ciations, had induced him, while his cause was pending, to wander into the House of Lords. A stranger, mistaking him in all probability for a mere gaping country gentleman, inquired of him if he had ever before beheld such a scene. The old man pointed toward the throne. "Never," he replied, "since I sat in that chair."

To the last, Richard enjoyed good health, and at eighty years of age used still to gallop about the country. He died at Cheshunt, in the house of Sergeant Pengelly, his supposed son, on the 12th of July, 1712, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. Shortly before his departure, "Live in love," he said to his daughters, "for I am going to the God of love." He was buried with some magnificence in the chancel of Hursley Church, where one of his daughters afterward erected a monument to his memory.

Richard Cromwell appears to have had a due sense of religion, without any of the puritanical austerity of the age in which he lived. According to the account of an old inhabitant of Hursley (one Peter Colson, who was the bearer of a torch at his funeral), the ex-Protector and his family were constant in their attendance at the parish church. Service being restricted at Hursley to once every Sunday, he used to attend alternately the Established Church, and an anabaptist meeting at Romsey.

The face of Richard Cromwell is said to have

been handsome and thoughtful; his appearance graceful, and his manners engaging. He was the father of nine children, but left no male heir to perpetuate his name. During his lifetime, however, one of his sons, Oliver Cromwell, had been extremely active at the Revolution, and even offered to raise a regiment for King William, for service in Ireland, on condition that he should be allowed to nominate his own captains. There existed an apprehension, however, that his name might render him too popular in a disturbed country, and the offer was consequently declined.

CHAPTER VII.

HENRY CROMWELL.

His Resemblance to His Father, the Great Protector - His Military Services - His Amiable Character - His Marriage -Appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland- - His Admirable Administration in That Country - His Recall - Lives in Retirement after the Restoration - Visited by Charles II. -His Last Illness-The King Interests Himself in His Sufferings His Death and Burial - Encomiums on His

HENRY CROMWELL was the second surviving son of the great Protector. Had he been the first-born of his father, probably Charles the Second would never have succeeded to the throne of his ancestors. He is said to have borne a strong resemblance to his father, not only in person but in mind.

Henry was born at Huntingdon, on the 20th January, 1628, and was educated at Felsted school in Essex, in the neighbourhood of his mother's relations. He entered the Parliamentary army at the age of sixteen, and before he was twenty obtained a troop in Fairfax's life-guards. In 1649, having attained the rank of colonel, he accompanied his father in his expedition to Ireland.

In 1650, we find him surprising Lord Inchiquin's quarters, in company with Lord Broghill, and killing and taking prisoners a large body of the enemy. He was present at the siege of Limerick in 1651, and in the "Barebones Parliament," which assembled in 1653, was returned as one of the members for Ireland.

It would be difficult to conceive a more estimable character than that of Henry Cromwell. His enemies have proved nothing against him, and his friends have said everything in his favour. Granger styles him a "great and good man," and the encomium appears to be merited. He was religious, honourable, and warm-hearted; possessed a clearness of intellect and a strength of mind which bordered closely on genius; and made himself beloved by all ranks and under all circumstances. No one, as well on account of the name which he bore, as of the high station which he afterward filled, could have been more open to calumny, and yet the ill-natured sneers of a few party writers are all that can be discovered in his disfavour.

About the year 1653 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Francis Russell, Bart., of Chippenham, in Cambridgeshire. Noble, who speaks of this lady as "exemplary in her conduct and elegant in her manners," informs us that she was for many years remembered by the people of Wicken (in which place she had long resided) as the "good lady Cromwell." She died on the

7th of April, 1687, and was buried close to her husband in Wicken Church.

In 1654, the University of Cambridge returned Henry Cromwell as their member, and the following year he was sent to Ireland with the intention of appointing him lord deputy. For fear, however, of alarming the republicans, he bore at first merely the rank and commission of a major-general of the army. In passing through Anglesea, on his way to Ireland, being shocked to find that there were only two ministers of religion in the whole island, he immediately applied to the government to increase their number. At Dublin he was received with enthusiasm. "Upon his arrival in the bay," says Ludlow, "the men-of-war that accompanied him, and other ships in the harbour, rang such a peal with their cannon, as if some great good news had been coming to us." He was respectfully received on his landing by the civil and military officers of the town.

Intricate as was the game which he had to play, Henry Cromwell, by his engaging manners and politic conduct, soon paved the way to popularity and success. "In Ireland," writes Baxter, in his "Life of Himself," "they were grown so high, that the soldiers were many of them re-baptised as the way to preferment; and those that opposed them they crushed with much uncharitable fierceness. To suppress these, Cromwell sent thither his son Henry, who so discountenanced the Anabaptists, as yet to