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INDEX

ACCIAIUOLI Company of Florentine bank-

ers, 181-Nicholas acquires lands in
Achaia, ib.-Nerio, governor of Cor-
inth, 184-conquers Athens, 182-
created duke, 185-taken prisoner
and ransomed, ib.-his will, 186—
Antonio, ib.-Nerio II., 188-Franco,
191.

Achaia, principality of, William de Cham-
plitte, 202 capitulation of Greeks, 207
-feudal organisation, 210-code, 212-
baronies, ib., 216, note-acquisition by
Geffrey Villehardoin, 217-Latin clergy
oppress Greeks, 220-refuse service
for fiefs, 222-Achaia becomes a fief of
crown of Naples, 239-under Neapo-
litan princes, 258-depreciation of
coinage, 264-civil list of princes in
fourteenth century, 265-barons offer
sovereignty to Greek emperor, 269–
state in time of despot Theodore II.,
276-Centurione, last prince, 288.
Acropolita, Byzantine historian, ambas-
sador to Trebizond, 400.
Agriculture in Greece, 54-stationary
condition in Europe, 58.
Akova, barony, 213 and note, 216, note-
seized by William, prince of Achaia,
242-Margaret, lady of Akova, 244-
taken by Turks, 274.

Alaeddin, Seljouk sultan of Roum,
treaties with Andronikos I., emperor
of Trebizond, 384, 389-army defeated
at Trebizond, 388-defeats Gelaleddin,
389-poisoned, 392.
Albanian colonies in Greece, 36-lan-
guage, 37-present numbers, 38-
mercenaries in Morea, 271-immigra-
tions into Morea, 275, 279-increase,
301-rebel to gain independence, 302
-reconquered by Turks, 303-ra-

vages, 308-colony in Ios, 340-colo-
nies in Ios, Andros, Keos, and Ther-
mia, 349.

Albanians in Kolchis, 356.
Alexius I., emperor of Constantinople—
disputes with Crusaders, 85-fears
Theodore Gabras, duke of Chaldia, 362
-conquers Gregorias, ib.
Alexius III. abandons Constantinople, 97.
Alexius IV. engages Crusaders to attack
Constantinople, 95-treaty with them,
ib.-murdered, 99.

Alexius V., Murtzuphlos, defends Con-
stantinople, 99.

-

Alexios I., emperor of Trebizond, 367-
conquers Trebizond, 368, 370-con-
quests in Asia Minor, 371-defeated at
Amisos, 373, 375-attacked by Seljouk
Turks and Georgians, 379-tributary
to Azeddin, sultan of Roum, 380-
conquests at Cherson, 381-death, 382

-founds church of St Eugenios, 383.
Alexios II. of Trebizond, 405-defeats
Turkomans, 407-dispute with Geno-
ese, 411-peace, 413-fortifies western
suburb, 415-letter to him from Pope
John XXII., 416.

Alexios III. crowned, 431-marriage, 432
-rebuilds church of St Eugenios, ib.-
minority, ib.-retires to Tripolis, 433
-feudal rather than administrative
sovereign, 434-re-establishes imperial
authority, 435-defeated at Cheriana,
436-quarrel with Lercari, 441-fa-
vours clergy, 444-new festival of St
Eugenios, ib.-founds monastery of
St Dionysius on Mount Athos, 445--
description of golden bull, ib.-alliances
and person, 447.

Alexios IV. suspected of hastening his
father's death, 456-tributary to Kara

INDEX.

Yousouf, chief of Black Turkomans,
457-filial ingratitude, 460-his son's
ingratitude, 461-murdered by emis-
saries of his son, Joannes IV., 462.
Alexios, son of Joannes IV., 480-death,
495-Pera called Beyoglou from his
residence, ib., note.

Almerio, Pietro, Venetian governor of
Nauplia, marries widow of Nerio II.,
duke of Athens, 190.

Amisos, 373-near Samsoun, 375-go-

verned by Sabbas, ib.-condition, 376.
Amour or Morbassan, Seljouk emir and

pirate, 263-ravages Archipelago, 336
-defeated off Mount Athos, 337.
Amytzantarantes faction at Trebizond,

420.

Anna Anachoutlou, empress of Trebi-
zond, 423-strangled, 426.

Anna Comnena mentions Albanians, 37
-campaigns of Robert Guiscard and
Bohemund, 64.

Andronicus I., emperor of Constantin-

ople, murdered, 365-progenitor of
family of Grand-Komnenos, ib., 506.
Andronicus II., 405-proceedings against
Alexios II. of Trebizond, 406.
Andronikos I. Ghidos, emperor of Trebi-
zond, 384-treaty with Alaeddin, ib.-
defeats Seljouk army at Trebizond,
388-tributary to Gelaleddin, 389-to
Alaeddin, 390-loses Iberia, 391.
Andronikos II., 394.

Andronikos III. murders his brothers,
416.

Andronikos Ghidos defeats David Grand-
Komnenos, 377, 384, note.
Androvida, town in Morea, 206, 208-
bishoprick, 216, note-cathedral, 232—
attacked by Byzantines, 238.
Archipelago, duchy, 322-dukes of family
of Sanudo, 324-family of Dalle Car-
ceri, 335-family of Crispo, 339-
causes of the prolongation of Latin
power, 345-wealth of dukes, 346-
commercial monopoly of Venice, 347
exactions, 348-demoralisation of
Latins, 349.

Aristocracy attempt to form an aristocra-

tical government at Trebizond, 428.
Athens, conquered by Crusaders, 153,
158-fief of Otho de la Roche, 154—
condition, ib.-attacked by Leo Sguros,
155-Michael Akominatos, archbishop,
156, 157-papal church, 159-vassalage
to principality of Achaia refuted, ib.,
161, 233-Guy de la Roche created
duke, 162-Guy II., last of family, 164
-defends prince of Vlakia, 165-mar-
ries Maud of Hainault, ib.-as good
French spoken at Athens as at Paris,

511

167-conquered by Catalans, 177-
ruled by Sicilian house of Aragon, ib.
et seq.-conquered by Nerio Acciaiuoli,
182-bequeathed to church of St Mary,
186-improved by Antonio, 188-tri-
butary to Turks, 190-conquered by
Mohammed II., 191-condition of
Greek population under the Franks,
194.

Azeddin, Seljouk sultan of Roum or
Iconium, 379-Christian body-guard,
ib.-renders Trebizond tributary, 380.
Baldwin I., count of Flanders, emperor
of Romania, 108-reign, 113-defeat
and death, 115.

Baldwin II., reign, 132.

Barbarossa plunders Naxos, 342.
Barons of Achaia, list, 216, note--intrigues
of, 259-defend their privileges, 260.
Basilian family consolidates despotism in
Byzantine empire, 358, 360.

Basilios, emperor of Trebizond, enormi-
ties at his accession, 418-divorces
empress Irene, 419.

Benjamin of Tudela concerning Great
Vallachia or Vlakia, 35.

Biandrate, count, bailly of kingdom of
Saloniki, 123, 127.

Black Sea, importance of trade, 410, note.
Bocaccio, allusion to Athens, 201.
Bohemund, 64, 65-liegeman of emperor
Alexius, 66.

Boniface, marquis of Montferrat, king of
Saloniki, 114, 123-invades Greece,
135, 154, 159.

Bos-tépé, or Mount Mithrios, at Trebi-
zond, 382.

Brienne, John de, king of Jerusalem,
emperor of Romania, 132.
Brienne, Walter de, duke of Athens, an-

cestors, 169-invites Catalans, 170—
defeated and slain, 176-his son killed
at Poitiers, 177.

Buildings of Franks in Greece, Athens,
188, note-Thebes, 199-Naxos, 326.
Bulgarians conquer Moesia, adopt Scla-

vonian language, 19-settle near Nico-
polis in Epirus, 33-in mountains near
Achrida, 34, note.

Byzantine empire, durability, 43-poli-
tical condition, ib. et seq.-regular ad-
ministration, 49, 86-able sovereigns,
50-decline of military force, ib.-
finances, 51-apparent prosperity of
society, 57-ruined by Crusaders, 99—
partition treaty of Crusaders and Vene-
tians, 101-legal though despotic_go-
vernment, 109-reformed by Leo III.,
356-best existing government, 360-
declines from time of Isaac I. Com-
nenus, 361.

Byzantine province in Peloponnesus re-
conquered from French, 234, 268-
divided by emperor John VI. among
his brothers, 284.

Cantacuzenos, John, emperor and histo-
rian, character of Morcots, 271.
Cantacuzenos, Manuel, despot in Morea,
270, 272.

Carceri, John dalle, baron of Negrepont,
husband of Florence Sanudo, duchess
of Archipelago, 334.

Carceri, Nicholas, duke of Archipelago,
338-fortifies Skyros, ib.-murdered
by Francis Crispo, 339.

Catalan Grand Company, strange career,
170-defeat Walter de Brienne, 175-
conquer Athens, 176 - elect Roger
Deslau leader, 178 acknowledge
Sicilian house of Aragon dukes of
Athens, 179-Catalan fleet captures
Clarentza, 286.

Centurione, last Frank prince in Achaia,
288-daughter marries Thomas Paleo-
logos, despot, ib.
Chalcocondylas, father, envoy

from

widow of Antonio, duke of Athens, to
Murad II., 189-from despot Constan-
tine Dragases, 293, note.
Chalcocondylas, Laonicus, Byzantine his-
torian, notice of Athens, 188-account
of discipline in Turkish camps, 294.
Chaldia province, Trebizond capital, 357,
359.

Chalkokondylas, or Corcondillas, Greek

of Great Arachova, insulted, 250-
surprises castle of St George, ib.
Chalybia conquered by Turkomans, 404.
Champlitte, William de, conquers Achaia,
202-family, 204, note-names Hugh
his bailly, 217-children defrauded of
their inheritance in Achaia, 218.
Champlitte, Robert, anecdote, 218.
Charles of Anjou, alliance with William,
prince of Achaia, 239.
Chaucer, 201.

Cherson subject to empire of Trebizond,
381-tribute shipwrecked at Sinope,

385.

Chitir Bey attacks Trebizond, 477.
Chronological lists, emperors of Ro-
mania, 499-kings of Saloniki, 500—
despots of Epirus, emperors of Thes-
salonica, princes of Thessalian Val-
lachia, ib.-dukes of Athens, 501-
princes of Achaia, 502 Byzantine
despots in Morea, 503-dukes of
Archipelago, 504-emperors of Trebi-
zond, ib.

Civil war may be necessary, 420.
Clarentza, Chloumoutzi or Castel Tor-
nese, 223-English title of duke of

Clarence not derived from it, ib,
note--town taken by the Catalans,
287.

Clavijo, ambassador from Henry III. of
Castille to Timor, 449, 460.

Coins, circulation and purity of Byzantine
gold, 52-Byzantine coinage debased,
87-coins of Trebizond, 383, note,
505, note.

Colchis, called Lazia, 356-inhabitants,
ib.- Alexios I. of Trebizond assembles
army in, 368.

Colonies of foreign race established in
Greece, 3, 14, 31, 33, 36.

Colons cultivate the soil of Greece, 54,
194--serfs, 195.

-

on

Commerce of Italian republics before
Crusades, 83, note influence
Crusades, 84-spirit of monopoly at
Venice, 346-Genoese commerce, 407
-Trebizond, ib.

Comnenos, see Grand-Komnenos.
Constantine VII. Porphyrogenitus, men-
tions colonisation of Greece by the
Sclavonians, 17, 19.
Constantine XI. Dragases or Paleologos,
last emperor of Constantinople, despot
in Morea, 285-character, ib.-mar-
riage, ib.-takes Patras, 286-intrigues
against his brother Theodore, 289-
attacks Othomans, 291-defeated at
isthmus of Corinth, 295-tributary to
Turks, 296- erroneous estimate of
Mohammed II., 476.

Constantinople taken by Crusaders, 96,
99-fires in, 96, 98, 99-plundered,
104-population, 105-riches, 106-
repeopled by colonists from Morea,
20, 241, 305, 312-from Trebizond,
493.

Corinth besieged by Crusaders, 204-by
prince of Achaia, 219-taken, 227–
Walter de Leudkerke, governor, seizes
Photes, 246.

Corinth, isthmus of, fortified by Manuel

II., emperor of Constantinople, 279-
forced by sultan Murad II., 295.
Crete purchased by Venetians, 112-
valiant defence, 323-invaded by Geno-
ese, 327-Mark Sanudo endeavours to
make himself king of Candia, 328.
Crispo, Francis, marries Florence, daugh-
ter of Mark Sanudo, signor of Melos,
334.

Crispo, Francis, assassinates Nicholas III.,

duke of Archipelago, 339-dukes of
Crispo family, ib.

Crispo, John V., his letter to pope John
XXII. concerning Barbarossa's ravages
at Naxos, 342, note.

Crispo, James, last duke of Naxos, 343.

INDEX.

Crusades, 79-viewed in the East, 80-
fail to make permanent colonies, 81
-caused by spirit of emigration, ib.—
commerce, 83-first crusade, 85-
second, 87-third, 88-fourth, 94-
cruelties of Crusaders at Constanti-
nople, 104.

Cyprus conquered by Richard Coeur-de-

Lion, 88, et seq.-Greeks deprived of
half their lands, 92-feudal system
introduced, ib.-sovereignty conferred
on Guy de Lusignan, 93-repeopled
by Latin Christians, ib.

Dandolo, Henry, doge of Venice, directs
fourth crusade against Constantinople,
95, note-storms it, 96.
Dante, allusions to Athens, 200.
Daphnous, anchorage at Trebizond, 411,
429.

David, brother of Alexios I., emperor of
Trebizond, invades Paphlagonia, 372
-defeated by troops of Theodore I.
Laskaris, 373, 377-vassal of Latin
empire, 377-slain at Sinope, 378.
David, last emperor of Trebizond, ex-
cludes his nephew Alexios from
throne, 480 demands assistance
against Othomans from Pope and
duke of Burgundy, 482-preparations
for war, 489-cowardice, ib.-surren-
ders Trebizond, 490-put to death,

495.

-

Demetrius, king of Saloniki, 123, 138.
Demetrius, despot in Morea, 297-civil
war with Thomas, 298-dethroned by
Mohammed II., 311, 316.

Depopulation, causes of, 7, 438-laws
of, 81-of Morea, 264.

Deslau, Roger, elected chief of the Cata-
lans, 178.

Despotism a safeguard against anarchy

and guarantee for an impartial admin-
istration of justice, 358.
Dodekanneson, Byzantine province in
Archipelago, 322, note-twelve islands
that formed the Frank duchy, 327.
Ecclesiastical affairs of Latin church in
Romania, 116, 119-settled by con-
vention, 119.

Elizabeth of Adria or Morea, marries
Fernand of Majorca, 255-dies on
giving birth to Jayme II., king of
Majorca, ib.

Epirus, despotat founded, 142-inhabi-

tants, 143-despots, 144, et seq.-con-
quered by Stephen, king of Servia,
150-subsequent history, 151.
Ertebil,sheik of, invades empire of Trebi-
zond, 472-retires, 475.

Eudocia Porphyrogenita, daughter of
Michael VIII., wife of Joannes II. of

2 K

513

Trebizond, 402-portrait 403, note-
conduct on marriage of her son Alexios
II., 407.

Eugenios, see St Eugenios.

Eustathius, Archbishop of Thessalonica,
work on capture of Thessalonica by
Normans, 71, note.

Evagrius, passage relating to Avars and
Sclavonians, 15.

Evrenos invades Morea, 273, 275.
Ezerits, 24.

Fallmerayer, works on Greece, 2, note
-on Trebizond, 353, note.
Fernand, infant of Majorca, quits Grand
Company, 171-prisoner at Thebes,
200-marriage, 255-invades Achaia,
slain, 256.

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Feudal system in Greece, 108, 110-its
effects in Achaia, 266.
Florenz of Hainault, prince of Achaia,
244, 247 recovers Kalamata, 249-
besieges St George, 250-death, 251.
Franks, great babblers according to
Anna Comnena, 87- partition of
Byzantine empire with Venetians, 111
-Frank chivalry at Athens, 197--
buildings at Athens and Thebes, 198
-conquest of Achaia contrasted with
Norman conquest of England, 266.
French language, its position in twelfth
and thirteenth centuries, 77-spoken
with purity at Athens under dukes,
167, 197.

Gabras, Theodore, duke of Chaldia, 362.
Gabras, Gregorias or Taronites, 362.
Gabras, Constantine, 363

Gardiki, massacre of inhabitants, 281-

massacre of six thousand souls by
Mohammed II., 311.

Gemistos Plethon, project for the rege-
neration of Greece, 282.

Genealogical list of family of Grand-
Komnenos, emperors of Trebizond,
553.

Genoese, trade in Black Sea, 407-
colonies at Galata and Caffa, 410-
attempt to gain monopoly, ib.-de-
feated by Alexios II. of Trebizond,
412-take Kerasunt, and cede it for
Leontokastron, 429, 430-hostilities
with Alexios III., 442-peace, 443-
lose Amastris, 485.

Georgia or Iberia, queen Thamar, 368,
note-queen Roussadan conquered by
Mongols, 390-David, king in Imer-
athia, ib.

Georgios, emperor of Trebizond, taken
prisoner by Turkomans, 393 re-
leased, 403.

Ghianitza, Sclavonian town near Kala-
inata, 148.

Gibbon, campaigns of Robert Guiscard
and Bohemund, 64-error concerning
fire at Constantinople, 98, note
error concerning Dandolo, 103, note-
mention of dukes of Athens, 200-
error concerning empire of Trebizond,
398, note - remarks on Mongols, 409
-error concerning Timor, 450, 454.
Gothia in Crimea, subject to empire of
Trebizond, 381.

Grand-Komnenos, name assumed by
Alexios I., emperor of Trebizond, 369,
370, note.

Gravina, John, count of, forcible mar
riage with Maud of Hainault, princess
of Achaia, 257-cedes his claims to
principality, 258.

Greece, depopulation under Romans, 7-
discordant elements in its population
in twelfth century, 53-colons, 54-
various nations inhabiting it in fif
teenth century, 41, 282.
Greek church separated from Latin, 72
-grounds of separation, 74.
Greeks, diminution in numbers, 1-
change of language, 5-improved con-
dition in eighth century, 23-recover
districts from Sclavonians, 24-social
state in twelfth century, 52-abolition
of municipal institutions by Leo VI.,
53-position in empire of Romania,
122-rebel against Manuel Cantacuze-
nos in Morea, 271, et seq.,-character
of Moreots by Cantacuzenos, 271-
condition in time of emperor Manuel
II., 277-of John VI., 289-sixty
thousand enslaved by Murad II., 296

-

condition under despots Thomas
and Demetrius, 300-superstition at
Naxos, 330 insurrection, 341-in-
trigues in favour of Turks, 345-ex-
pulsion from part of Asia Minor after
battle of Manzikert, 361-rulers of
the sea, 413-decline in the social
scale as a nation, 434, 471-causes of
decrease in population, 438- -rene-
gades, 466-despise foreigners, 475—
plagues ravage the population, 476.
Gregorias Taronites, or Gabras, 362-
defeated by Alexius I., ib.,-taken
prisoner and ransomed, ib., note.
Guy I., de la Roche, grand-sire of Athens,
159-assists William, prince of Achaia,
to conquer the whole Morea, 160, 227
-required to do homage, 160, 233—
created duke by St Louis, 162.
Guy II., duke of Athens, 164-invades
Epirus, 165.

Harald Hardrada, gained his wealth at
Constantinople, 61.

Hassan, see Ouzoun Hassan.

Hastings, Captain Frank Abney, his
exploits at the Scala of Salona, 67,

note.

Hayton, reis of Sinope, seizes tribute of
Cherson, 385-surrenders his booty,
ib.-killed at Trebizond, 388.

Henry of Flanders, emperor of Romania,
115 arranges ecclesiastical affairs,
117-disputes with Lombards, 123-
holds parliament at Ravenika, 125—
death, 128.

Iberia, province of empire of Trebizond,
370, note-lost, 391.

Iberia, see Georgia.

Iconoclast emperors, 46.
Illyrians exterminated, 11

country

occupied by Sclavonians, 18.
Innocent III., concerning Crusaders, 105
-his pretensions, 116-compliances,
117.

Irene, empress of Trebizond, 419-civil
war, 421-dethroned, 423-sent to
Constantinople, 425.

Isaac II., emperor of Constantinople,
treaty for his restoration, 95.
Isaac, emperor of Cyprus, dethroned by
Richard Coeur-de-Lion, 89.
Janissaries, their foundation and consti-
tution, 505.

Jerusalem, assise of, imitated in empire
of Romania and in Achaia, 212, note.
Joannes I., emperor of Trebizond, killed
playing at tzoukanion, 391.

Joannes II., rival of Michael VIII, of
Constantinople, 398-confounded with
John, king of Bulgaria, 400, note—
rejects alliance with Michael VIII.,
400-made prisoner in a revolution,
401-marries Eudocia, daughter of
Michael VIII., 402-reception at By-
zantine court, ib.-driven from throne
by Theodora, 404—death, ib.
Joannes III., 426-dethroned, 427-sent
to reside at Adrianople, 428.
Joannes IV. assassinates his mother's
lover, 461-escapes to Georgia, ib.-
invades Trebizond, his father assassi-
nated, 462-defeated by sheik of Er-
tebil, 471-saves Trebizond, 473—
foreign policy, 475-tributary to sul-
tan Mohammed II., 478-alliance with
Ouzoun Hassan, 479.

John VI., emperor of Constantinople,
visits Morea, 284 - maintains peace
between his brothers, 290.

John, emperor of Thessalonica, 146.
John de Brienne, emperor of Romania,
132.

John Dukas, prince of Thessalian Vlakia,

149.

John de Heredia takes Patras, 261.

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