and lord Lambert, were appointed a committee to inquire into his conduct, and take his examination, which in January following was transmitted to the king.

During the remainder of the troubles, sir James remained firm to the king's interest, and zealously adhered to the marquis of Ormond, who ever after entertained a great affection for him. He continued, in Dublin, till the marquis, by the king's orders, surrendered that place to the parliamentary power in June 1647. At this time sir James Ware was considered as a man of such consequence, that the parliament insisted on his being one of the hostages for the performance of the treaty; and accordingly he repaired, with the earl of Roscommon, and col. Arthur Chichester, to the committee for the management of Irish affairs at Derby-house, London; but as soon as the treaty was concluded, and the hostages permitted to depart, he returned to Dublin, and lived for some time in a private station, being deprived of his employment of auditor- general. He was, however, disturbed in this retirement by Michael Jones, the governor of Dublin, who, jealous of his character and consequence, sent him a peremptory order to depart the city, and transport himself beyond seas into what country he pleased, except England. Having chosen France for the place of his exile, Jones furnished him with a pass for himself, his eldest son, and one servant, signed April 4, 1649. He landed at St. Malo's, whence he removed not long after to Caen in Normandy, and then to Paris, and contracted an acquaintance there with some of the literati, and particularly with Bochart, whose works he much esteemed, and thought his "Hierozoicon" a suitable present for the library of the university of Dublin. After continuing in France about two years, he left it in 1651, and by licence from the parliament came to London on private business, and two years after went to Ireland to look after his estates.

Having now leisure to prosecute his favourite studies, the return to which was now consoling as well as gratifying, he took several journeys to London to publish them, the art of printing being at that time in a very low condition in Ireland. In May 1654 he published the first edition of his antiquities, under the title of " De Hibernia et antiquitatibus ejus Disquisitiones," Lond. 8vo, and a much enlarged and corrected edition in 1658. He also collected the works ascribed to St. Patrick, and published them, with

notes, under the title "Opuscula Sancto Patricio, qui Hibernos ad fidem Christi convertit, adscripta, &c." Lond. 1656, 8vo.

On the restoration, he was, by special order from his majesty, replaced in his office of auditor-general, and a parliament being summoned in May 1661, he was unanimously elected representative of the university of Dublin. He was very instrumental in the parliamentary grant of 30,000l. to the marquis, now duke, of Ormond, who distinguished him in a very particular manner. By his grace's interest, he was made one of the four commissioners of appeal in causes of the excise, and new impost raised by the statute of 14th and 15th Charles II. with a salary of 150%. He was also appointed one of the commissioners for the execution of the king's declaration for the settlement of the kingdom, and for the satisfaction of the several interests of adventurers, soldiers, and others, and was, by the king's instructions, made of the quorum in this commission, without whose presence and concurrence no act could be done in execution of the declaration. His majesty, in consideration of his faithful services for a great number of years, and perhaps not forgetting a handsome sum of money which he had sent him in his exile, was graciously pleased to offer to create him a viscount of the kingdom of Ireland, but this he refused, and likewise a baronetcy. his request, however, the king granted him two blank baronet's patents, which he filled up and disposed of to two friends, whose posterity, Harris says, "to this day enjoy the honours," but he does not mention their names.

At

Returning again to his studies, he began with some pieces of the venerable Bede, published under the title of "Venerabilis Bedæ epistolæ duæ, necnon vitæ abbatum Wiremuthensium et Gerwiensium, &c." Dublin, 1664. The same year he published the Annals of Ireland for four reigns, "Rerum Hibernicarum Annales regnantibus Henrico VII. Henrico VIII. Edwardo VI. et Maria, &c." ibid. 1664, fol.; and the year following his history of the bishops of Ireland, entitled "De Præsulibus Hiberniæ Commen-. tarius, &c." ibid. 1665, fol. He was preparing other matters respecting Ireland, but was prevented by his death which took place Dec. 1, 1666, in the seventy-third year of his age. He was buried in the church of St. Werburg, in the city of Dublin, in a vault belonging to his family. As an antiquary, sir James Ware must ever be held in

veneration by his countrymen. He was the Camden of Ireland, and was deficient only in not understanding the Irish language; yet major Vallancey observes, that considering his ignorance of that language, he did much. "His works are the outlines and materials of a great plan, which he enjoyed neither life nor abilities to finish; and it is much to be lamented that he had not the good fortune to meet with so experienced and intelligent an amanuensis as Mac Terbiss sooner." He found, however, an excellent editor in Walter Harris, esq. who married his grand-daughter, and published all his works, except the Annals of Ireland, in 1739-1745, 3 vols. fol. ornamented with engravings. These were reprinted in 1764, 2 vols. fol. a work which now bears a very high price. Sir James Ware's MS collections relative to Ireland were purchased of his heir by lord Clarendon, when lord-lieutenant in 1686, and after his death by the duke of Chandos, whom the public spirited dean of St. Patrick's in vain solicited to deposit them in the public library at Dublin. These underwent a second dispersion by public auction. Dr. Milles, dean of Exeter, whose uncle had considerable property in Ireland, purchased a large part, and deposited them in the British Museum; Dr. Rawlinson bought others, and bequeathed them to the library of St. John's-college, Oxford, and some part fell into the hands of lord Newport, chancellor of Ireland. Of these MSS. a catalogue was printed at Dublin about 1641, and another at Oxford in 1697, in the "Catalogue of MSS. of England and Ireland." Sir James was a man of a charitable disposition, and frequently contributed considerable sums of money to the relief of the indigent, especially to decayed royalists, whom he also often invited to his hospitable table. Harris says he always forgave the fees of office to widows, clergymen, and clergymen's sons, as we have already noticed; and adds, that he was frequently known to lend money, where he had no prospect of repayment, not knowing how to deny any body who asked. On one occasion, a house in Dublin, forfeited by the rebellion, being granted to him, he sent for the widow and children of the forfeiting person, and conveyed it back to them.

By his wife, sir James Ware had ten children, of whom only two sons and two daughters arrived at maturity. Of the latter, Mary was married to sir Edward Crofton, bart. and Rose to lord Lambert, afterwards earl of Cavan. His

eldest son James succeeded him in his estate and office, and married the daughter of Dixie Hickman, of Kew, in the county of Surrey, esq. and sister to Thomas lord Windsor, who was afterwards created earl of Plymouth. By a general entail raised on this marriage, the estate of the family afterwards came to an only daughter, Mary, who took for her second husband sir John St. Leger, knt. one of the barons of his majesty's court of exchequer in Ireland, in whom the estate vested. Sir James Ware's youngest son Robert was in his youth troubled with epilepsy, and afforded no hopes to his father, which induced him to consent to the general entail before mentioned; but this son afterwards recovering a vigorous state of health, sir James had little pleasure in reflecting on what he had done, and to make Robert every amends in his power, laid up 1000l. for every remaining year of his life, which was not above six or seven. Robert married Elizabeth, daughter to sir Henry Piers, of Tristernagh, in the county of Westmeath, bart, and from this marriage one only son, Henry, survived. Henry married Mary, the daughter of Peter Egerton, of Shaw, in Lancashire, esq. by whom he had two sons, and a daughter Elizabeth, married to Walter Harris, esq. editor of sir James Ware's works.

Of ROBERT WARE some farther notice must be taken, as he was a writer of considerable note in his day. He had by those writings appeared so averse to the Roman catholic interest of Ireland in the reign of Charles II. that, fearing the resentment of that party, which he had reason to believe would be severe enough, and being advised by the earl of Clarendon, then lord lieutenant, he removed with his family into England on the same day that lord Tyrconnel landed in Ireland to take upon him the government, which he continued until the revolution. Mr. Ware died March 1696, after publishing, 1. "The Examinations of Faithful Commin and Thomas Heath," &c. Dublin, 1671, 4to. 2. "The Conversion of Philip Corwine, a Franciscan Friar, to the protestant religion, in 1569," ibid. 1681, 4to. 3. "The Reformation of the Church of Ireland, in the life and death of George Brown, sometime archbishop of Dublin," ibid. 1681, 4to. This stands the first in the English edition of sir James Ware's Works, Dublin, 1705, fol. and is also reprinted in the "Phoenix," vol. I. 4. "Foxes and Firebrands; or a specimen of the danger and harmony of popery and separation; wherein is proved from undeVOL. XXXI.

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niable matter of fact and reason, that separation from the Church of England is, in the judgment of papists, and by sad experience, found the most compendious way to introduce popery, and to ruin the protestant religion, in two parts," London, 1680, 4to, Dublin, 1682, 8vo. The first part, with the examinations of Commin and Heath, was published by Dr. Johu Nalson in 1678, 8vo, and the second part was added by Mr. Robert Ware. 5. "The hunting of the Romish Fox, and the quenching of sectarian firebrands; being a specimen of popery and separation," Dublin, 1683, 8vo. 6. "Foxes and Firebrands, the third part," Lond. 1689, 8vo. 7. "Pope Joan; or an account that there was such a she-pope, proved from Romish authors before Luther," &c. ibid. 1689, 4to. Mr. Ware left also an unfinished and imperfect MS. on the history and antiquities of the city and university of Dublin. '

WARGENTIN (PETER), knight of the order of the polar star, secretary to the royal academy of sciences at Stockholm, F. R. S. one of the eight foreign members of the academy of sciences at Paris, and member of the academies of St. Petersburg, Upsal, Gottingen, Copenhagen, and Drontheim, was born Sept. 22, 1717, and became secretary to the Stockholm academy in 1749. In this country he is probably most known from his tables for computing the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites, which are annexed to the Nautical Almanac of 1779. We know not that he has published any separate work; but in the "Transactions of the Stockholm Academy," are 52 memoirs by him, besides several in the "Philosophical Transactions," and in the "Acta Societatis Upsaliensis." He died at the observatory at Stockholm, Dec. 13, 1783.2

WARHAM (WILLIAM), an eminent English prelate, archbishop of Canterbury, and lord high chancellor, the son of Robert Warham, was born of a genteel family at Okely, in Hampshire. He was educated at Winchester school, whence he was admitted a fellow of New college, Oxford, in 1475. There he took the degree of doctor of laws, and, according to Wood, left the college in 1488. In the same year he appears to have been collated to a rectorship by the bishop of Ely, and soon afterwards became an advocate in the court of arches, and principal or moderator of the

1 Harris's edition of Ware, vol. II.-Biog. Brit.-Gough's Topography. Hutton's Dict.-Eloges des Academiciens, vol. IV.