CONCORDIA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF AMERICA.-Wisconsin Underwriters' Agency. DETROIT FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Michigan.-NiagaraDetroit Underwriters (Niagara, Detroit Fire and Marine and Michigan Fire and Marine). DUBUQUE FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Iowa.-Iowa Un derwriters. EQUITABLE FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Rhode Island.Equitable Insurance Alliance. EUREKA FIRE AND MARINE, Ohio.-Cincinnati Underwriters (Eureka and Security of Ohio). FACTORIES' INSURANCE COMPANY, Toronto.-Factories' Underwriters. FIRE ASSOCIATION, Pennsylvania.-Philadelphia Underwriters (Insurance Company of North America and Fire Association). FIREMAN'S FUND, California.-Atlanta Home Underwriters. FIREMEN'S INSURANCE COMPANY, New Jersey.-Firemen's Underwriters. GERMAN-ALLIANCE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.—German-Alliance Insurance Association (German-Alliance and German-American). GERMAN-AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-German-Alliance Insurance Association (German-Alliance and German-American). Rochester German Underwriters. Capital and Merchants and Bankers Department. GERMAN-AMERICAN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Penn Underwriters (German-American of Pennsylvania and New Jersey Fire, New Jersey). Keystone Underwriters (German, German-American, Union and Western, all of Pennsylvania). GERMAN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Keystone Underwriters (German, German-American, Union and Western, all of Pennsylvania). GERMAN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Peoria, Ill.-Deutschland and Dutch Underwriters. Interstate Underwriters. GERMANIA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.-Germania Underwriters. GIRARD FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.—Girard Underwriters. GLOBE AND RUTGERS FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Globe Underwriters. GREENWICH INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Pacifi: Underwriters (Greenwich and Pacific of New York). HAMBURG-BREMEN, U. S. Branch-Pioneer Underwriters. HANOVER FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Illinois Underwriters. HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Connecticut.-New York Underwriters Agency. HENRY CLAY FIRE, Lexington, Ky.-Treaty Underwriters. HOME FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Arkansas.-Lumber Underwriters, Merchants' Underwriters. HOME FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Utah.-Commercial Underwriters' Agency. HOME INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Home Underwriters, Nova Scotia Underwriters and Winnipeg Underwriters, Hibernia Underwriters. HUMBOLDT FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Pittsburgh Underwriters (Humboldt, National-Ben Franklin, Teutonia and Allemania). Allegheny Fire Underwriters. American INSURANCE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA, Pennsylvania.-Philadelphia Underwriters (Fire Association and Insurance Company of North America). Underwriters' Agency. INSURANCE COMPANY OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, Pennsylvania.— American Underwriters' Agency. Insurance Underwriters' Agency. INTERNATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Dallas, Texas.-Republic Un derwriters. LONDON ASSURANCE CORPORATION, England.-London Underwriters. LONDON AND LANCASHIRE FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, England.English-American Underwriters' Agency. MECHANICS FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Insurance Exchange Underwriters. MERCHANTS FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Colorado.-Mercantile Underwriters. MICHIGAN FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Michigan.-NiagaraDetroit Underwriters (Niagara, Detroit Fire and Marine and Michigan Fire and Marine). MIDDLESEX MUTUAL FIRE, Concord, Mass.-Colonial Underwriters, Bay State Underwriters. derwriters. MILWAUKEE MECHANICS INSURANCE COMPANY, Wisconsin.-German UnMINNEAPOLIS FIRE & MARINE.-Globe Underwriters' Agency. NATIONAL-BEN FRANKLIN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.Ben-Franklin Underwriters; Pittsburgh Underwriters (Humboldt, National-Ben Franklin, Teutonia and Allemania. NATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Connecticut.-Colonial Fire Underwriters. Columbia Fire Underwriters. German Fire Underwriters, Omaha. NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Ohio.-Fire Underwriters' Agency of the National, of Cincinnati, Ohio. NATIONAL UNION, Pennsylvania.-Duquesne Underwriters. Calumet Underwriters' Agency. NETHERLANDS FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.-Holland-American Underwriters, Liberty Insurance Association. NEWARK FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.-Newark Fire Underwriters. NEW JERSEY FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New Jersey.-Penn Underwriters (German-American, Pennsylvania and New Jersey Fire). Pacific Underwriters (Austin, Commonwealth and New Jersey). NEW ZEALAND FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.-New Zealand Underwriters' Agency, Auckland. NIAGARA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Niagara-Detroit Underwriters (Niagara, Detroit Fire and Marine and Michigan Fire and Marine). NORTHERN ASSURANCE COMPANY, England.-Northern Underwriters. NORTH RIVER INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-United States Underwriters (North River, United States, and Williamsburgh City Fire.) NORTHWESTERN NATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Wisconsin.— Northwestern Underwriters' Agency. NORWICH UNION INSURANCE COMPANY OF NEW YORK.-British and Federated Underwriters and British Canadian Underwriters. PACIFIC FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Pacific Underwriters (Greenwich and Pacific of New York). PENNSYLVANIA FIRE, Philadelphia, Pa.-Quaker Underwriters. PHOENIX INSURANCE COMPANY, Connecticut.-Protector Underwriters, Equitable Insurance Alliance. State Insurance Company Department. PHOENIX ASSURANCE COMPANY., LTD., England, U. S. Branch.-Phoenix Underwriters. POTOMAC FIRE, District of Columbia.-Federal Underwriters' Agency (Potomac and Franklin of District of Columbia). PROVIDENCE-WASHINGTON INSURANCE COMPANY, Rhode Island.-Providence Underwriters' Agency. PRUSSIAN NATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Germany.-Prussian National Underwriters' Agency, Liberty Insurance Association. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FIRE.-Scandanavian-American Underwriters. ROYAL EXCHANGE, England.—Exchange Underwriters' Agency of the Royal Exchange. ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY, U. S. Branch, N. Y.-Georgia Fire Underwriters. ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Liverpool.-Royal Underwriters. SCOTTISH UNION AND NATIONAL, Scotland.-British Underwriters. SECURITY INSURANCE COMPANY, Ohio.-Cincinnati Underwriters (Eureka and Security of Ohio). SECURITY FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, Connecticut.-New Haven Underwriters' Agency. ST. PAUL FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Minnesota.-Minnesota Underwriters. STUYVESANT INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-Stuyvesant Underwriters. SUN INSURANCE OFFICE, England.-Sun Underwriters. TEUTONIA INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Pittsburgh Underwriters (Humboldt, National-Ben Franklin, Teutonia and Allemania). TWIN CITY FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.-Middlewest Underwriters and United American Underwriters. UNION INSURANCE COMPANY, Pittsburgh, Pa.-Keystone Underwriters (German, German-American, Union and Western, all of Pennsylvania). UNITED STATES FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, New York.-United States Underwriters (North River, United States, and Williamsburgh City Fire). WESTCHESTER FIRE, New York.-Atlantic Underwriters (Westchester and Commercial Union), Delaware Underwriters. WESTERN ASSURANCE COMPANY, Toronto, Canada.-St. Lawrence Underwriters' Agency. WESTERN INSURANCE COMPANY, Pennsylvania.-Keystone Underwriters (German, German-American, Union and Western, all of Pennsylvania). UNDERWRITERS AND INTER-INSURERS in the United States An "Individual Underwriters" differs from a stock fire insurance company in that the owners of the former operate directly with their personal credit, and the owners of the latter pay their money into an incorporated company; each has certain cash assets, reinsurance, reserve, etc.; the Individual Underwriters may have further resources obtainable by call from the individuals comprising its small underwriting group, while the incorporated company can obtain additional funds from its owners, usually numerous, only after complicated procedure and considerable delay. However, the strength of both should be measured by the money in hand. No Individual Underwriters deserves confidence which cannot show cash assets at least equal to the minimum required by the laws of New York for an incorporated company. Furthermore, an honest and straightforward Individual Underwriters' Association will naturally desire to submit itself to the Insurance Department of the State in which it is domiciled in order to obtain the approval of the State and a regular license to operate. Any fear of such publicity may well give warning. The distinction between Lloyds and Reciprocal Insurers should be carefully observed. Lloyds are no more like Reciprocal Insurers, than a stock company is like a Mutual. As a matter of fact, a Lloyds is an unincorporated stock company, while for the purpose of comparison, a Reciprocal Exchange could be considered an unin corporated mutual. Under the Lloyds plan, just as with the stock companies, third persons are insured for profit to the underwriters, the policyholders having no financial interest in the outcome. With Reciprocal Insurers, like Mutuals, the protection is produced by the policyholders themselves, who are directly interested in the finan cial outcome, the cost of the protection to them depending upon their own losses. The subscribers usually assuming obligations for specified amounts in addition to any initial deposits which they may have made and in some cases assuming an unlimited additional liability-much depends upon the responsibility of the underwriters, as well as upon their punctuality in meeting obligations. As the liability assumed is individual, and not joint (with one or two exceptions), it is essential to the value of a policy in its entirety that each and every underwriter subscribing thereto shall be good for his share of the aggregate insurance; for if one underwriter proves to be unable to pay his share, it cannot be recovered from the others. The character of the management also counts for a great deal, in estimating the value of a Lloyds policy; for, although the Lloyds may have a strong list of underwriters, a reckless or plunging manager may involve the concern so deeply in losses that the latter would greatly exceed the maximum liability of the underwriters, with consequent loss to the insured. There are Lloyds and inter-insurance associations in business today which have long and honorable records, and whose policies may be accepted with con. fidence. Careful discrimination should be exercised between such associations and those which may be classed as totally irresponsible, or those which habitually scale their loss payments. American Lloyds, New York. Great Western Lloyds, New York. LLOYDS. Lumber Underwriters, New York. Merchants' Fire Lloyds, New York. National Underwriters of America, N. Y. RECIPROCALS OR INTER-INSURERS. Allied Unds. at N. Y. & Chi. Lloyds, N. Y. Casualty Indem. Exch., St. Louis, Mo. Employers Ind. Exch., Kansas City, Mo. Ins. Ex. Nat. Ret. Dry Gds. As., Chi., Ill. Lloyds, Reciprocal and Individual Underwriters, Etc.—(Continued) Lumbermen's Ind. Exch., Kansas City. Merchants & Mfrs. Int.-Ins. Alliance, Tex. Reciprocal Annex, Kansas City, Mo. Warner Inter-Ins Bureau, Chicago, Ill. LLOYDS OF LONDON. Lloyds, London, England, is an association of underwriters incorporated by law to underwrite marine risks. It has been in existence since 1726, and has its offices in the Royal Exchange, London. The insurance is written by the underwriters as individuals not by the association as a whole, but usually by individuals in small groups. The under writers at Lloyds are also allowed to underwrite all other kinds of risks, independently of the marine organization, which assumes no responsibility in other than the marine business. These individual underwriters do a considerable business in fire insurance in the United States, through brokers here, but Lloyds is not regularly licensed for business except in Illinois. Disputed claims have to be settled in the British courts, except in Illinois, where suit can be brought in a State court. The Assurance Companies Act requires the marine underwriters to provide a certain amount of deposit security and to report to the Board of Trade annually. THE RECORD OF FIRE INSURANCE BY STATES The Standard Authority on Fire Insurance Results Classified by States The information contained in this record is classified by States A Few Extra Copies Available. Sample Pages on Request THE WEEKLY UNDERWRITER 80 MAIDEN LANE, NEW YORK, N. Y. in the United States ETNA LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, Hartford, Conn. Incorporated June, 1820. Commenced business October, 1850. OFFICERS.-Pres., Morgan G. Bulkeley; V. Pres., J. L. English; V. Pres. and Treas., M. B. Brainard; Asst. Treas., M. G. Bulkeley, Jr.; Sec. C. E. Gilbert; Asst. Sec., W. H. Newell; Actuary, H. W. St. John; Associate Actuary, M. H. Peiler; Gen. Counsel, Lewis Sperry. DIRECTORS.-Morgan G. Bulkeley, W. E. A. Bulkeley, M. G. Bulkeley, Jr., J. O. Enders, J. L. English, M. B. Brainard, Lewis Sperry, D. Newton Barney. surance. WRITES.-Life, Accident, Health, Liability and Workmen's Compensation InTERRITORY COVERED.—Ala., Ark., Cal., Colo., Conn., Del., D. C., Ga., Id., Ill., Ind., Ia., Kas., Ky., Me., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Neb., N. H., N. J., N. Y., N. C., N. D., O., Okla., Ore., Pa., R. I., S. C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W. Va., Wis., Wyo., N. M., Canada. AMERICAN BANKERS INSURANCE COMPANY, 43 E. Ohio street, Chicago, Ill. Organized 1909. OFFICERS.-Pres., Ernest W. Spicer; V. Prests., James P. Whedon, D. R MacMartin, Frank C. Rogers; Sec.-Treas., James P. Weedon; Asst. Secs., B. E. Calkins, J. O. Karstrom; Gen. Counsel, Frank C. Rogers; Actuary, J. O. Karstrom. DIRECTORS.-Wallace G. Collins, James P. Whedon, E. W. Wells, C. Longworthy, D. R. MacMartin, W. F. Van Buskirk, E. W. Spicer, J. M. Rumsey, Frank C. Rogers, George H. Bresee, Frank E. Cheeseman, Chas. W. Butler, Thos. O. Wallace, Harry L. Sears. WRITES.-Life Insurance. TERRITORY COVERED.-Ill., Pa., Mich., Iowa, Col., N. Dak., S. Dak., Mo., Wyo., N. Mex., Minn., Utah., Kan., Ariz., Ind., Ohio. AMERICAN CENTRAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, American Central Life Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind. Organized February 23, 1899. OFFICERS.-Pres., Herbert M. Woollen; Prests., E. A. Meyer, E. Woollen, F. W. Morrison, M. F. Belisle; Sec., Carroll B. Carr; Treas., George E. Hume; Actuary, Henry W. Buttolph; Med. Dir., G. V. Woollen; Gen. Counsel, Woollen, Woollen and Welliver. DIRECTORS.-Herbert M. Woollen, David A. Coulter, Carroll B. Carr, Edward A. Meyer, Greenely V. Woollen, George E. Hume, Frank W. Morrison, Russell T. Byers, Evans Woollen, L. C. Huesmann, H. H. Hornbrook. WRITES.-Life Insurance. TERRITORY COVERED.-Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ind., Ill., Mich., Mo., Neb., Ohio, Okla., Pa., Ore., N. C., Tenn., Texas., Wash., Kan. The American Central Life was organized under the Indiana laws February 23, 1899, and commenced business April 1, of the same year. Its capital stock is $137,000. In its first year it took over the business of the Indiana Life Assurance Company, of Indianapolis. The Company has been growing steadily and in a healthy manner ever since organization, and is now one of strength among the companies of the middle West. It is well managed, has had a very favorable mortality experience, pays its claims promptly, offers liberal and attractive policies at low cost, and can boast sound resources to back up its obligations. Only non-participating insurance is written. The achievements of the company are shown in the following figures taken from the latest annual statement: with 1915 data for comparison: Admitted assets, 1916, $5,470,7901915, $4,947,419; net surplus, 1916, $589,665-1915, $506,309; new business paid for in 1916, $8,816,805 in 1915, $8,026,898; outstanding insurance at the close of 1916, $40,456,046-1915, $37,294,630; premium receipts during 1916, $1,097,980-during 1915, $1,065,619; total income in 1916, $1,398,332-in 1915, $1,371,236; payments to policyholders for 1916, $488,850—-for 1915, $531,518. AMERICAN_LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. Des Moines, Ia. Organized February 12, 1899. Reorganized as a stock company August 4, 1900. OFFICERS.-Pres., H. J. Klemme; V. Prests., A. D. Hindman, C. J. Fulton; Sec., J. C. Griffith; Treas., H. A. Bryan; Medical Director, Dr. E. E. Dorr; Actuary, J. M. Emery. DIRECTORS.-H. J. Klemme, C. J. Fulton, E. J. Sidey, E. B. Evans, S. W. Narregang, M. E. Latta, R. O. Morden, J. C. Griffith, A. D. Hindman, E. P. Barringer, Mrs. M. H. Brinton, R. F. Graeber, H. A. Bryan. TERRITORY COVERED.-Ill., Ia., Kas., N. D., Neb., Okla., S. D. Mont., Ore. |