B. TEXT OF PUBLIC LAW 189, 84TH CONGRESS

AN ACT

To amend section 3 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended, to provide an increased maximum per diem allowance for subsistence and travel expenses, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section 3 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 166, as amended; 5 U. S. C. 836) is further amended by striking "$0" and inserting in lieu thereof "$12"; and by striking the period at the end thereof and adding the following additional proviso: ": And provided further, That where due to the unusual circumstances of a travel assignment within the limits of the continental United States such maximum per diem allowance would be much less than the amount required to meet the actual and necessary expenses of the trip, the heads of departments and establishments may, in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Director, Bureau of the Budget, pursuant to section 7, prescribe conditions under which reimbursement for such expenses may be authorized on an actual expense basis not to exceed a maximum amount to be specified in the travel authorization, but in any event not to exceed $25 for each day in travel status."

SEC. 2. Section 5 of the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 808; 5 U. S. C. 73b-2) is amended by striking "$10 per diem" and inserting in lieu thereof "$15 per diem within the limits of the continental United States and beyond such limits, not to exceed the rates of per diem established by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget pursuant to section 3 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended (5 U. S. C. 836)"; and by striking the period at the end thereof and adding the following additional proviso: ": And provided further, That where due to the unusual circumstances of a travel assignment within the limits of the continental United States such maximum per diem allowance would be much less than the amount required to meet the actual and necessary expenses of the trip, the heads of departments and establishments may, in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Director, Bureau of the Budget, pursuant to section 7 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949 as amended (5 U. S. C. 840) prescribe conditions under which reimbursement for such expenses may be authorized on an actual expense basis not to exceed a maximum amount to be specified in the travel authorization, but in any event not to exceed $25 for each day in travel status.". SEC. 3. The first sentence of section 1823 (a) of title 28, United States Code, is amended by striking the portion "and if travel is made by privately owned automobile mileage at a rate not to exceed 7 cents per mile, together with a per diem allowance not to exceed $9 in lieu of subsistence" and inserting in lieu thereof "or, if travel is made by privately owned automobile, at a rate not to exceed that prescribed in section 4 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, together with a per diem allowance in lieu of subsistence not to exceed the rates of per diem as described in, or established pursuant to, section 3 thereof“. SEC. 4. Section 4 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 166; 5 U. S. C. 837) is amended by striking out "4 cents" and "7 cents” and inserting "6 cents" and "10 cents", respectively, in lieu thereof. Approved July 28, 1955.

July 28, 1955 [HR. 6295]

Travel expenses.
Increase.

5 USC 840.

62 Stat. 950.

S USC 837.

VI. EMPLOYMENT ACT OF 1946 AND AMENDMENTS

A. Employment Act of 1946

(60 Stat. 23)

This act was the result of the enactment of S. 380, 79th Congress. It was approved on February 20, 1946, as Public Law 304, 79th Congress. The text of this public law appears in volume 60, Statutes at Large, pages 23-26. Its provisions are codified as 15 U.S.C. 1021

1024.

A. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF PUBLIC LAW 304, 79TH CONGRESS

1. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD REFERENCES TO DEBATES, ETC.
(Page citations are to vol. 91, Congressional Record)

S. 380: To establish a national policy and program for assuring continuing full employment in a free competitive economy, through the concerted efforts of industry, agriculture, labor, State and local governments, and the Federal Government. Mr. Murray, Mr. Wagner, Mr. Thomas of Utah, Mr. O'Mahoney, Mr. Morse, Mr. Tobey, Mr. Aiken, and Mr. Langer; Committee on Banking and Currency, 377. Reported with amendments (S. Rept. 583), 8880. Debated in Senate, 8916, 8954, 8967, 9025, 9047, 9063, 9070, 9114, 9125. Amended and passed Senate, title amended, 9153. Referred to House Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments, 9209. Reported with amendment (H. Rept. 1334), 11523. Made special order (H. Res. 449), 11966-11972. Debated in House, 11972-12027, 12063-12094. Amended and passed House; title amended, 12095. Senate disagrees to House amendments and asks for a conference, 12104. House insists upon its amendment and agreed to a conference, 12201. Conferees appointed, 12201.

(Page citations are to vol. 92, Congressional Record)

Conference report (H. Rept. 1520) submitted in House and agreed to, 975-986. Conference report submitted in Senate and agreed to, 1135-1144. Examined and signed, 1145, 1190. Presented to the President, 1192. Approved (Public Law 304), 1510.

2. SERIAL NUMBERS TO BOUND VOLUMES OF CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS RELATING TO PUBLIC LAW 304, 79TH CONGRESS

Senate Report 583, 79th Congress, 10927.

House Report 1334, 79th Congress, 10936.

House Report 1520 (conference), 79th Congress, 11022.

3. CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS RELATING TO PUBLIC LAW 304, 79TH CONGRESS

Senate Committee on Banking and Currency, 79th Congress, on S. 380: Full Employment Act of 1945, July 30, 31; August 22, 24, 28, 30, 31; September 1, 1945.

House Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments, 79th Congress, on H.R. 2202: Full Employment Act of 1945, September 25, 26, 27, 28; October 2, 9, 10, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30, 31; November 1, 5, 7, 1945.

B. TEXT OF PUBLIC LAW 304, 79TH CONGRESS

AN ACT

To declare a national policy on employment, production, and purchasing power, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SHORT TITLE

SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the "Employment Act of 1946”.

DECLARATION OF POLICY

SEO. 2. The Congress hereby declares that it is the continuing policy und responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means consistent with its needs and obligations and other essential considerations of national policy, with the assistance and cooperation of industry, agriculture, labor, and State and local governments, to coordinate and utilize all its plans, functions, and resources for the purpose of creating and maintaining, in a manner calculated to foster and promote free competitive enterprise and the general welfare, conditions under which there will be afforded useful employment opportunities, including self-employment, for those able, willing, and seeking to work, and to promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power.

ECONOMIC REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT

February 20, 1946 [8.880 Public Law 304

contents

Sno. 3. (a) The President shall transmit to the Congress within Transmittal to Corsixty days after the beginning of each regular session (commencing, p. 25. with the year 1947) an economic report (hereinafter called the "Economic Report") setting forth (1) the levels of employment, production, and purchasing power obtaining in the United States and such levels needed to carry out the policy declared in section 2; (2) current and foreseeable trends in the levels of employment, production, and purchasing power; (3) a review of the economic program of the Federal Government and a review of economic conditions affecting employment in the United States or any considerable portion thereof during the preceding year and of their effect upon employment, production, and purchasing power; and (4) a program for carrying out the policy declared in section 2, together with such recommendations for legislation as he may deem necessary or desirable.

(b) The President may transmit from time to time to the Congress Supplementary reports supplementary to the Economic Report, each of which shall include such supplementary or revised recommendations as he may deem necessary or desirable to achieve the policy declared in section 2. (c) The Economic Report, and all supplementary reports transmitted under subsection (b), shall, when transmitted to Congress, be referred to the joint committee created by section 5.

COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS TO THE PRESIDENT

Reference.

.:.

Oreation, composi

SEC. 4. (a) There is hereby created in the Executive Office of the President a Council of Economic Advisers (hereinafter called the tion, etc. "Council"). The Council shall be composed of three members who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and each of whom shall be a person who, as a result of his training, experience, and attainments, is exceptionally qualified to analyze and interpret economic developments, to appraise programs and activities of the Government in the light of the policy declared in section 2, and to formulate and recommend national economic policy

to promote employment, production, and purchasing power under free competitive enterprise. Each member of the Council shall receive compensation at the rate of $15,000 per annum. The President shall designate one of the members of the Council as chairman and one as vice chairman, who shall act as chairman in the absence of the chairman.

(b) The Council is authorized to employ, and fix the compensation of, such specialists and other experts as may be necessary for the carrying out of its functions under this Act, without regard to the civil-service laws and the Classification Act of 1923, as amended, and is authorized, subject to the civil-service laws, to employ such other officers and employees as may be necessary for carrying out its functions under this Act, and fix their compensation in accordance with the Classification Act of 1923, as amended.

(c) It shall be the duty and function of the Council

(1) to assist and advise the President in the preparation of the Economic Report;

(2) to gather timely and authoritative information concerning economic developments and economic trends, both current and prospective, to analyze and interpret such information in the light of the policy declared in section 2 for the purpose of determining whether such developments and trends are interfering, or are likely to interfere, with the achievement of such policy, and to compile and submit to the President studies relating to such developments and trends;

(3) to appraise the various programs and activities of the Federal Government in the light of the policy declared in section 2 for the purpose of determining the extent to which such programs and activities are contributing, and the extent to which they are not contributing, to the achievement of such policy, and to make recommendations to the President with respect thereto; (4) to develop and recommend to the President national economic policies to foster and promote free competitive enterprise, to avoid economic fluctuations or to diminish the effects thereof, and to maintain employment, production, and purchasing power;

(5) to make and furnish such studies, reports thereon, and recommendations with respect to matters of Federal economic policy and legislation as the President may request.

(d) The Council shall make an annual report to the President in December of each year.

(e) In exercising its powers, functions and duties under this Act(1) the Council may constitute such advisory committees and may consult with such representatives of industry, agriculture, labor, consumers, Stato and local governments, and other groups, as it deems advisable;

(2) the Council shall, to the fullest extent possible, utilize the services, facilities, and information (including statistical information) of other Government agencies as well as of private research agencies, in order that duplication of effort and expense may be avoided.

(f) To enable the Council to exercise its powers, functions, and duties under this Act, there are authorized to be appropriated (except for the salaries of the members and the salaries of officers and employees of the Council) such sums as may be necessary. For the salaries of the members and the salaries of officers and employees of the Council, there is authorized to be appropriated not exceeding $345,000 in the aggregate for each fiscal year.