt, acquisition, ownership, possession, use, and transfer of any chemical or physical form of byproduct material specified in §33.100, Schedule A, for purposes authorized by the Act. The possession limit for a Type C broad license, if only one radionuclide is possessed thereunder, is the quantity specified for that radionuclide in §33.100, Schedule A, Column II. If two or more radionuclides are possessed thereunder, the possession limit is determined for each as follows: For each radionuclide determine the ratio of the quantity possessed to the applicable quantity specified in §33.100, Schedule A, Column II, for that radionuclide. The sum of the ratios for all radionuclides possessed under the license shall not exceed unity.

(Sec. 161, as amended, Pub. L. 83-703, 68 Stat. 948 (42 U.S.C. 2201); sec. 201, as amended, Pub. L. 93-438, 88 Stat. 1243 (42 U.S.C. 5841))

[33 FR 14579, Sept. 28, 1968, as amended at 43 FR 6923, Feb. 17, 1978]

§ 33.12 Applications for specific licenses of broad scope.

A person may file an application for specific license of broad scope in duplicate on NRC Form 313, "Application for Material License," in accordance with the provisions of §30.32 of this chapter.

[49 FR 27924, July 9, 1984]

§ 33.13 Requirements for the issuance of a Type A specific license of broad scope.

An application for a Type A specific license of broad scope will be approved if:

(a) The applicant satisfies the general requirements specified in § 30.33 of this chapter;

(b) The applicant has engaged in a reasonable number of activities involving the use of byproduct material; and

(c) The applicant has established administrative controls and provisions relating to organization and management, procedures, record keeping, material control, and accounting and management review that are necessary to assure safe operations, including:

(1) The establishment of a radiation safety committee composed of such persons as a radiological safety officer, a representative of management, and persons trained and experienced in the safe use of radioactive materials;

(2) The appointment of a radiological safety officer who is qualified by training and experience in radiation protection, and who is available for advice and assistance on radiological safety matters; and

(3) The establishment of appropriate administrative procedures to assure: (i) Control of procurement and use of byproduct material;

(ii) Completion of safety evaluations of proposed uses of byproduct material which take into consideration such matters as the adequacy of facilities and equipment, training and experience of the user, and the operating or handling procedures; and

(iii) Review, approval, and recording by the radiation safety committee of safety evaluations of proposed uses prepared in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section prior to use of the byproduct material.

§ 33.14 Requirements for the issuance of a Type B specific license of broad

scope.

An application for a Type B specific license of broad scope will be approved if:

(a) The applicant satisfies the general requirements specified in § 30.33 of this chapter; and

(b) The applicant has established administrative controls and provisions relating to organization and management, procedures, record keeping, material control and accounting, and management review that are necessary to assure safe operations, including:

(1) The appointment of a radiological safety officer who is qualified by training and experience in radiation protection, and who is available for advice and assistance on radiological safety matters; and

(2) The establishment of appropriate administrative procedures to assure: (i) Control of procurement and use of byproduct material;

(ii) Completion of safety evaluations of proposed uses of byproduct material which take into consideration such matters as the adequacy of facilities and equipment, training and experience of the user, and the operating or handling procedures; and

(iii) Review, approval, and recording by the radiological safety officer of safety evaluations of proposed uses prepared in accordance with paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section prior to use of the byproduct material.

$33.15 Requirements for the issuance of a Type C specific license of broad scope.

An application for a Type C specific license of broad scope will be approved if:

(a) The applicant satisfies the general requirements specified in §30.33 of this chapter; and

(b) The applicant submits a statement that byproduct material will be used only by, or under the direct supervision of, individuals who have received:

(1) A college degree at the bachelor level, or equivalent training and experience, in the physical or biological sciences or in engineering; and

(2) At least 40 hours of training and experience in the safe handling of radioactive materials, and in the characteristics of ionizing radiation, units of radiation dose and quantities, radiation detection instrumentation, and biological hazards of exposure to radiation appropriate to the type and forms of byproduct material to be used; and

(c) The applicant has established administrative controls and provisions relating to procurement of byproduct material, procedures, record keeping, material control and accounting, and management review necessary to assure safe operations.

§33.16 Application for other specific li

censes.

An application filed pursuant to part 30 of this chapter for a specific license other than one of broad scope will be considered by the Commission as an application for a specific license of broad scope under this part if the requirements of the applicable sections of this part are satisfied.

§ 33.17 Conditions of specific licenses of broad scope.

(a) Unless specifically authorized pursuant to other parts of this chapter, persons licensed under this part shall not:

(1) Conduct tracer studies in the environment involving direct release of byproduct material;

(2) Receive, acquire, own, possess, use, transfer, or import devices containing 100,000 curies or more of byproduct material in sealed sources used for irradiation of materials;

(3) Conduct activities for which a specific license issued by the Commission under part 32, 34, or 35 of this chapter is required; or

(4) Add or cause the addition of byproduct material to any food, beverage, cosmetic, drug, or other product designed for ingestion or inhalation by, or application to, a human being.

(b) Each Type A specific license of broad scope issued under this part shall be subject to the condition that byproduct material possessed under the license may only be used by, or under the direct supervision of, individuals approved by the licensee's radiation safety committee.

(c) Each Type B specific license of broad scope issued under this part shall be subject to the condition that byproduct material possessed under the license may only be used by, or under the direct supervision of, individuals approved by the licensee's radiological safety officer.

(d) Each Type C specific license of broad scope issued under this part shall be subject to the condition that byproduct material possessed under the license may only be used by, or under the direct supervision of, individuals who satisfy the requirements of §33.15 of this part.

(a) The Commission may obtain an injunction or other court order to prevent a violation of the provisions of— (1) The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended;

(2) Title II of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, as amended; or

(3) A regulation or order issued pursuant to those Acts.

(b) The Commission may obtain a court order for the payment of a civil penalty imposed under section 234 of the Atomic Energy Act:

(1) For violations of

(i) Sections 53, 57, 62, 63, 81, 82, 101, 103, 104, 107, or 109 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended;

(ii) Section 206 of the Energy Reorganization Act;

(iii) Any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to the sections specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section;

(iv) Any term, condition, or limitation of any license issued under the sections specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section.

(2) For any violation for which a license may be revoked under section 186 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended.

[57 FR 55073, Nov. 24, 1992]

§ 33.23 Criminal penalties.

(a) Section 223 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, provides for criminal sanctions for willful violation of, attempted violation of, or conspiracy to violate, any regulation issued under sections 161b, 161i, or 1610 of the Act. For purposes of section 223, all the regulations in part 33 are issued under one or more of sections 161b, 161i, or 1610, except for the sections listed in paragraph (b) of this section.

(b) The regulations in part 33 that are not issued under sections 161b, 161i, or 1610 for the purposes of section 223 are as follows: §§ 33.1, 33.8, 33.11, 33.12, 33.13, 33.14, 33.15, 33.16, 33.21, 33.23 and 33.100.

[57 FR 55073, Nov. 24, 1992]

Gadolinium-153

Gadolinium-159

§ 34.1 Purpose and scope.

This part prescribes requirements for the issuance of licenses for the use of sealed sources containing byproduct material and radiation safety requirements for persons using these sealed sources in industrial radiography. The provisions and requirements of this part are in addition to, and not in substitution for, other requirements of this chapter. In particular, the requirements and provisions of 10 parts 19, 20, 21, 30, 71, 150, 170, and 171 of this chapter apply to applications and licenses subject to this part. This rule does not apply to medical uses of byproduct material.

$34.3 Definitions.

ALARA (acronym for "as low as is reasonably achievable") means making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits specified in 10 CFR part 20 as is practical consistent with the purpose for which the licensed activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of nuclear energy and licensed materials in the public interest.

Annual refresher safety training means a review conducted or provided by the licensee for its employees on radiation