Stores.

Unpaid undelivered orders... Adjustment to prior years.. Advances...

1964 actual

1963 $2,372 3,652

56,496 1,971

2,936

4,542

383

64,496

65,945 67,114 -1,832 -152

64,113 66,962 69,980

64,527

-31

64,496

64,113 4,295

-3,645 1,122

-195

65,689

1965 1966 estimate estimate

1964 adjustments

57,130 59,284 1,979 2,370 2,939 3,065

5,066

5,261

69,980

-$52 875

66,962 69,980

65,100

65,100

1,862

66,962 3,645 -5,826

195

63,156

1,820

69,980

1 Includes capital outlay as follows: 1964, $1,515; 1965, $1,000; 1966, $1,000. Selected resources as of June 30 are as follows:

69,980

69,980

5,826 -6,681

69,083

42

1964 1965 1966 $2,635 $2,535 $2,535 2,381 2,328 2,328

-1

Total selected resources... 6, 024

823 5,015 4,863 4,863

The Weather Bureau measures, records, reports, forecasts, and distributes information on weather conditions and river stages for the benefit of U.S. commerce, industry, agriculture, and the general public.

1. Weather measurements and forecasts.-Measurements of weather conditions at the earth's surface and aloft are made at thousands of locations throughout the United States, its territories, and over international waters, and in foreign lands in cooperation with other countries. These data are disseminated widely for use by the general public, industry, agriculture, commerce, and aviation; they are stored and analyzed to become the record of the "climate" of the United States; and they serve as the input data necessary to all forecasts of weather, river, and

Identification code 06-60-1400-0-1-506

10

Personnel compensation:

Permanent positions...
Positions other than permanent.
Other personnel compensation..

99.0

Total personnel compensation..

12.0 Personnel benefits...

21.0 Travel and transportation of persons.

22.0 Transportation of things..

23.0 Rent, communications, and utilities.

24.0 Printing and reproduction....... 25.1 Other services..

25.2 Services of other agencies.

26.0 Supplies and materials..

31.0 Equipment....

32.0 Lands and structures...

Total obligations....

Object Classification (in thousands of dollars)

1964 actual

Identification code 06-60-1411-0-1-506

Total number of permanent positions..
Full-time equivalent of other positions.
Average number of all employees...
Average GS grade..
Average GS salary.

Personnel Summary

Financing:

21 Unobligated balance available, start of year. 24 Unobligated balance available, end of year

New obligational authority (appropriation)..

40,768 338

3,665

44,771

3,210

975

1,058

6,281

101

815

536

5,434

911

21

64,113

5,691 62 5,271 8.6 $8,010

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

For expenses necessary for the conduct of research by the Weather Bureau, including development and service testing of equipment; operation and maintenance of aircraft; and for acquisition, establishment, and relocation of research facilities and related equipment; [$10,400,000 $13,510,000, to remain available until June 30, [1967] 1968: Provided, That appropriations heretofore granted under this head shall be merged with this appropriation. (15 U.S.C. 313; 72 Stat. 783; Department of Commerce Appropriation Act, 1965.)

Program and Financing (in thousands of dollars)

1964 actual

4,876

2,329 2,303

277

286

-707 -1,714 1,714 200

9,393 11,914 3,059 2,244

1965 1966 estimate estimate

6,052 7,318

2,180

2,515

2,125

2,547 565

370

377

475

10,071 11,104 -678 810 290 9,393 11,914 13,710

-200

10,400 10,400 13,510

13,710 3,054

1964 1965 1966 1,409 2,219 2,509

48

48

48

1,457 2,267

2, 149

2, 557

The Weather Bureau conducts research and development to improve our understanding of the atmosphere; to provide new and improved methods of exploring and observing the atmosphere; to increase the scope and accuracy of weather forecasts; to develop a capability of exercising some measure of control over the atmosphere; to improve hydrologic forecasts; to provide new and improved techniques for analysis and presentation of climatic information; and, in general, to remove those limitations on the provision of meteorological services which are the result of a lack of fundamental knowledge about the atmosphere.

1. Meteorological-(a) Atmospheric processes, forecasting, and observing techniques.-Basic and applied research and development is conducted on the physical and dynamical phenomena that contribute to weather and climate, on all scales of atmospheric motions, on short- and longrange weather forecasting methods, and on measurement, forecasting, and communication systems for meteorology. (b) Hurricane, tornado, and other severe storms.-Research on these destructive and hazardous storms is conducted to understand their physical nature; to determine how they form and move; to improve our ability to detect and predict them; and to develop a capability of controlling them. (c) Satellite.-Research is conducted for the purpose of improving the meteorological satellite as an observing device; of using satellite data to increase our understanding of atmospheric phenomena; of developing methods for using satellite data to improve weather forecasts; and the development of techniques and equipment for the collection and relay of weather data from remote land and ocean stations by means of balloons and satellites.

Identification code 06-60-1410-0-1-506

The cost of operating and maintaining equipment installed under this appropriation is covered by the appropriation for "Salaries and expenses, Weather Bureau." 1. Upper-air observational facilities.-Consists of ground installations to track, continuously, radio transmitters carried to altitudes of 100 000 feet by sounding balloons. It also includes miniaturized equipment for use on shipboard to obtain measurements of high altitude weather conditions over the oceans.

Personnel compensation: 11.1 Permanent positions.. 11.5 Other personnel compensation..

2. Weather surveillance radar.-Provides a continuous picture of changing weather conditions up to 200 miles from the stations to facilitate the preparation of forecasts and increase the advance-warning time.

Total personnel compensation..

12.0 Personnel benefits..... 21.0 Travel and transportation of persons22.0 Transportation of things.-23.0 Rent, communications, and utilities.

24.0 Printing and reproduction.... 25.1 Other services...

3. Surface observational facilities.-Consists of instruments that measure, record, and transmit cloud height, visibility, temperature, humidity, wind direction and velocity, precipitation, and river stage data for use in weather and hydrologic forecasting and in controlling

air traffic.

25.2 Services of other agencies. 26.0 Supplies and materials.

4. Communications and data processing equipment.Consists of storage and retransmission equipment for use on circuits so that weather analyses, including satellite cloud data, may be relayed to Weather Bureau offices. ADP equipment is also used to compile weather data for optimum use in forecasting, and in processing and archiving these data for climatological use.

5. Construction of facilities.-Covers construction of office and housing units at places where these facilities are not available from any other source and construction of office space at airports where rent-free space is no longer available.

6. Engineering and technical support.-Provides staff for planning, site surveys, actual installation, and initial calibration of equipment.

Object Classification (in thousands of dollars)

1965 1966 estimate estimate

4,697

3,003

-3,570

4,131

5,201 3,570

-3,934

4,837

Object Classification (in thousands of dollars)-Continued

Identification code 06-60-1410-0-1-506

31.0 Equipment.... 32.0 Lands and structures..

99.0

Total obligations...

Total number of permanent positions..
Average number of all employees.
Average GS grade....
Average GS salary..

Identification code 06-60-1412-0-1-506

Personnel Summary

METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE OPERATIONS

For expenses necessary to establish and operate a system for the continuous observation of worldwide meteorological conditions from space satellites, and for the reporting and processing of the data obtained for use in weather forecasting [$10,000,000] $30,100,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That this appropriation shall be available for payment to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for procurement, in accordance with the authority available to that Administration, of such equipment or facilities as may be necessary to establish and operate the aforesaid system. (15 U.S.C. 311-313, 325-328; 72 Stat. 783; Department of Commerce Appropriation Act, 1965.)

Program and Financing (in thousands of dollars)

1964 actual

Obligations affecting expenditures____.

1,720

384

3,979

67

67

8.6

$8,010

1964 actual

54 1,400 9

1,463

1965 1966 estimate estimate

2,120

315

4,697

31.739 -26,519

61

61

8.8 $8,491

5,220 48,904 -44,547

9,577

2,334

4,185

1,853 2,122

1,068

1.280

5,255

7,587

6,718

14,980

25,021

19,583

31,739 34,563

2,620 422

5.201

10,000

68

61

8.8

$8,525

34,563 -1,228

430 10

19,540

4,600

2,940

1.340

8,880

28,420

1,680

30,100

30,100

30,100

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-Continued WEATHER BUREAU-Continued

General and special funds-Continued

METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE OPERATIONS-Continued

The Weather Bureau is responsible for the establishment and operation of a National Operational Meteorological Satellite System (NOMSS) to observe continuously worldwide weather conditions and to process, analyze and archive the data obtained for use in weather services and research. NOMSS is administered by the National Weather Satellite Center (NWSC) at Suitland, Md.

Appropriations through 1965 have financed the establishment of the basic ground facilities and procurement of the initial spacecraft and launch vehicles to permit implementation of NOMSS in mid-1966 utilizing the TIROS Operational Satellite (TOS). The 1966 estimate provides for the manpower and material resources required to achieve operational effectiveness, to maintain observational continuity, and to improve the efficiency of the satellite system.

1. Spacecraft and launching. This activity covers the procurement and launching of operational meteorological satellites. Flight units to inaugurate the operational system were funded in prior years. Three additional units are required in 1966 to maintain system continuity.

2. Command and data acquisition. This activity covers the establishment and operation of ground facilities for command of the spacecraft, acquisition of observational data, and transmission of data to the NWSC. Command and Data Acquisition (CDA) stations have been established at Fairbanks, Alaska, and Wallops Island, Va. The 1966 estimate provides for around-the-clock operation of these facilities. Efforts to remote CDA operations and centralize meteorological functions to increase efficiency while reducing manpower will be completed during 1966. A saving of 32 positions at CDA stations is reflected in the estimates.

3. Data processing, analysis, and archiving.—ADP facilities are used to convert satellite observational data into forms suitable for immediate operational use in weather forecasting and service programs, and subsequent use for research and climatological purposes. The 1966 estimate provides for the implementation of 24-hour operation of central CDA analysis and processing functions; systems engineering and development efforts leading toward improvement of NOMSS; the increased automation of data handling systems; and, continuation of the Washington-Moscow communications link.

4. Technical management.-Technical management and support for NOMSS is provided by the National Weather Satellite Center, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under reimbursable agreements. Object Classification (in thousands of dollars)

and Welfare..

Federal Aviation Agency.

National Aeronautics and Space
Administration..

National Science Foundation...
Other agencies.- -

Total meteorological studies and
statistics..

1,199

28.371

127

301

31,739

147

79 8.6

$8,010

1964 actual

20

1,976

279 47 383 1,151

810

179

4,845

1,264 98 1,609

84

111 214

43

es

3.423

es