LEGISLATIVE-JUDICIARY APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1954 HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS FIRST SESSION SUBCOMMITTEE WALT HORAN, Washington, Chairman FRED E. BUSBEY, Illinois FRANK T. BOW, Ohio MICHAEL J. KIRWAN, Ohio ROBERT M. MOYER, Executive Secretary to Subcommittee COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS JOHN TABER, New York, Chairman RICHARD B. WIGGLESWORTH, Massachusetts H. CARL ANDERSEN, Minnesota IVOR D. FENTON, Pennsylvania JOHN PHILLIPS, California ERRETT P. SCRIVNER, Kansas FREDERIC R. COUDERT, JR., New York NORRIS COTTON, New Hampshire BENJAMIN F. JAMES, Pennsylvania • FRED E. BUSBEY, Illinois EDWARD T. MILLER, Maryland CHARLES R. JONAS, North Carolina OTTO KRUEGER, North Dakota MELVIN R. LAIRD, Wisconsin, ELFORD A. CEDERBERG, Michigan CLARENCE CANNON, Missouri J. VAUGHAN GARY, Virginia JOHN E. FOGARTY, Rhode Island ANTONIO M. FERNANDEZ, New Mexico OTTO E. PASSMAN, Louisiana SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois ALFRED D. SIEMINSKI, New Jersey GEORGE Y. HARVEY, Clerk KENNETH SPRANKLE, Assistant Clerk (II) LEGISLATIVE-JUDICIARY APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1954 THURSDAY, MAY 28, 1953. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WITNESSES LYLE O. SNADER, CLERK OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES J. C. SHANKS, DISBURSING CLERK INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT Mr. HORAN. The committee will please be in order. This is the Subcommittee on Appropriations that considers requests for funds for 2 of the 3 branches of our Government. In the organization of this Government of ours it was decided that we would have a better balance of political powers if we had a separation of those powers. Therefore we have the legislative, the judiciary, and the executive. The Committee on Appropriations is concerned mostly with the executive branch, because they are the ones which spend the major part of our moneys. However, in these hearings, we will be concerned with the proper amounts of funds for those who legislate and those who adadminister justice. Therefore, I hope that as a result of our hearings we can give proper consideration and the right amount of funds so that the legislative and the judiciary may function to the full intent of their powers. The printed designation of committee membership carries the name of our much-beloved friend from Alabama, George Andrews. Since he is on a committee that has very important work before it at this moment, the minority has designated our colleague from Virginia Mr. Vaughan Gary, whom we are very happy to have with us. While we miss the counsel and companionship of George Andrews, we rejoice in the acquisition of such a very able Member of the House as Mr. Gary, of Virginia. We have before us this morning the Clerk of the House, Mr. Snader, and the Disbursing Clerk, Mr. Shanks. You may proceed, Mr. Snader. GENERAL STATEMENT Mr. SNADER. First of all, Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, I have with me today my right-hand man, Mr. Crawford Shanks, the present Disbursing Officer of the House, with whom I have worked very closely in the preparation of the testimony and the budget which we are here to justify today. Mr. HORAN. I think all of us are familiar with the work of Mr. Shanks. I think the House of Representatives and the Capitol are |