the shortcomings of the men who had brought about its disgrace. Knowledge of the military art, resulting from careful study and earnest application, was a prominent feature in the character of the successful ones; professional ignorance, indolence, and carelessness were the characteristics of the others; and these three things Campbell as a young officer had set himself to avoid. He knew the value of the maxim that what was worth doing was worth doing well. As warriors he thought highly of the French, especially of the old French army, with which he struggled in his youth. Some of his lessons in the art of war he learnt from them as a quiet painstaking student, when the war was closed and other men were enjoying the frivolities of an idle life, where success was measured by the length of their purses. Of the English system he thought with abhorrence, for he had found it to be weak and unjust, but he owed obedience to it, and he gave it all that he owed. He did his duty, for duty was "to hin a sentient, warm-blooded principle, not a cold, passionless, brutish idol." Yet the struggle to obey left some traces of evil influence upon his spirit. He could not help comparing his position and services with those of men above him, though he rarely spoke of himself, lest his speech should savour of disobedience, or outrage the innate modesty which ever guided him; but on the few occasions when he did speak of these things, there was a lofty independence in his words which might have been mistaken for anger.

The more he was neglected the greater became his attachment. to the soldier, whom he rightly looked upon as his lowly brother in adversity, and like himself the victim and slave of a false and abominable system. No man ever studied so thoroughly and knew so intimately the character, the virtues, and the failings of that strange human aggregate which is to many officers a mere locomotive creature to be drilled, and wheeled, and reviewed, to be paraded, and black-celled, and whipped, to be "kept in his proper place,' and to be cursed at until an outraged country ordered the curses to cease, as did the man who had suffered like them and with them for so long a time. Like them, poor in all but knowledge and bravery, he had to suffer like them, and he learnt the worth of men who could endure such suffering, and yet die gallantly for their country's sake. They taught him that the English Army was indeed a noble machine, and composed of such materials as the world could not elsewhere produce, and his loyal soul was bound to them by their virtues, for in the aggregate they had ever proved themselves brave and good and true to their trust. His rugged brow knitted fiercely, and his eye flashed no doubtful fire if he heard a word spoken in their disparagement, or detected any action to their detriment. Though he did not call them his children, they were dear, and dearer even as he advanced in years and in dignity, to the childless old chief;

and if he addressed them, his words flowed with an eloquence and sympathetic charm which deserted his lips when he had to speak to a less congenial audience.

In person, Lord Clyde was well knit, symmetrical and graceful; but as years advanced upon him his shoulders became somewhat bowed, though he lost little of the activity of his youth, and as an old man was eminently remarkable for his vigour. “Sir Colin,” says Dr. Russell, who is speaking of him as he stood on the plains of India, "is every inch a soldier in look and bearing, spare, muscular, well-poised on small well made feet, to which some utilitarian bootmaker has done scant justice and given plenty of leather; one arm held straight down by the side, with clenched fist, the other used with easy gesture; his figure shows little trace of fifty years of the hardest and most varied service, beyond what a vigorous age must carry with it; the face is marked indeed with many a seam across the brow, but the mouth, surmounted by a trimmed short moustache, is clean cut and firm, showing a perfect set of teeth as he speaks; the jaw smooth and broad is full of decision; the eye of the most piercing intelligence full of light and shrewdness." His crisp grey locks still stood close and thick curling over the head and above the wrinkled brow. When he willed it he could throw into his manner and conversation such a charm of simplicity and vivacity as fascinated those over whom it was exerted, and women admired and men were delighted with the courteous and gallant old soldier. But never was he so courteous and good humoured as when under fire, for he was then at home and in the midst of those he loved,

One of his Lordship's last wishes was that he should be interred in Kensal Green Cemetery without any pomp or ceremony. At the last hour, however, the Government, feeling that his honoured remains could scarcely be sent to an obscure grave as those of an obscure man, and acting upon the expressed wishes of the Sovereign herself, changed his place of burial to Westminster Abbey. The mourning coaches of the royal family formed a part of the procession, but in other respects the privacy and absence of display which the departed had recommended to be observed were scrupulously adhered to. But the world cannot suffer its leaders to be taken away from it without one last look at them as they depart for ever; many a soldier who had before followed the departed into the very jaws of death, came voluntarily to the verge of the tomb. The streets through which the procession passed were crowded with groups of persons of all classes, anxious to witness the spectacle, as one belonging to the nation. The body had been removed from the Government House, Chatham, where his Lordship died, to his late residence, 10, Berkeley Square, and it was arranged that the funeral cortège should leave that place as nearly as possible at eleven o'clock. Long before that hour immense crowds had assembled to witness the funeral, and not

withstanding the intended privacy, a complete line was formed throughout Berkeley Square, Piccadilly, St. James's Street, Pall Mall, Cockspur Street, Charing Cross, and so on to the Abbey, and round to the entrance in Dean's Yard. The funeral procession consisted only of a body of police to clear the way. The hearse, without any emblazonments in the shape of escutcheons, &c., drawn by four horses, followed, and fourteen mourning coaches, next came one of the carriages of Her Majesty the Queen, one belonging to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, the carriage of His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, Commander-inChief, and the carriage of Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge. A line of coaches of the nobility and gentry followed.

At half-past twelve the head of the procession entered the western cloisters of the Abbey, and the choir moved on, chanting the opening sentences of the burial service, "I am the resurrection and the life," and "I know that my Redeemer liveth." Preceding the coffin were the clergy of the Abbey. The pall bearers were the Duke of Wellington, and Major-General Eyre, Earl de Grey and Ripon, General Forster, Sir Richard Airey, the Earl of Longford, Lord F. Paulet, and Sir Richard Hamilton. Slowly the procession passed down the south cloister, and turning near the western door, swept up the nave and into the choir, when the first part of the funeral service was performed, the choristers chanting the 90th Psalm, and the Rev. Canon Jennings reading the impressive lesson from the epistle to the Corinthians. The procession then reformed, and the body was borne to the grave, and deposited in its last resting place. The prayers were read, and the passages, "Man that is born of a woman,' " "In the midst of life we are in death," &c., sung by the choir, the music being selected from Croft and Purcell. After the last collect, Handel's anthem "His body is buried in peace, but his name liveth for ever more," was sung with great effect by the choir; and after the blessing, the "Dead March in Saul" was played on the organ. Every one then pressed forward to take a last look into the grave; and there they could see a plain coffin with a name plate bearing a Baron's coronet and an inscription,

"FIELD-MARSHAL LORD CLYDE,

Died 14th August, 1863, aged seventy years."

On the top panel of the coffin, also, were engraved a coronet and a Field-Marshal's baton. Lord Clyde lies close beside Sir James Outram, over whose grave a few months before he bent in deep grief; and whose death it is said produced an impression on his feelings of which he had been unable to divest himself.

Among the honours paid to his memory, not the least interesting was the General Order issued from the Horse Guards by the special order of the Queen :-

His Royal Highness the Field-Marshal Commanding-in-Chief has received Her Majesty's commands to express to the Army her

grief at the lamented death of Field-Marshal Lord Clyde. The great military services performed by Lord Clyde in different parts of the world, the success with which in most trying circumstances he restored peace to Her Majesty's Indian Empire, and the personal regard which Her Majesty and her beloved Consort entertained for his high and honourable character, make Her Majesty deplore the loss which the Queen in common with her Majesty's subjects has sustained."

His Lordship's will was proved in the Court of Probate on the 7th September. The executors were "Major-General Henry Eyre, 98th, now commanding Governor, Chatham; Lieutenant-Colonel Archibald Alison, C.B., formerly military secretary while commander-in-chief in India, and now assistant adjutant-general head quarters, London; Colonel William Montague Scott McMurdo, C.B., aide-de-camp to the Queen; and LieutenantGeneral Duncan Alexander Cameron, 42nd, now commanding Her Majesty's troops in New Zealand." The will and two codicils are dated May 23rd, 1863, and a third codicil July 11th last, signed Clyde, F.M. There are many legacies to officers and personal friends. To Sir William Mansfield he leaves the sword presented to him by the City of London, together with the document conferring upon him the freedom of the City, and that Sir William (whom he wished to have appointed as an executor had not his official duties prevented him from acting), should be consulted as to what papers, if any should be made public; and should any memoir of himself (Lord Clyde) appear, which he would rather did not, it should be limited to Hart's Army List, and be simply the recital of the services of a plain soldier. His Lordship's personal property was sworn under £70,000. To his sister, Miss Alicia Campbell, his Lordship leaves an annuity of £1000, and divides his real estate and the residue of his personal estate between her and General Eyre, leaving also to the General and his family many specific bequests.

Lord Clyde's objection to the publication of a memoir of him, recalls to memory an anecdote connected with the beautiful bust of his Lordship which Mr. Dalgleish, M.P. for Glasgow, desired to present to his fellow citizens as a memorial of the great soldier who was born a Glasgow lad. On his being first applied to by Mr. Ewing, the sculptor, his Lordship positively declined to sit, and it was only on the renewed application of the intending donor and other distinguished Glasgow gentlemen, that he assented. Then he, having entered upon the business, went to work with his old energetic spirit. "How many sittings do you require ?" he asked of Mr. Ewing. Being told, he proceeded, "what time to-morrow can you begin?" "At eight in the morning if that will suit your Lordship." Eight! come that's better than some of the fashionable fellows who won't work till the middle of the day. At eight then, punctually." At the hour appointed the soldier and the

sculptor met, and the bust was begun. Lord Clyde then said, "Couldn't you make it seven in future ?" "Certainly, my Lord," was the agreeable answer. So at seven in the morning in his chambers in the Albany, Lord Clyde gave the sittings while ninetynine out of a hundred of his order were asleep. He never sat for another sculptor, and this memorial is therefore doubly precious.

HYTHE, AND THE PROPOSED REFORMS.

It is scarcely twenty years, since it became notorious that the arms of the British infantry, the boasted "Brown Bess" was a disgrace to the intelligence of the age, as well as an outrage upon common sense when compared with other branches of manufacture in England. At the time I speak of it was laid down in the Queen's Regulations that soldiers were to be practised firing ball cartridge once a year, and it is within my recollection what foolish. figures everyone, from the captain of a troop downwards, appeared at these annual competitions. The target placed at the distance of a short one hundred yards, was fired at in succession by every man that carried a carbine,* and as each captain was anxious that his troop should be the best shots in the regiment, a number of money prizes were given by these officers, to excite emulation and if possible procure efficiency. One would imagine that at such a short range as one hundred yards every shot would have told in some portion of a target, measuring six feet by three, yet I have seen about three hundred shots fired with a result of thirteen hits. And on no occasion but one can I remember a bull's eye ever being scored, and that was only gained by an outrageous fluke. The firer, an awkward nervous mau mounted upon an unsteady horse, moved up out of the ranks to fire in his turn. Getting the carbine to his shoulder he prepared to take aim, and this causing his horse to rear; he frightened closed his eyes, pulled the trigger, dropped his carbine, grasped his steed round the neck-and got the much coveted distinction of a bull's-eye in the target. The bullet had hit the ground close to the target, and ricocheted itself into a distinguished position and the hero of all these accidents into the first prize of ten rupees. Of course every one knew that he was not entitled to the money, yet a bull's-eye was so seldom made that the captain did not care about looking too closely into the manner the triumph was achieved.

Such was about the general practice through H.M.'s Service in the year 1850; and now when it would be much more impossible to miss a target a hundred yards off, than it was then to hit it,

Troop sergeant-majors and trumpeters are armed with pistols.