APPENDIX B.-LIST OF CITIES SURVEYED BY THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION

Source: Prepared from data furnished by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

APPENDIX TABLE 2.-White pan bread: Estimated retail and wholesale prices of a 1-pound loaf, retailer's, wholesale bakers', miller's and other spreads, and estimated farm value of ingredients, years 1950-65, and months 1964-661-Continued

1 Some of these data have been revised since the table was published in Spreads in
Farm-Retail Prices of White Bread, U.S. Department of Agriculture, miscellaneous
publication 969, September 1964.

2 Average of retail prices in urban areas reported by Bureau of Labor Statistics, prices
1947-63 have been adjusted to a level comparable with prices reported for 1964.
3 Spread between retail and wholesale prices.

Derived from wholesale prices published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and trade

$ Spread between wholesale price and cost to the baker of all ingredients.
Cost of flour, shortening, nonfat dry milk, sugar, and other ingredients in a pound
of bread, adjusted to level of cost to baker as reported in the Census of Manufactures.
7 Weighted average wholesale value of 0.641 pound of several types of bread flour in
3 markets, adjusted to the level of cost to baker as reported in the Census of Manufactures.
8 Weighted average wholesale value of 0.641 pound of several types of bread flour in
3 markets, adjusted to mill sales level as reported in the Census of Manufactures.
Spread between sales value of flour and cost of wheat to miller.

10 Weighted average wholesale value in 6 markets of major classes and grades of wheat

used for milling bread flour adjusted to level of cost to miller as reported in the Census of
Manufactures and further adjusted to eliminate imputed value of millfeed products.
11 Spread or charges for transporting, handling, and storing all ingredients and for proc-
essing ingredients other than flour. This spread is a residual figure.

12 Returns to farmers for wheat less imputed value of millfeed byproducts, based on
average local market prices received by farmers for all wheat; return for 0.894 pound
before July 1957, 0.882 pound from July 1957-December 1963 and 0.877 pound beginning
January 1964.
13 Value at prices received by farmers, less byproduct allowances, for the quantity of
wheat and other farm products yielding ingredients used in a pound loaf of white bread.
14 Starting July 1964, the cost of wheat to millers is based on market prices paid by
millers plus cost of the domestic marketing certificate-70 cents from July 1964 through
June 1965 and 75 cents beginning with July 1965. The farm value is based on market
prices of wheat received by farmers plus the value of the domestic marketing certificates
received by farmers complying fully with the Federal wheat program-70 cents from
July 1964 through July 1965 and 75 cents beginning with July 1965.

15 Not available.

APPENDIX TABLE 3.-Farm and retail milk prices, 1947-66

Source: "Organization and Competition in the Dairy Industry," Technical Study No. 3, National Commission on Food Marketing, June 1966, p. 200; "Farm-Retail Spreads for Food Products, 1947-65," ERS-226, USDA. January and August 1966 figures based on information received from a Federal Trade Commission survey of 24 cities.

APPENDIX TABLE 4.-Gross margins of food chains, 1955-64

1 The data series is not strictly comparable due to changes in the size of samples of reporting chains, as indicated in the "number of chains reporting" column.

2 For 1959-63, the size groups were: Small-less than $20 million sales; medium-$20 to $100 million; and large-over $100 million sales. Size groups varied for earlier years.

Sources: "Operating Results of Food Chains," 1955 to 1961, Harvard University, Graduate School of Business Administration; and other years, "Operating Results of Food Chains," Cornell University.

APPENDIX TABLE 5.-Retail bread price trends in selected cities, January 1964August 1966