Mr. SHRIVER. I do not remember that figure. In what context did that come up?

Mr. CONWAY. I used the figure yesterday in connection with new nonprofessional jobs that had been created by these programs. Some 35,000 directly as a result of community action programs being funded on the whole host of activities. I forget what the figure is in Head Start but it is 46,000.

Mr. DUNCAN. There is the need for semiprofessional people whose services are required by these programs?

Mr. CONWAY. Yes, sir. We made special emphasis on trying to obtain as many of these people from the target areas directly. So they are in effect getting a multiplier effect from the grants that are being made.

Mr. DUNCAN. Did I understand also that some of your Job Corps people as they get out of the Job Corps are being hired in the Job Corps?

Mr. SHRIVER. Yes, sir.

Mr. DUNCAN. Are we going to have a self-perpetuating, selfenergizing organization here that will create its own jobs for these people?

Dr. SINGLETARY. It would create some and I would hope there are lots of ways. A boy who goes through this program and does well is ideally suited for a job and there is no reason why he should not be hired.

CONSERVATION CAMPS AS PREPARATION FOR JOBS

Mr. DUNCAN. Do you anticipate your conservation camps will accomplish much from the point of job training? The chairman discussed yesterday the point of going into craft unions.

Dr. SINGLETARY. I think it will do a considerable amount in the way of job training, some specific and precise things. In the clerical area, food service and cooking area.

Mr. DUNCAN. You are talking about the conservation camps?

Dr. SINGLETARY. Absolutely. Every one of them has a nucleus of boys working under the two cooks in helping to prepare food every day.

Mr. DUNCAN. Some of my people have the feeling that you are going to have a lot of brush choppers coming out of those conservation camps. We have plenty of them down there already.

Mr. FOGARTY. There is a lot more going to come out of it.

Dr. SINGLETARY. I think so.

Mr. DUNCAN. I am talking about the conservation camps.

Dr. SINGLETARY. Absolutely. Also, remember that inside the program there is transferability; a boy who spends some time in the conservation center might very well transfer to a urban center later on.

JOBS FOR

NONPROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES IN COMMUNITY ACTION

PROGRAMS

Mr. SHRIVER. Congressman, there is a report here which we can submit for the record which shows that there are 24,690 nonprofessional employees in jobs in community action programs-the subprofessional type people. It is broken down by every State in the

Union and every one giving the number of people that are employed. I would say 95 percent of these are poor people. Would you like that? Mr. DUNCAN. Put it in the record. Are there too many of them? Mr. FOGARTY. Put it in the record.

(The report follows:)

JOBS FOR NONPROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES IN COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMS As of June 30, 1965, UNDER SECTION 205, PUBLIC LAW 88-452

INTRODUCTION

The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 clearly provides that beneficiaries of community action programs shall play a meaningful role in the planning and operation of services and programs aimed at eradicating poverty. The direct employment of nonprofessionals on the staff of community agencies both supports this requirement and provides opportunities for the residents of the areas and members of the groups served for genuine participation.

As can be seen from the job descriptions below, this effort is directed at extending services, relieving shortages, providing new and different services, and most important of all, involving the very people to be helped in activities aimed at providing solutions to the problems of poverty.