The average length of time they spent in the station was about 3.25 hours. Expressed somewhat differently, half of them were there for less than 3 hours, one-quarter of them from 3 to 51⁄2 hours, and one-quarter for more than 51⁄2 hours. The fact that 25 percent of those interviewed had been, or would remain in the station for a period in excess of 5 hours furnishes a clue to the extent of need for additional facilities. Had this percentage been small, and had it been found that the great bulk of the men were in the station for relatively short periods of time, the conclusion could speedily have been reached that no real problem existed.

In answer to the question as to whether they would use sleeping or napping facilities if available, while 56.4 percent said they would use napping facilities and 49.7 percent sleeping facilities, their replies seemed to depend upon two factors: 1. The length of their stay in the station, and 2. The time of day at which the question was asked. Of those asked regarding sleeping facilities between noon and 6 p. m. less than 35 percent said they would use them. On the other hand almost 64 percent of those asked between midnight and 6 a. m. answered the question affirmatively. The time of day did not seem to enter into the same extent in answering the question regarding napping facilities, although even here the time of day at which the question was asked appeared to have some effect on the reply given. Table 2 shows a percentage distribution of replies given by time of interview.

TABLE 2.-Percentage distribution of answers to inquiry regarding use of facilities, by time of interview

Interestingly enough there was less uncertainty in replies made between noon and 6 p. m. on the question of napping, but considerably more uncertainty on the question of sleeping facilities at this time. Another point of interest is that while the highest percentage of affirmative replies to the question concerning sleeping facilities was given during the hours of midnight to 6 a. m., there is virtually no difference in the percentage of affirmative replies given to the napping question between the two periods, midnight to 6 a. m. and 6 a. m. to noon. This would seem to indicate that napping facilities would be used quite extensively at times other than normal sleeping hours.

A corresponding difference seems to be shown between the anticipated use of sleeping and napping facilities in relation to the length of times these men remain in the station. An affirmative reply was given by a majority of those interviewed at the various time intervals, except those in the station less than 1 hour, in answer to the napping question. However, on the sleeping question, replies of those in the station 6 hours or more showed an affirmative answer for the majority. Table 3 gives the percentage of replies by length of time in the station.

TABLE 3.—Percentage distribution of answers to inquiry regarding use of facilities; by length of time in station

This would seem to indicate that napping facilities would be used by men whose stay in the station was relatively short, if such facilities were provided.

APPLICATION OF OPINION DATA TO STATION COUNT

It is necessary to assume, in utilizing the data secured by the opinion survey, that the servicemen interviewed were representative of the total servicemen in the station and that their needs and interests are fairly typical of servicemen in general. Operating under this assumption material secured from the interviews has been applied to the station count.

On the matter of possible duplication and turn-over in the persons represented by the station count, already referred to, application of the information secured on length of time in the station makes possible a very rough estimate of the correction necessary. It is estimated that over any 8-hour period roughly 65 percent of the men will be counted for the first time. Consequently if there is an average of 537 men in the station at any given time this can, for all practical purposes, be regarded as 350 different men. This adjustment is extremely important in attempting to arrive at an estimate of the number of different men who would use sleeping or napping facilities if these were made available.

Since approximately 65 percent of those interviewed between the hours of midnight and 6 a. m. said they would use sleeping facilities, it can be assumed that a similar percentage of those in the station between the hours of midnight and 8 a. m., the nearest interval provided by the count, would make use of such a facility. The adjusted average number of men in the station during that period is estimated at 350. Thus about 225 servicemen could be expected to use such a facility between the hours of midnight and 8 a. m. Since the method of making the count resulted in a heavy weighting of the week-end period, this number would represent the peak load per night over the week end. A sufficient number of counts were not made at the proper intervals to provide a reliable estimate of the weekday loads. It seems likely, however, that fewer accommodations would be needed during the week. But the peak load is the important figure since facilities would need to be constructed to care for the greatest number anticipated. From an examination of the opinion survey material it is evident that replies were obtained from the same persons on both the question of napping facilities and that of sleeping facilities, without any record of preference. Since the same person could not use both types of facility at the same time there is obviously overlapping in the replies. It is necessary at this point, therefore, to resort to further estimating to determine what proportion of the facilities should be for napping purposes and what proportion for sleeping. It can be assumed that the total need is for accommodations for 225 men. The type of accommodations can

perhaps be determined on the basis of the anticipated length of stay. Since half of the servicemen were in the station for less than 3 hours, it would seem reasonable to assume that half the accommodation needed could be satisfied with facilities for napping.

Thus the results of the survey would seem to indicate that at the time the survey was made a maximum of approximately 225 men could have used sleeping or napping accommodation, and that the type of accommodations used would have been roughly half of one type and half of the other.

INCREASE IN TRAFFIC SINCE TIME OF SURVEY

As indicated, the survey was made in the third week in March. There is some evidence to show that the number of servicemen passing through the station 'since that time has been on the increase. A count of all persons entering the United Service Organizations lounge in the station is made daily. This count for the third week in March was 20,911. The count for the corresponding week in each subsequent month through June was as follows April, 25,646; May, 30,537; June, 33,191.

The increase in traffic in the lounge from March to June is substantial, amounting to almost 59 percent. At this rate of increase by the month of June sleeping and napping accommodations would appear to be needed for something in excess of 350 men. The lounge count does not represent, however, a true increase in the number of persons using the lounge. It is fair to assume there is some inand-out traffic by the same persons. A number of factors would influence the extent of this in-and-out traffic, such as crowded condition of the lounge. This percentage increase could only be used as reflecting the increase in station traffic if it could be assumed that the ratio of in-and-out traffic to the number of different persons using the lounge remained constant over the period. Since there is some liklihood that greater numbers resulted in a greater proportion of in-andout traffic, it seems probable that the percetnage increase in lounge count is greater than the actual increase in servicemen using the station.

Since all there is to go on is a maximum figure of about 350 men, as a revised estimate of men who would make use of napping and sleeping facilities, and there is reasonable presumption that such a figure is too high, little more than a guess can be made of the effect of increased traffic. On quite an arbitrary basis, therefore, it is suggested that accommodations for a maximum of about 300 men might suffice to care for their needs, half of the accommodations being for napping and half for sleeping.

TABLE I.-Relation of men sleeping to total in station at spaced intervals from Mar. 19, 12 noon, with 1 interval added on Mar. 23 to complete the sequence

TABLE II.-Relation of men sleeping to total in station from Mar. 19, 8 p. m., to Mar. 21, p. m.

TABLE III.—Relation of men sleeping to total in station from Mar. 20, 8 p. m., to Mar. 21, 8 p. m.

TABLE IV.-Relation of men sleeping to total in station from Mar. 21, 8 p. m., to Mar. 22, 8 a. m.

If sleeping facilities were available, would you have used them?
No.

Yes.

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Waking.
Lounging or

Preparing to

If there were a place here to take a nap, would you use it?
At time of interview, person interviewed was:

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The CHAIRMAN. Then I should like to put into the record a letter which I received from the Architect of the Capitol, which deals with this subject, and this proposal, at some length. (The letter referred to is as follows)

Hon. FRANCIS MALONEY,

ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL, Washington, D. C., October 16, 1943.

Chairman, Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds,

United States Senate, Washington, D. C.

MY DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: In compliance with your request, I am submitting the following report relative to Senate Concurrent Resolution 19, Seventy-eighth Congress, to provide temporary sleeping quarters in the legislative garage for men of the armed services.

The legislative garage is an underground structure 520 feet long and 204 feet wide at its widest point, with an interior height of about 10 feet in the clear. It has a concrete floor resting directly on the earth, which slopes gradually upward from the west (or New Jersey Avenue) end to the east (or Delaware Avenue) end, and contains approximately 72,000 square feet of floor space. It is connected to the Senate Office Building by a pedestrian subway.

The garage has been occupied since July 7, 1932. Its maintenance and use is controlled by the act of June 30, 1932 (47 Stat. 391), which provides:

"Hereafter the underground space in the north extension of the Capitol Grounds shall be under the jurisdiction and control of the Architect of the Capitol, subject to such regulations respecting the use thereof as may be promulgated by the joint action of the Vice President of the United States and the Speaker of the House of Representatives."

The present regulations governing the use of the garage, promulgated by the Vice President of the United States and the Speaker of the House of Representatives December 1, 1938, require that the garage shall be used, insofar as space is available, to provide parking accommodations for: (a) Governmentowned trucks and automobiles maintained for the official use of the Senate, the House of Representatives, and the Architect of the Capitol, including the equipment used in the maintenance of the Capitol Grounds; (b) privately owned cars which are the personal property of Members of the United States Senate or the House of Representatives.