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Monetary Policy and the Management
of the Public Debt

HEARINGS

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON

GENERAL CREDIT CONTROL AND DEBT

MANAGEMENT

OF THE

JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE ECONOMIC REPORT

CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES

EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS

97308

SECOND SESSION

PURSUANT TO

Section 5 (A) of Public Law 304

(79th Congress)

MARCH 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27,
28, AND 31, 1952

Printed for the use of the Joint Committee on the Economic Report

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1952

JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE ECONOMIC REPORT
(Created pursuant to sec. 5 (a) of Public Law 304, 79th Cong.)

JOSEPH C. O'MAHONEY, Wyoming, Chairman
EDWARD J. HART, New Jersey, Vice Chairman
WRIGHT PATMAN, Texas
RICHARD BOLLING, Missouri
CLINTON D. MCKINNON, California
JESSE P. WOLCOTT, Michigan
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER, Massachusetts
J. CALEB BOGGS, Delaware

JOHN SPARKMAN, Alabama
PAUL H. DOUGLAS, Illinois
WILLIAM BENTON, Connecticut
ROBERT A. TAFT, Ohio
RALPH E. FLANDERS, Vermont
ARTHUR V. WATKINS, Utah

II

GROVER W. ENSLEY, Staff Director
JOHN W. LEHMAN, Clerk

SUBCOMMITTEE ON GENERAL CREDIT CONTROL AND DEBT MANAGEMENT
WRIGHT PATMAN, Texas, Chairman

RICHARD BOLLING, Missouri
JESSE P. WOLCOTT, Michigan
HENRY C. MURPHY, Economist to the Subcommittee

PAUL H. DOUGLAS, Illinois
RALPH E. FLANDERS, Vermont

CONTENTS

Statement of:

Appleby, Paul, dean of the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public
Affairs of Syracuse University-.

Bell, James Washington, chairman, Department of Economics,
Northwestern University (submitted).

Economists' National Committee on Monetary Policy, New York, a
submitted statement by 63 members--‒‒

Fennelly, John F., Investment Bankers Association of America, ac-

companied by Robert Craft, vice president, Guaranty Trust Co.

of New York___

Folsom, Marion B., Chairman, Board of Trustees, Committee for Eco-

nomic Development.

Pollock, Dr. James K., professor of political science and chairman of
the department of political science, University of Michigan_-_-
Powell, Oliver S., Chairman, National Committee, Voluntary Credit
Restraint Program, and member of the Board of Governors, of the
Federal Reserve System, accompanied by George B. Vest, Robert C.
Masters, Charles H. Schmidt, and Harold L. Cheadle.
Preston, Howard H., professor of money and banking, University of
Washington (submitted)

Page

573

Robinson, Leland Rex, professor of political economy, New York Uni-
versity (submitted).

911

248

291

Harris, Seymour E., professor of economics, Harvard University--- 355, 380

Hemingway, W. L., American Bankers Association_.
Kemmerer, Donald L., professor of American economic history,

324

University of Illinois (submitted) ----

Keyserling, Leon H., chairman, Council of Economic Advisers___

926
143,

154, 185, 269

389

73,99

584

922

940

463

928

932

552

935

506

Sproul, Allan, president, Federal Reserve Bank of New York___
Thomson, J. Cameron, chairman, Committee on Monetary, Fiscal and

296

939

Debt Policy, Committee for Economic Development_--
Trant, James B., dean, College of Commerce, and professor of money
and banking, Louisiana State University (submitted).
Wiggins, A. L. M., chairman, board of directors, Atlantic Coast Line
Railroad Co., and associated railroad companies---.
219, 235

Goldenweiser, E. A., member, Institute for Advanced Study,

Princeton University

Stein, Harold, staff director, Committee on Public Administra-
tion Cases___

Viner, Jacob, professor of economics, Princeton University--.
Wilmerding, Lucius, Jr.

The role of business, labor and agriculture in the determination of

monetary and debt management policy‒‒‒

--

The role of the banking system in a dynamic economy.

Participants:

Fleming, Robert V., president and chairman of the board,
the Riggs National Bank, Washington, D. C‒‒‒‒‒‒

Lindow, Wesley, vice president, Irving Trust Co., New York

City---

Reierson, Roy L., vice president, Bankers Trust Co., New
York City---
Tapp, Jesse W., executive vice president, Bank of America,
San Francisco, Calif.

Woodward, Donald B., second vice president, the Mutual Life
Insurance Co. of New York.

What Should Our Monetary and Debt Management Policy Be?--‒‒‒‒
Participants:

Ellis, Howard S., professor of economics, University of Cali-
fornia____

Friedman, Milton, professor of economics, University of Chi-

cago.

Mikesell, Raymond F., professor of economics, University of
Virginia___

Samuelson, Paul, professor of economics, Massachusetts In-
stitute of Technology-

Whittlesey, C. R., professor of finance and economics, Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania.--.

Supplementary statements:

Bryan, Malcolm, president, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta_---
Friedman, Milton, University of Chicago----

Keyserling, Leon H., chairman, Council of Economic Advisers---.
Mikesell, Raymond F., University of Virginia..........

Additional information furnished for the record:

Behavior of Deposits Prior to Suspension in a Selected Group of

Banks

748

761

757

754

752

799

831

597

629

633, 637

626

602
685

598

686

688

711

691

698

432

743

276

746

Lending, Inc., Fifth District Commercial Banking Voluntary Credit
Restraint Committee, report of..

Letter from Chairman Martin on miscellaneous legal points arising
during the hearings---

Letter from Library of Congress, to Joint Committee, relative to Fed-
eral Agencies having independent sources of income--
Letter from Preston Delano, to Congressman Patman, relative to affili-
ation between banks in Texas__--

Letter received from Allan Sproul on the independence of the Federal
Reserve System__

Letter to Congressman Patman from Carrol M. Shanks, regarding

removal of Secretary of Treasury from the Federal Reserve Board__

Letter to Congressman Patman, from National Association of Manu-

facturers, regarding appearance at hearing_.

Monetary Management, by E. A. Goldenweiser, excerpt from__.
"Open Mouth" Rule Ends in United States Bonds, article from New
York Times_.

Payments to the Treasury by Federal Reserve banks.

Remarks of Allan Sproul, president, Federal Reserve Bank of New

York, at Seventy-fifth Annual Convention of American Bankers

Association, San Francisco, Calif., November 2, 1949_.

Remarks of Allan Sproul, president, Federal Reserve Bank of New

York, before Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of Life Insurance Asso-

ciation of America, New York City, December 12, 1951__.

Report of the four member committee (Chas. E. Wilson, chairman),
appointed on February 26, 1951, and reporting on May 17, 1951---.
Reserve Bank reserve requirements and Federal Reserve credit_.
Schedule of hearings (announced before opening) ------
Treasury Department, preparation of answers to questionnaire_-_.

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484

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482

800

398

116

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