Secretary JACKSON. That is precisely what we mean. By "it," we didn't mean universal military training. We said we would like to have authority if we failed on the voluntary basis to fill in the needs to meet the required training. Now we didn't regard that as universal military training. Mr. PRICE. Mr. Chairman-would the gentleman from Pennsylvania yield? Mr. VAN ZANDT. Yes. Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Price. Mr. PRICE. Now when you came up here last year the 1,000 trainees was to have been on a compulsion basis. Now have you changed your position on that and you no longer feel there is any necessity for compulsion, taking it out of the voluntary classification in which the committee put it last year? Secretary JACKSON. We are not asking for any change in that; no, sir. And we have reached, on a voluntary basis under very difficult circumstances, something around 48,000 now. Mr. WINSTEAD. Would the gentleman yield at that point? Mr. PRICE. Yes. Mr. WINSTEAD. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will yield. You referred to the fact we have 300,000, I believe, at the present time with less than 6 months training in our National Guard programapproximately 300,000. Secretary JACKSON. We have 300,000 in the overall program, but we have only 44,000 as of the chart in the Army and 5,000 or 6,000 in the Marines; yes, sir. Mr. WINSTEAD. Now if this new directive is carried out-in the National Guard, I believe you used the figure somewhere around 83 percent were short of the 6 months basic training. Then if they fail to get volunteers for that program, would it then be your plan to recommend induction of personnel to be assigned to the National Guard as you recommended in your legislation last year, in the original bill? Secretary JACKSON. No, sir. It would be our recommendation to follow the concrete proposals which the Army has in the event that there is and there may be a contemplated slump off, any danger of going below levels. The Army has as they will testify, sir, certain safeguards to preclude that possibility which the Army, itself, initiated along with the plan. Mr. WINSTEAD. I believe the National Guard have 400,000, approximately that number, at the present time? Secretary JACKSON. Yes, sir. Mr. WINSTEAD. And if they failed to get these recruits what would be your plan to fill up that gap for the National Guard? Are you just assuming they won't have difficulty getting the 6 months' volunteers? Secretary JACKSON. We assume there will be some adjustment period. I would prefer-I am familiar with it. I would prefer, if you will, not to usurp on the prerogatives of the Army. I would be glad to go over it, but they are here to tell you, sir. Mr. BROOKS. My suggestion, members of the committee, is this: We have the Secretary of the Army sitting by. I think he can answer these questions relating to the Army Guard very clearly and quickly. Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, I have one more question. Mr. BROOKS, Let's go down the line as far as we can. Mr. VAN ZANDT. I have one more question. Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Van Zandt. Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Secretary, can you make available for the record the directives that are mentioned on pages 2 and 3 of your statement? Secretary JACKSON. Yes, sir; we have them right here, for reference, for each of the members of the committee. Mr. VAN ZANDT. I think they should be in the record. (The documents above referred to are as follows:) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE AUGUST 2, 1956. No. 1200.8 Subject: Welfare, morals, health, and safety of members of the Ready Reserve undergoing active duty for training for basic training. References: (a) Subsection 262 (e), Armed Reserve Act of 1952, as amended. (b) Department of Defense Directive No. 1215.9, Reserve Forces Active Duty for Training for Basic Training, dated May 11, 1956. I. PURPOSE The purpose of this directive is to prescribe policy guidance with respect to the welfare, morals, health, and safety of members of the Ready Reserve who are receiving active duty for training for basic training. Such persons are referred to herein as trainees. II. SCOPE AND APPICABILITY This directive is applicable to those military departments conducting active duty for training programs pursuant to Department of Defense Directive No. 1215.9, Reserve Forces Active Duty for Training for Basic Training, dated May 11, 1956. A. Community relations III. WELFARE Whenever practicable and appropriate, installation commanders shall make every effort to form local citizens advisory committees at stations where active duty for training for basic training is conducted, for the following purposes: 1. To encourage, by community influence, the operators of establishments serving military personnel to employ proper practices or be declared off limits. 2. To insure that commercial establishments in the vicinity of training installations comply with local laws governing the sale of alcoholic beverages to minors. 3. To encourage local communities to provide wholesome off-duty recreation, entertainment, and social activities for trainees. 4. To encourage local religious leaders to take an active interest in the welfare of the trainees and their attendance at local religious services and related activities. 5. To provide trainees, where appropriate, with friendly counsel from local civic leaders, attorneys, clergymen, and businessmen in the solving of any problems which may arise involving the trainees. 6. To encourage local community leaders to deliver lectures as a part of the cultural and educational activities of the program whenever practicable. B. Educational activities 1. Instruction shall be given trainees in general nonmilitary subjects, including character guidance lectures, covering but not limited to such areas as moral principles, democratic responsibility, sex education, and government. Every effort should be made to impress upon the trainees knowledge of their obligation to protect the institutions which give to American life its distinctive qualities and their own importance to the Nation in that supreme task. 2. Trainees shall be accorded opportunities to improve their educational status and to inquire into fields which interest them. The facilities of the United States Armed Forces Institute shall be available to trainees. Any trainee whose attainments do not include a fourth-grade education should be offered courses to raise his educational level toward that grade to the extent possible in light of the required military training. 3. Installation commanders shall cooperate with local citizens committees in seeking arrangements for the extension of city library loan privileges to trainees. The customary library facilities of military installations shall also be available to trainees. C. Athletics Each of the services' training programs shall include athletics and body-buiding programs comparable to those offered to basic trainees of the Active Forces. D. Social recreation Social activities, adequate lounge facilities, snack bars, informal game facilities, and motion picture facilities shall be made available to trainees during their offduty hours. Recreational assistance may be sought at the installation level from local USO committees, civic groups, and other related associations. E. Hobbies Hobby shops shall be made available to trainees to the greatest practicable extent, and opportunities will be accorded trainees to take part in extracurricular activities such as dramatics, band, orchestra, and glee club. F. Legal processes 1. Commanding officers, courts-martial, and appropriate reviewing and appellate authorities shall give full regard to the youth and inexperience of the trainees in imposing punishment or in approving or affirming such punishment. 2. The trainee's rights and duties under applicable laws and regulations, including State and local laws regarding behavior, should be carefully explained to the trainees as soon as possible after their arrival at an installation. G. Compensation Trainees shall be permitted to continue to receive compensation from any person, firm, or corporation while in training on the same basis as other persons of the Reserve components undergoing active duty for training. H. Trainers and instructors Necessary action will be taken to insure that trainers and instructors have the highest moral and ethical standards. Such personnel should exercise a 24-hour-day responsibility and example, taking an interest in everything the trainees do, visiting their mess halls, barracks, and clubs regularly. I. Facilities 1. Installation facilities such as soda fountains; snack bars; filling stations; laundries; barber, tailor and shoe repair shops; photographic studios; and newsstands should be available to trainees. 2. Guest houses for visiting parents should be provided whenever possible. A. Religious activities IV. MORALS 1. Chaplains of the Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish faiths shall be available for personal counseling and regular services. In the event that a particular faith has no chaplain available when needed by a trainee, a local minister, priest, or rabbi should be called upon for help. 2. Services and instructions such as those available to regular military and civilian personnel shall be made available to trainees. All sacraments and rites shall be made available to trainees. 3. Chaplains should (a) Extend to the trainees a word of welcome upon arrival at training stations, explain to them what a chaplain does in the Armed Forces and invite them to come at any time to talk with him as friend and counseler. (b) Interview each trainee as soon as possible after he enters training. Based on this interview, a religious data and interview card can be prepared for the chaplain's guidance during the training period. (c) Be available for counsel at all times. (d) Give opportunities to church-related trainees to share voluntarily in choirs and in Bible and religious education classes. (e) Make available to trainees of no church relationship voluntary instruction in religious principles or preparatory classes for baptism and church membership. (f) Visit and be available to hospital patients for counsel, personal conferences, or any other service they can render. B. Associates To protect the trainees against undesirable associates, no person who has been convicted of any felony shall be permitted to enlist into the program. C. Control of alcoholic beverages 1. Regulations pertaining to the sale of alcoholic beverages to trainees, including the prohibition of sales to minors, will be in conformity with applicable Federal, State, Territorial, or local laws or regulations. 2. Establishments which do not comply with local laws governing the sale of alcoholic beverages to minors shall be placed off limits. 3. To facilitate compliance with such laws the identification cards of trainees will show clearly date of birth, age, or otherwise indicate that the trainee is a minor when such is the case. 4. Soft drinks and other such refreshments will be within easy access of trainees in enlisted men's clubs. A. Equality of treatment V. HEALTH Medical treatment, including hospitalization and surgical care, shall be furnished to trainees in the same manner as furnished to members of the Armed Forces in general. B. Medical care Trainees are entitled to be retained beyond their training period for the purpose of receiving hospitalization, or medical, surgical, or dental care occasioned by accidents or illness. C. Inspections Quarters, food, and sanitary facilities shall be inspected frequently and regularly by the proper authorities to insure adequacy. A. Vehicle registration VI. SAFETY All motor vehicles belonging to trainees and operated on military installations shall be registered and their use thereon strictly supervised. B. Supervision of recreational activities Recreational activities, such as swimming, shall be closely supervised. The opportunity to learn to swim should be afforded to all trainees. VII. COOPERATION WITH THE NATIONAL SECURITY TRAINING COMMISSION A. Visitations Reference (a) charges the National Security Training Commission with advising the President and the Secretary of Defense and reporting annually to the Congress with respect to the welfare of persons enlisted under section 262 of the Armed Forces Reserve Act of 1952, as amended, while performing the initial period of active duty for training. In order to carry out its statutory responsibilities: 1. The Commission has established procedures under which Commissioners, or other qualified persons designated by them, will conduct periodic visitations to the training installations. While the Commission has no responsibility for military training itself, it will inquire into all other aspects of the program, including such matters as food, housing, recreation, health, safety, religious activity, morals, welfare, character guidance, information, and education. 2. The Commission and its authorized representatives shall have access to all matters relating to the welfare of trainees in each of the training installations and should be authorized to talk freely to commanding officers, training personnel, and trainees. B. Access to Commission No trainee shall be denied the right to direct and private access to the Commission and its representatives. VIII. ACTION REQUIRED This directive is effective immediately. Copies of service directives implementing its provisions will be furnished the Directors of Personnel Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower, Personnel, and Reserve), within 90 days. C. E. WILSON, Secretary of Defense. MAY 9, 1956. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE Subject: Reserve training in soverign foreign nations. I. PURPOSE To provide a uniform policy for the training of members of the Reserve Forces who may be temporarily residing in soverign foreign nations. II. POLICY A. The Secretaries of the military departments may authorize the conduct of scheduled drills or training periods, correspondence courses, and such other active or inactive-duty training as they consider appropriate for members of the Reserve forces who may temporarily be residing in sovereign foreign nations which permit the United States to maintain troops of the active military forces (other than military advisory assistant group of attaché personnel) within their boundaries. B. Prior to authorizing such training, the Secretaries of the military departments will instruct the attachés from their respective departments to inform the United States Ambassador and the appropriate officials of the foreign government of their intent to conduct such training. In the event the foreign government should interpose any objection, the Secretaries of the military departments shall furnish the Secretary of Defense with al the facts pertaining thereto, together with their recommendations. C. This policy does not prohibit the conduct of inactive-duty training, such as correspondence courses, in those sovereign foreign countries in which the United States does not maintain active military forces and where an agreement between the United States and the sovereign foreign country concerned has been made for the conduct of such training. III. ACTION REQUIRED This directive is effective immediately. Copies of service directives implementing its provisions will be furnished the Director of Personnel Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower, Personnel, and Reserve), within 90 days. C. E. WILSON, Secretary of Defense. May 11, 1956 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE Subject: Reserve forces active duty for training for basic training. (a) The Universal Military Training and Service Act, as amended. (c) Executive Order 10650, Regulations Governing the Selection of Certain Persons who have Critical Skills for Enlistment in Units of the Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces. |