sides an advantageous mode of pursuing most of the objects of study, polite literature is cultivated with great success.

The number of Students in this College at the close of the year 1803, amounted to about 150; a greater number than ever before belonged to the institution. They are chiefly boarded in the College edifice. The annual expense of each is not certainly known, but is believed to be from 150 to 170 dollars.

The annual Commencement in this College is on the last Wednesday of September.

In PENNSYLVANIA there are three Colleges, viz.

1. The University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia. This institution was formed in 1791, by the union of the College of Philadelphia, founded in 1753, (see page 352) and another institution, formed immediately after the Revolutionary war, under the same title which the united seminaries now bear.

The Officers of this institution are, a Provost (this place is now vacant), who is also Professor of Natural Philosophy; a Vice-Provost, who is also Professor of Logic and Moral Philosophy; a Professor of Greek and Latin Languages; a Professor of Mathematics; a Professor of English and Belles Lettres; and a Professor of Oriental Literature. Besides these, the instructors in the Medical School are, a Professor of Ana'tomy; a Professor of the Institutes and Practice of Medicine; a Professor of Materia Medica, Natural History, and Botany; and a Professor of Chemistry. This Medical School is much more frequented by Students than any other in the United States. (See vol. i. p. 320. and vol. ii. p. 393.)

The Library of this seminary consists of about 1000 volumes. The Philosophical Apparatus is tolerably good. The whole number of Students belonging to the institution, at the close of the year 1803, was about 160; but of these only a small portion actually belonged to the classes in College.

2. Dickinson College, in Carlisle. This College was founded in the year 1783, and received the name which it bears in honour of JOHN DICKINSON, Esquire, the celebrated political writer, and its most liberal benefactor. (See page 382.)

The Government of this College is in the hands of a Board of Trustees. The Officers are, a President (now the Rev. Dr. NISBET); Vice-President; and two Professors. The Library consists of about 3000 volumes. The Philosophical Apparatus is small. The amount of the Funds is not known to the writer.

The number of Students in this College is believed to be about 45 or 50. They are boarded in private families in the

town.

3. Franklin College, in Lancaster. This institution was founded in 1787, for the particular accommodation of the German inhabitants of Pennsylvania, to enable them to educate their youth in their own language, and in conformity with their own habits. The Principal is a German Lutheran, and the Vice-President a Calvinist. Its present state is not known to the writer; but it is believed not to be in a very flourishing condition.

In Maryland there are four Colleges, viz.

1. St. John's College, at Annapolis. This College was founded in the year 1784; and, together with the seminary which will be next mentioned, forms the " University of Maryland."

This College is governed by twenty-four Trustees. Its Officers are, a President (now JOHN M'DOWELL, Esq.) and two Professors. Its Funds are chiefly derived from voluntary subscription, and an annual grant of £1750 from the State, aided by the income from the Students for tuition. Its Library is moderately large; and its Philosophical Apparatus only tolerably good.

In 1801 the number of Students in this institution was about 90.

2. Washington College, in Chestertown, instituted in 1782, and, like the preceding, placed under the direction of twentyfour Visitors or Trustees. In 1787 a permanent fund was granted to this institution, by a law of the State, of £1250 a year; which has been since continued. No other particulars concerning this College are known to the writer.

3. The Catholic College, at Georgetown, on the Potowmac. This institution is under the particular direction of the Roman Catholics, who form a considerable part of the population of Maryland. The writer has not been so happy as to succeed in his attempts to obtain particular information concerning this seminary.

4. Cokesbury College, at Abingdon, in Harford county. This College was founded by the Methodist Church in 1785, and intended for the education of youth belonging to that communion. It is so called in honour of the Rev. THOMAS COKE, and the Rev. FRANCIS ASBURY, Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church. No particulars are known to the writer respecting the Officers, Funds, number of Students, &c,

In Virginia there are two Colleges, viz.

1. William and Mary College, at Williamsburgh. This institution was incorporated in 1693, by King WILLIAM and Queen MARY, whose names it bears. The credit of obtain ing the Charter, and of organizing the establishment, is due to the Rev. JAMES BLAIR. (See p. 335.) This was the second College founded in the American Colonies.

The governing powers in this College are vested in a Board of Visitors, not exceeding twenty. The Officers are, a President (now the Rev. Dr. MADISON, Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the State of Virginia), who is also Professor of Moral and Natural Philosophy; a Professor of Mathematics; a Professor of Ancient Languages; a Professor of Modern Eánguages; a Professor of Law; and a Professor of Chemistry.

In the Moral School, in this College, the course consists of, 1. Logic and the Philosophy of the Human Mind. On these subjects, the works of DUNCAN, REID, and Professor STEWART are studied. 2. Rhetoric and Belles Lettres. Here Dr. BLAIR's Lectures are chiefly used. 3. Moral Philosophy. In this department the author studied is PALEY. 4. Natural Law. RUTHERFORTH and BURLAMAQUI, &c. 5. Law of Nations. VATTEL and MARTENS. 6. Politics. LOCKE, MONTESQUIEU, ROUSSEAU, &c. 7. Political Economy. SMITH'S Wealth of Nations. In Natural Philosophy there is a regular course of Lectures, attended with every necessary experiment. In this course, the works generally referred to, and recommended, are those of RoWNING, HELSHAM, MARTIN, DESAGULIERS, MUSCHENBROECK, CAVALLO, ADAMS, LAVOISIER, CHAPTAL, &C.

In the department of Law, the Professor takes an extensive view of the general principles of government; comments on the great work of Judge BLACKSTONE; explains the structure and principles of the American governments, and particularly of the government of Virginia. In teaching the ancient and modern Languages, the usual course is pursued. Though all the Students are not compelled to attend to the former, yet a competent knowledge of them is necessary in order to the taking of a regular degree.

No particular period of residence at this College is required. All students who are prepared to go through the prescribed examination may receive its honours.

The number of Students in this College, in the beginning of the year 1801, was 53. The Library contains about 3000 volumes. The Philosophical Apparatus, when procured in

1768, was well chosen, and tolerably complete. It cost, at that time, between 2000 and 3000 dollars. Having been in constant use for more than 30 years, it stands in need of repairs, and is less complete than at first.

The Funds of this College were much diminished by the Revolution. They now amount to about 4500 dollars per annum-derived from the rents of certain lands; a certain proportion of Surveyor's fees; and the interest of monies loaned.

There is probably no College in the United States in which political science is studied with so much ardour, and in which it is considered so pre-eminently a favourite object, as in this.

2. Hampden Sidney College, in Prince Edward County. This seminary was founded about the year 1774, chiefly by the exertions of the Rev. SAMUEL S. SMITH, now President of the College of New-Jersey.

This College has scarcely any Funds. The Philosophical Apparatus is small. Its Library consists of about 500 volumes. The number of Students may be estimated, in general, at about 60 or 70.

NORTH-CAROLINA has one College, viz.

The University of North-Carolina, in Chapel-Hill, Orange County. This institution was incorporated in 1789; and the Legislature of the State, by subsequent acts, made large grants for its support. The College buildings were erected in 1794; and tuition, it is believed, was commenced in 1795.

The Funds of the University of North-Carolina are large. They consist of £14,777 in cash, public stock and bonds; of all the property in the State which is, or shall hereafter be escheated; of 94,000 acres of land, in different parts of the State; and of other real property to a considerable amount. No other particulars concerning this institution are known to the writer.

SOUTH-CAROLINA has four Colleges, viz.

1. Winnesborough College, in Winnesborough, in Fairfield County. This institution was founded about the year 1795. It is yet in an infant state; the Funds, number of Students, &c. being small.

2. A College in the city of Charleston. This was instituted about the same time with the preceding; but has not yet attained any great degree of respectability. The Trustees have, in a few instances, conferred the degree of Bachelor of

Arts; but have not, it is believed, attempted to bestow literary honours of an higher grade.

3. A College at Cambridge, in the district of Ninety-six. This was incorporated at the same time with the two last mentioned seminaries; but it has dwindled into an unimportant school.

4. A College at Beaufort, also incorporated about the year 1795. This institution has yet been scarcely organized; but agreeable anticipations are formed of its respectability and usefulness.

The reason why no College in this State has risen to much respectability is, that the Legislature, instead of directing their aid and patronage to one, which, under these circumstances, might have flourished, have divided their attentions and grants among several. The consequences have been very unfriendly to the progress of literature.

GEORGIA has one College, viz.

The University of Georgia, founded in 1785. This institution is not yet fully organized. Liberal provision has been made by the State for its support; and when the buildings and other arrangements shall be completed, it bids fair to be an extensively useful seminary.

KENTUCKY has one College, viz.

The Transylvania College, or University, at Lexington. This seminary was formed by the union of two academies in December, 1798, and styled by the act of union the Transylvania University.

The Government of this institution is vested in a Board of Trustees. The Officers are, a President (at present the Rev. Mr. MOORE), who is also Professor of Logic, Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy, and Belles Lettres; a Professor of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, and Geography; a Professor of the Greek and Latin Languages; a Professor of Law; a Professor of Medicine and Surgery; and a Professor of Chemistry.

The Funds of this University consist chiefly of lands, and may be considered as amounting to 179,000 dollars. The Library consists of more than 1300 volumes; besides a Law Library, and a Medical Library, for the Students of Law and Medicine. The Philosophical Apparatus is respectable, and measures have been taken to render it still more so.

The number of Students at this seminary, in 1801, was