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May 21.] Mr. Paley, B. A. of Pembroke Hall, is elected into one of Worts's travelling scholarships. At a congregation of this univerfity, held in the fenate-houfe, on Monday laft, a Koyal and dutiful address to his Majesty,

on the happy return of peace; was read and agreed to, and will be prefented as foon as his Majefty fignifies the day on which he will receive, and which his Majefty was fince pleased to order to be prefented on the 27th.

ADDRESS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

THE editors feel the deepest gratitude to the friends of this work for their liberal and numerous communications; and it is with regret they are under the neceffity of poftponing the infertion of feveral articles of material intereft. An early attention, however, fhall be paid to them all, and at prefent we can only briefly notice a few. The letter figned DEVONIENSIS, will most certainly appear in our next number, as well on account of its intrinfic excellence, as the peculiar nature of the fubject. Our minds were attentive to the circumftance and character which it notices, at the very moment that this seasonable exposure came to our hands. The Sectaries feel our influence more and more every month, and this gives us the greatest fatisfaction; for it is a proof that our endeavours to guard the people against their devices have not been in vain. This will stimulate us to a still more vigorous watchfulness of them and their proceedings.

For the packet from Bradford we are thankful, and fhould have taken notice of the pamphlet it contained this month; but as it is merely fupplementary to another, and we are poffeffed of fome new facts on the fubject of it, we wish to defer it till we can give a full view of the controverfy. Our worthy correfpondent will avail himself of this hint, by furnishing us with the proper particulars.

MISOPSEUDES and IOTA have likewife our thanks, and their favours will foon be attended to.

Our friend the SUFFOLK VICAR, on the debate at Bartlett's Buildings, is perfectly right in most of his obfervations; but we conceive it would be indecorous in us to introduce into our Mifcellany any remarks on the proceedings of the best charitable inftitution perhaps in the Chriftian world. The account of that debate, on which his paper is entirely formed, is a fad mifreprefentation in many impor tant particulars, and that with respect to fome most highly and ever to be revered perfonages.

We thank our friend in Scotland for his ready compliance with our request.To the account which he has already given of the Epifcopal Church in Scotland, fome further particulars refpecting its present state, such as the number of the churches in the respective dioceses, of the communicants in each church, and of the aggregate, as nearly as can be estimated, of the whole body of Episcopalians in North Britain, would be highly acceptable.

The Editors refpectfully folicit the names of thofe of their friends who may choofe to honour the CHURCHMAN'S MEMORIAL with their patronage: through the medium of their book fellers this can be done; and the Publither and Editors will be able to afcertain from it the probability of fuccefs that will attend the work. Not that they wholly depend upon it, as a motive that will either accelerate or retard the publication of the work, that is already determined upon; but to be informed that the design is received with approbation, and likely to meet with imme diate encouragement, will afford them great fatisfaction. It is a work that neceffarily involves in the execution of it, not only great labour and induftry, much research and correct information, but alfo confiderable expence and a certain degree of rifque. Thefe circumftances are mentioned with a view to affure our friends, that in this work and labour of love," private gain is facrificed to the public good.

ERRATA in No. IV.-Page 194, for Gerama read Gemara.-P. 195, for Behcai read Bechai.-P. 196, for foils read forts.-P. 197, for rights read rites.

THE

ORTHODOX

CHURCHMAN'S MAGAZINE,

For JUNE, 1802.

Holding the MYSTERY of the FAITH in a PURE CONSCIENCE.

St. PAUL.

A

LIFE OF BISHOP WARBURTON.
(Continued from Page 235.)

AFTER this complete triumph over the great chieftain of his party, it would be scarce worth while to celebrate his fuccefles against inferior adventurers, if one of them had not published his own fhame; and if what is due to Dr. Warburton's memory did not require a triding circumstance to be explained.

Mr. Hume had given an early fpecimen of his free-thinking philofophy in fome fubtile lucubrations of the metaphyfical kind; which however did no great mischief to religion; and, what chagrined him almost as much, contributed but little to his own fame, being too fublime, or too dark, for the apprehenfion of his reader. For fogood a purpofe as that of affifting in the common cause of impiety, he thought fit to come out of the clouds, and to attempt a popular vein of writing as the moft likely to get himself read and talked of in the world. In 1749 he therefore gave the public a tatte of his ftale notions, served up in the taking form and name of Effays, and with a ftronger, at least a more undisguifed, mixture of Atheifin than before. Dr. Warburton, who was then fending his JULIAN to prefs, faw these Essays, and had thoughts of clofing that work with fome ftrictures upon them. But dropped the idea, and suffered the author of them to escape for this time.

Hume's next effort was to difcredit religion by what he calls, its natural history. This book came out early in 1757, and falling into Dr. Warburton's hands, provoked him, by its uncommon licentioufnefs, to enter on the margin, as he went along, fuch remarks as occurred to him. And when that was too narrow to contain them all, he put down the reft on loose fcraps of papers, which he stuck between the leaves.

These remarks were transcribed by a friend of the doctor, who, though urged by him to reduce them to fome form for the benefit of the public, still feemed difpofed not to take much trouble about the matter. That friend, therefore, wrote a fhort introduction and conclufion to the remarks, merely to colour the propofed fiction; and in this ftate, fent them to the prefs. The difguife, thin as it was, anfwered its purpose, in keeping the real author out of fight. Hume fell into the trap. He was much hurt, and no Vol. II. Churchm. Mag. June, 1802. wonder

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wonder, by fo lively an attack upon him, and he could not help confeffing it in what he calls his own life.

Dr. Warburton had now for fome time been preparing, and in 1758, he printed, a correct and improved edition of the DIVINE LEGATION. The notes to which are numerous and large; fome of them are answers to objections made to him by Archbishop Secker.

Towards the end of the year 175, Dr. Warburton had been promoted to the deanry of Bristol. And in the beginning of the year 1760 by Mr. Allen's intereft with the minifter, Mr. Pitt, he was advanced to the bishopric of Gloucefier. But in retirement it was that THE ALLIANCE and DIVINE LEGATION were written: and here, too, was compofed the immortal work of ECCLESIASTICAL POLITY, which in the end, proved so fatal to our Englijh a fe planarians, now rifing again in the fhape of levellers and Socinians; but to fall again by the strong hand of our learned clergy, going forth against them, in the fpirit of order and orthodoxy, from the cool invigorating fhade of private life.*

On the 30th of January, 1760, ten days after his confecration, he preached the customary fermon before the lords. And his fermon on this occafion is one of the beft that he ever wrote, and without question, must be numbered among the best that have been preached on that day. In 1761, Bishop Warburton reprinted an elaborate tract on the Lord's Supper: a fubject, which had been fo embroiled by two eminent writers of oppofite principles, that it became neceffary to take it out of their hands, and to guard the public from being bewildered and mifled, either by a popith or a focinian comment. This fubject has fince been taken up by the Rev. Dr. Knor, and handled in a way that does him great credit, and it is to be hoped it will do the church much fervice. His book deferves a wide circulation, and we are happy to find it entered among the number of those recommended, and diftributed by the Society for the Promotion of Chriftian Knowledge. A fociety that has done infinite good to the caufe of religion, and continues to diffeminate the pure principles of Chriftianity.

But the good bifhop was always meditating fomething for the benefit of religion. What is called Methodism, had fpread among the people. It is now a fpecies of Puritanism, or rather the old one revived under a new name. To correct the wild opinions fpread abroad by the two great apoftles of this fcct, Wesley and IV hitfield, the latter a weak, the former unquestionably a fhrewd man, refpecting the influence of the Holy Spirit, he moulded a fermon upon the fubject into a regular treatife, which he published in 1762, under the title of The Doctrine of Grace: or the Office and Operation of the Holy Spirit vindicated from the Infults of Infidelity, and the Abufes of Fanaticifm, in two fmall volumes 12mo.

In 1765, he published a new edition of the fecond part of the Divine Legation in three volumes: and as it had now received his last hand, he pre

*See Dr. Horflev's Charge to the Clergy of the Archdeaconry of St. Albans, and his unanfwerable letters in vindication of it. This profound fcholar, and able divine was defervedly advanced to the See of St. David's in 1788, tranflated to that of Rochester In 1793, and is now become bishop of St Afaph. The compiler of this article has in common with of his brethren, felt the influence of that generous friendship which glows in his lordship's bofom. Nam quam omnibus virtutibus abundet, tum hắc præcipue, quod habet maximam in amicitia conftantiam. Few are acquainted with bishop Horley's real character; but those who do know His Lordship intus et in cute, have indeed great reafon to esteem and value him.

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fented it to his great friend Lord Mansfield; as he had done the former part, when finished to his mind, to Lord Hardwick. This edition, befides many other improvements, with which it was enriched, is further distinguished by a remarkable discourse, printed at the clofe of the last volume, and intitled, An Appendix concerning the Book of Job.

In the next year, 1766, he gave a new and much improved edition of The Alliance; and with a third volume of Sermons, already alluded to, and printed in 1767, he clofed his literary courfe; except that he made an effort towards publishing the 9th and last book of the Divine Legation.

This 9th book, under all the disadvantages with which it appears, is the noblest effort that has hitherto been made to give a rationale of Christianity. How far it may fatisfy thofe, who have so long and fo loudly called for it, will be never feen; without doubt, no farther, than as it may agree (if in any respects, it should agree) with their reason. In the mean time, the investigation is made with the beft defign:

"To juftify the ways of God to man."

While the bishop was thus exerting his laft ftrength, in the cause of religion, he projected a method by which he hoped to render it effectual fervice after his death. This was by the inftitution of a lecture on PROPHECY; a fubject, which he conceived had not been confidered with the care it ought; and from a thorough difcuffion of which he affured himself, much additional force would arife to the proof of the Christian Religion.

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Upon this perfuafion, in 1768, he gave 500l. in truft to Lord Mansfield, Sir Eardly Wilmot, and Mr. Charles Yorke, for the purpose of founding a lecture at Lincolns' Inn, in the form of a sermon, To prove the truth of Revealed Religion in general, and of the Chriftian in particular, from the completion of the prophecies in the Old and New Testament, which relate to the Chriftian Church, especially to the apoftacy of papal rime."

It was afterwards in the bishop's contemplation to double the original endowment. But he was diverted from his purpose, by those who reprefented to him, that the fum given was sufficient to answer his purpose of engaging men of ability to read his lecture, if they were influenced by fuch motives as become them; a regard for their own honour and a zeal for the fervice of religion.

The laft years of the bishop's life was clouded with misfortunes, as well as indifpofition. He had for fome time been fo fenfible of his declining health, that he read little, and wrote lefs. But in the course of the year 1776, the lofs of a favourite fon and only child, who died of a confumption in his 18th year, when every hope was fpringing up in the breast of a fond parent, to make amends, as it were for his want of actual employment. This fudden affliction oppreffed him to that degree, fo as to put an end to his literary labours, and even amusements, at once. From that difaftrous moment, he lived, indeed for two or three years; but, when he had settled his affairs, as was proper, upon this great change in his family, he took no concern in the ordinary occurrences of life, and grew fo indifferent to every thing, that even his book, and writings feemed, thenceforth, to be utterly difregarded by him.

In this melancholy ftate, he languished till the fummer following, when he expired at the Palace in Gloucester, on the 7th of June, 1779, and was buried in his cathedral, at no great distance from the weft door, and near

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to the grave of Bishop Benfon, one of his predeceffors. A neat mural monument has been put up there to his memory, with the following infcription :

To the Memory of

WILLIAM WARBURTON, D.D.

For more than Nineteen Years Bishop of this See;
A PRELATE,

Of the most fublime Genius, and exquifite Learning;
Both which talents

He employed through a long life
In the fupport

Of what he firmly believed,

THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION;

And

Of what he esteemed the best establishment of it,
THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

Bishop Warburton poffeffed thofe virtues which are fo important in foeiety; truth, probity, and honour, in the highest degree, with a frankness of temper, very uncommon, and a friendlinefs to those he loved and efteemed, which knew no bounds; not suspicious, or captious, in the leaft; quick indeed, in his refentment of real manifest injuries; but then again, as is natural to fuch tempers, of the utmoft placability.

He had an ardent love of virtue, and the most fincere zeal for religion, and that the freest from all bigotry and all fanaticifm. He venerated the civil conftitution of his country, and was warmly attached to the Church of England. Yet he was no party man, and was the fincereft advocate for toleration. It was not his manner to court the good opinion of our diffenters; but he had nothing of prejudice or ill-will towards them; he converfed familiarly with fuch of them as came in his way, and had even a friendship with fome of their more noted minifters, who did not then glory in Socinian impieties, nor indulge themselves in rancorous invectives against the ESTABLISHED CHURCH.

If we confider him as a writer and a divine, it is not easy to find terms that will do juftice to his merit. His reading was various and extensive, and his difcernment exquifite. He faw and feized what was just and useful in every fcience which he cultivated, and in every book he read. The lumber and the refuse, he fhook off, and left to others. To fay all, in a word, he poffeffed, in an eminent degree, these two qualities of a great writer, SAPERE ET FARI; i. e. fuperior fense, and the power of deriving juftice to it, by a found and manly eloquence.

From his firft entrance on theological studies, he had applied himself with care to the reading of our beft writers in controverfy, fuch as Hooke, Chillingworth, and Locke; of whom he was fo fond, that he had their works bound up in fmall detached pieces, for the convenience of carrying them with him in his hand or pocket, when he travelled or walked abroad by himself.

Thus difciplined, he came to the use of his arms, when he found himfelf obliged, as he foon was, to take them up. Ufe and habit did the reft.

See a Collection of Letters to and from Dr. Doddridge, of Northampton, published by T. Stedman, M. A. vicar of St. Shads, Shrewsbury, 1790.

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