(3) Panama Canal Company or Canal Zone Government employees under the Federal Employees' Compensation Actto the extent and in the proportion that such failure to meet the requirements of this section proximately causes or contributes to the causalty and resulting damages.

CROSS REFERENCE: Federal Employees' Compensation Act, see 5 U.S.C. 8102 et seq. § 109.7 Passing through locks; use of towing locomotives and ship's engines.

(a) A vessel passing through the locks shall normally be assisted by electric towing locomotives using steel towing wires. A vessel may be permitted to pass through the locks under her own power in the following circumstances:

(1) A small vessel up to 125 feet in length may be handled with her own manila, hemp or synthetic fiber lines along the wall, if her structure will permit her landing against the wall.

(2) A small vessel not over 100 feet in length, having good maneuvering characteristics, may be handled with her own manila, hemp or synthetic fiber lines the center of the chamber.

(b) A vessel passing through the locks without a Pilot aboard, in accordance with the provisions of § 105.2 of this chapter shall be under the direction of the Lockmaster, who may authorize the use of the vessel's engines in the locks.

(c) When a vessel has a Pilot aboard, the use of her engines shall be under the direction of the Pilot. After towing wires from the towing locomotives have been placed aboard a vessel, her engines may be used to the extent considered necessary or desirable by the Pilot. § 109.8

Penalties for violation. Whoever violates any of the provisions of §§ 109.1 to 109.7 is subject to punishment as provided in 2 C.Z.C. 1331, 76A Stat. 46, by a fine of not more than $100, or by imprisonment in jail for not more than 30 days, or by both.

PART 111-RULES FOR THE PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS

111.141

111.142

Sec.

111.143 Two power-driven vessels or two motorboats meeting end on.

111.144 Two power-driven vessels or two motorboats crossing with risk of

collision.

111.145 Right-af-way for power-driven vessels, motorboats, and sailing vessels in certain cases.

111.146 Vessels meeting in vicinity of ob

111.147 111.148 111.149 111.150 111.151

structions.

Course and speed of privileged ves-
sel.

Burdened vessel not to cross ahead.
Speed of burdened vessel.
Overtaking vessels.

Meeting in Canal channel. 111.152 Passing Panama Canal floating equipment or vessels under repair. 111.153 Sound signals when vessels are in sight of one another.

111.154 Sound signals not to be used except as prescribed.

111.155 Power-driven vessel or motorboat rounding a bend.

111.156 Sound signal for power-driven vessel or motorboat leaving berth. 111.157 Sound signals for passing through the gate in a pipe line. Sound signals for passing floating equipment using maneuvering lines.

111.158

111.201

and Panama Canal Company vessels. Subpart E-Miscellaneous

Distress signals.

111.202 Orders to helmsman.

111.203 Diving operations; industrial and commercial; recreational skin diving; light, flag.

111.204 Water skiing; observer required; prohibited times and areas. 111.205 Operation of small craft in recreation-site areas prohibited.

111.206 Operating small craft while intoxicated or while under the influence of drugs prohibited.

111.207 Small craft; hazardous operation. Subpart F-Penalties for Violation

111.221 Penalties for violation.

AUTHORITY: The provisions of this Part 111 issued under authority vested in President by 2 C.Z.C. 1331, 76A Stat. 46, and delegated to Secretary of Army by § 3.1(a)(1) of this chapter.

SOURCE: The provisions of this Part 111 appear at 31 F.R. 12295, Sept. 16, 1966, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A-Definitions; General Rules § 111.1 Application of part.

The provisions of this part shall be applicable to vessels and seaplanes upon the navigable waters of the Canal Zone between a line connecting East Breakwater Light and West Breakwater Light at the Atlantic Entrance to the Canal in Limon Bay and a line passing through Channel Buoys 1 and 2 extended to the Canal Zone boundary lines at the Pacific Entrance in Panama Bay. Upon all waters of the Canal Zone to seaward, outside these limits, the International Rules apply. Where any naval or military vessel of special construction as certified to by the Secretary of the Navy or the Secretary of the Treasury in the case of Coast Guard vessels operating under the Treasury Department, or by a corresponding official of a state, other than the United States, shall by virtue of statute, convention or treaty, be exempted from compliance with the International Rules, such vessel shall similarly be exempted from compliance with any corresponding requirement under the provisions of this part.

As used in this part, except where the context requires otherwise:

(a) "Vessel" includes every description of water craft, other than a seaplane on the water, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water.

(b) "Seaplane" includes a flying boat and any other aircraft designed to maneuver on the water.

(c) "Power-driven vessel" means any vessel propelled by machinery other than a motorboat.

(d) "Motorboat” means any vessel not more than 65 feet in length which is propelled by machinery except tugboats and towboats, and includes all vessels or boats temporarily equipped with a detachable motor.

(e) Every power-driven vessel or motorboat which is under sail and not under power is considered a sailing vessel, and every vessel under power, whether under sail or not, is considered a power-driven vessel or a motorboat, as the case may be.

(f) A vessel or seaplane on the water is "underway" when she is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.

(g) "Height above the hull" means height above the uppermost continuous deck.

(h) The length and breadth of a vessel shall be deemed to be the length and breadth appearing in her certificate of registry.

(i) The length and span of a seaplane is its maximum length and span as shown in its certificate of airworthiness, or as determined by measurement in the absence of such certificate.

(j) "Visible", when applied to lights, means visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere.

(k) "Short blast" means a blast of about 1 second's duration.

(1) "Prolonged blast" means a blast of from 4 to 6 seconds' duration.

(m) "Danger signal” means the giving of several short blasts in rapid succession, not less than five in number.

(n) "Whistle" means whistle or siren. (o) "Tons" means gross tons.

however, That seagoing vessels, the lights of which comply with the International Rules, shall not be required to comply with any additional requirements respecting lights contained herein.

§ 111.42 Same; power-driven vessel under way.

A power-driven vessel when under way shall carry:

(a) On or in front of the foremast, or if a vessel without a foremast then in the forepart of the vessel, a bright white light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 20 points of the compass (225 degrees) so fixed as to show the light 10 points (1121⁄2 degrees) on each side of the vessel, that is, from right ahead to 2 points (222 degrees) abaft the beam on either side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 5 miles.

(b) Either forward of or abaft the white light mentioned in paragraph (a) of this section, a second white light similar in construction and character to that light.

(c) These two white lights shall be so placed in a line with and over the keel that one shall be higher than the other and in such a position that the lower light shall be forward of the upper one. The horizontal distance between the two white lights shall be at least three times the vertical distance.

(d) On the starboard side a green light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 10 points of the compass (1121⁄2 degrees), so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 2 points (221⁄2 degrees) abaft the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(e) On the port side a red light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an are of the horizon of 10 points of the compass (1121⁄2 degrees), so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 2 points (221⁄2 degrees) abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(f) The said green and red sidelights shall be fitted with inboard screens projecting at least 3 feet forward from the light, so as to prevent these lights from being seen across the bows.

(g) At the stern a white light so constructed that it shall show an unbroken

A seaplane under way on the water shall carry:

(a) In the forepart amidships where it can best be seen a bright white light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 220 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light 110 degrees on each side of the seaplane, namely, from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on either side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 3 miles.

(b) On the right or starboard wing tip a green light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 110 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(c) On the left or port wing tip a red light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 110 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(d) On the tail a white light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 140 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light 70 degrees from right aft on each side of the seaplane, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

§ 111.44 Same; power-driven vessel or motorboat from 26 to 65 feet in length towing or pushing another vessel or seaplane.

A power-driven vessel or a motorboat from 26 to 65 feet in length when towing another vessel or vessels alongside or by pushing ahead shall carry two bright white lights in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than 3 feet apart,

and when towing one or more vessels astern, regardless of the length of the tow, shall carry an additional bright white light an equal distance above or below such lights. Each of these lights shall be of the same construction and character, and one of them shall be carried in the same position as the white light mentioned in § 111.42 (a) or § 111.55 (a): Provided, however, That on a vessel with a single mast, such lights may be carried on the mast. The towing vessel shall also show the side lights, stern light, and the forward or after range light of a power-driven vessel or motorboat from 26 to 65 feet in length under way.

§ 111.45

Lights and shapes; vessel or seaplane on the water, not under command.

(a) A vessel which is not under command shall carry, where they can best be seen, two red lights in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than 6 feet apart, and of such a character as to be visible all around the horizon at a distance of at least 2 miles, such lights to be, if the vessel is a power-driven vessel, in lieu of the range lights required by § 111.42(a), (b), and in lieu, if the vessel is a motorboat, of the white lights required by § 111.54 (a) or § 111.55 (a), (b). By day she shall carry in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than 6 feet apart, where they can best be seen, two black balls or shapes each not less than 2 feet in diameter.

(b) A seaplane on the water which is not under command may carry, where they can best be seen, two red lights in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than 3 feet apart, and of such a character as to be visible all around the horizon at a distance of at least 2 miles, and may by day carry in a vertical line one over the other not less than 3 feet apart, where they can best be seen, two black balls or shapes, each not less than 2 feet in diameter.

(c) The vessels and seaplanes referred to in this section, when no making way through the water shall not carry the colored side lights, but when making way they shall carry them.

(d) The lights and shapes required to be shown by this section are to be taken by other vessels and seaplanes as signals that the vessel or seaplane showing them is not under command and cannot therefore get out of the way.

A vessel employed in the transportation or transfer of flammable, explosive, or otherwise dangerous commodities shall carry, in addition to her appropriate mooring, anchor, or navigation lights, where it can best be seen, a red light of such a character as to be visible all around the horizon at a distance of at least 2 miles. By day she shall display, where it can best be seen, a red flag.

§ 111.47 Lights, shapes, and flag; Canal floating equipment operated by maneuvering lines.

Units of Canal floating equipment operated by maneuvering lines, when such lines are taut, shall carry a red light on each side located at least 8 feet above the deck and near the positions of the maneuvering lines which lights shall be so constructed as to show all around the horizon and be plainly visible at a distance of at least 1 mile. By day, such units shall carry a black ball on each side in some conspicuous place located at least 8 feet above the deck and near the positions of the maneuvering lines. When such maneuvering lines are slack so that they no longer form an obstruction in the channel, the red light over the slack wire shall be extinguished and, by day, the black ball on such side shall be lowered. Canal floating units from which divers are working or which are under repair at the side of the Canal, shall display, where it can best be seen, a similar red light by night and a red flag by day.

§ 111.48 Lights; marking of pipe lines laid in navigable waters.

Whenever a pipe line is laid in navigable waters, it shall be marked at night by red lights at intervals of 200 feet. The lights marking the limits of the gate shall be a vertical display of a white and a red light, the white light to be at least 4 feet above the red light. These lights shall be so constructed as to show all around the horizon and be visible from a distance of at least 1 mile.

§ 111.49 Same; ferryboats.

Ferryboats shall carry the lights required by this subpart for vessels of their class: Provided, however, That doubleend ferryboats shall carry, in lieu of the required range lights and stern light, a central range of clear bright white lights showing all around the horizon at equal altitudes forward and aft and visible at a distance of at least 5 miles.

§ 111.50 Same; sailing vessel under way and vessel or seaplane being towed. A sailing vessel under way and any vessel or seaplane being towed shall carry the same lights as are prescribed by §§ 111.42 and 111.43 for a powerdriven vessel or a seaplane under way, respectively, with the exception of the white lights specified in §§ 111.42(a) (b) and 111.43 (a), which they shall never carry. In a small vessel, if it is not possible on account of bad weather or other sufficient cause for the stern light as described in § 111.42(g) to be fixed, an electric torch or a lighted lantern shall be kept at hand ready for use and shall, on the approach of an overtaking vessel be shown in sufficient time to prevent collision.

§ 111.52

Same; tows made up of barges, scows, etc.

In a tow made up of barges, scows, etc., being towed by a hawser in tandem, each craft making up such tow shall carry a white light at the bow and another at the stern; when any such tow is made up of two or more craft abreast, a white light shall be carried at each corner of such tow. Tows made up of barges, scows, etc., being towed alongside the towing vessel, shall display a white light on the outer bow and another on the outer stern of such tow. The white lights required under this section shall