had Admittance into the Church and Covenant of God, by Faith, in order to their external Salvation.

311. But, befides these three inftances, in which he supposes a Court to be held by the fupreme Judge, there is a fourth to which he points, Chap. ii. 1-17; and that is the final Judgment, or the Court which will be held in the Day, when " God will Judge the Secrets of Men by Jefus Chrift." And it is with Regard to that future Court of Judicature, that he argues Chap. ii. 117. But in the other Cafes, whence he draws his Arguments, he supposes the Courts of Judicature to be already held; and confequently argues in Relation to the Economy, Conftitution, or Difpenfation of Things in this prefent World. This is very evident, with Regard to the Court, which he fuppofes to be held, when our Lord came into the World, or when the Gofpel-Conftitution was erected in its full Glory. For, fpeaking of the Juftification, which Mankind then obtained, through the Grace of God in Chrift, he exprefsly confines that Juftification to the prefent Time, Chap. iii. 26;" To demonitrate, I fay, his Righteoufnefs,[Ev NYN xai;] at the prefent Time." This plainly diftinguithes the Righteoufnefs, or Salvation, which God then exhibited, from that Rightcoufnefs, or Salvation, which he will veuchfafe in the Day of Judgment, to pious and faithful Souls.

С CHIA P. XVI.

The grand Key to the Epiftles. The Scripture Notion of Righteoufnefs, Jufification, and Juftily demonftrated.

312.

TH

HIS Diftinction, between the Salvation, which God exhibited at the firft Preaching of the Gofpel, and that which he will vouchfafe to good Men in the Day of Judgment, leads us to the grand Key to the Epiftles; particularly, to the Romans and Galatians. Which is this; That the Juftification, Righteoufnefs, being juftified without Works, which the Apoftle fpeaks of, is not final and eternal Juftification; but that first, antecedent, and abfolute Juftification already fpoken of [275]; whereby we Gentiles, who were Sinners and Idolaters, deferving of Condemnation and Deftruction, were pardoned, and, upon our Faith, delivered from the Power of Darkness, and tranflated into the Kingdom of the Son of God's Love.

313. That, I conceive, which has occafioned Miftakes upon this Head, is this; That Righteoufnefs, which fometimes fignifies a moral Character in general, or a Perfon's being juft and upright, has always been understood in that Senfe, and diftinguished into inherent, or perfonal Righteoufnefs, and imputed Righteoufnefs; which is, as Divines have told us, when the perfonal Righteoufnefs of another is made ours,

or

or is put to our account. Whereas righteoufnefs, befides moral rectitude in general, admits of two or three other fenfes. Likewife juftification, justify, being juftified, have been applied to one cafe only; namely, our full and final acceptance with God, or our being totally delivered from condemnation, and accounted worthy of eternal falvation through Jefus Chrift. Whereas these terms are applied to various cafes, or to any inftance of deliverance and falvation, through the mercy and goodnefs of God.

314. To fettle this point in a proper manner, let it be observed; That the apoftles, in the New Teftament, ufe the language and fpirit of the Old. They were Jews, well verfed in the Jewish fcriptures, accustomed to their style and fentiments, and infpired with the fame fpirit of truth and wifdom, which fpake in the ancient prophets. Therefore we muft explain the phrafcology of the apoftles by that of Mofes and the prophets. And the Greek of the Septuagint version, which was commonly read by thofe Jews who lived in foreign countries, and fpake the Greek language, will ferve to thew us what words in the Hebrew correfpond to the Greek words which the Apoftles ufe. For the Apoftles ufe the Helleniftick Greck, into which the Old Testament is tranflated, and which the Jews in their difperfion commonly read.

315. Now the word, which in the New Teftament we render Righteoufnefs, is AIKAIOZYNH. And the word in Hebrew, which anfwers to the Greek word AIKAIOEYNH righteoufnefs, is, or PT, which is fometimes, but more rarely tranflated norm, kindhefs to the poor, Eugerum, joy, gladnefs, and Exos mercy. And when thofe words, Y, Seacon, which we tranflate righteoufnefs, are applied to God, they frequently fignify that goodness, kindness, benignity, mercy, favour, by which he faves and delivers from any enemy, danger, evil or fuffering. And hence they are ufed to fignify the falvation and deliverance itfelf, which the goodnefs and favour of God vouchfafes. Conformable to this, to be juftified (naodai) is to be delivered, faved, refcued from any danger, enemy, evil or fuffering. I fay, these terms refer to any cafe of deliverance and falvation whatsoever: as will appear from the following collection of

texts.

316. Judges v. 11. "They that are delivered from the noife of archers in the places of drawing water; there fhall they rehearse the Righteousness 3 the gracious deliverances] of the Lord, even the Righteousness [diakova; gracious deliverances] of his villages in Ifrael." Here it is applied to a national deliverance from the oppreflions of a foreign power.

317. Pfalm iv. 1. "Hear me when I call, O God of my Righteoufness, Aixatorus us, of my falvation, juftification] thou haft enlarg ed me when I was in [temporal] diftrefs, have mercy upon me, and hear my prayer."

Y

318. Pfalm xxii. 31. "They fhall come and fhall declare his Righteoufnefs [his juftification, his faving mercy to the Gentile world Aixam unto a people that fhall be born, that he hath done this." 319. Pfalm xxiv. 5. "He fhall receive the bleffing from the Lord, and

Righteouf

Righteoufnefs [preferving goodnefs, or deliverance 7 Elenor] from the God of his falvation."

320. Pfalm xxxi. 1. "In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust, let me never be afhamed: deliver me in thy Righteousness," [in thy goodness *, εν τη δικαιοσύνη σου.]

בצרקתך

321. Pfalm xxxv. 28. "And my tongue fhall fpeak of thy Righteouf nefs, [thy juftification, goodness, faving mercy, diznoun>] and of thy praife all the day long."

322. Pfalm xxxvi. 10. "O continue thy loving kindness to them that know thee; and thy Righteousness [TMPTY) THE dixxiom oo, thy juftification, goodness, faving mercy] to the upright in heart.”

323. Pfalm xl. 10. "I have not hid thy Righteousness [juftification, mercy, goodness, dialoovy Go] within my heart, [but] I have declared thy faithfulness, and thy falvation; I have not concealed thy loving kindnefs."

324. Pfalm xlviii. 10. " According to thy name, O God, fo is thy praife unto the ends of the earth: thy right-hand is full of Righteoufne" [juftification, falvation, faving goodness, diaorums.]

325. Pfalm li. 14. "Deliver me from blood-guiltinefs, O God, thou God of my falvation: and my tongue shall fing aloud of thy Righteoufnefs" [juftification, forgiving, faving mercy, as our σ8.] 326. Pfalm lxix. 27. "Add iniquity [fuffering, punishment] to their iniquity: and let them not come into thy Righteousness” [justification, faving mercy, PB Six100m ON.]

εν

327. Pfalm

* Agreeably to this fenfe the adjectives 3 dias, righteous, juft, fignify good, kind, gracious, &c. 1 Sam. xxiv. 17, Thou art more righteous than 1, &c. Ezra ix. 15, O Lord God of Ifrael, thou art righteous [good], for we remain yet efcaped. Pfal. cxii. 4, Unto the upright there arifeth light in the dark efs; he is gracious, and full of compaffion, and righteous [good, kiud]. Pfal. cxvi. 5, Gracions is the Lord and righteous: yea, our God is merciful. Prov. xii. 10, A righteous man regardeth the life of his beaft. xxi. 26, The righteous giveth and spareth not. Ifai. xlv. 21, A jutt [gracious] God, and a Saviour. lvii. 1, The righteous pɑrifh, and no man lays it to heart; and merciful men are taken away. Zech. ix. 9,--thy King comes he is juft, and having falva tion. Mat. i. 19,her bufband being a juft [tender and compaffionate] man, and not willing to make her a public example. Mat. xxv. 37, 46. The righteous are defcribed as the kind, and beneficent. Rom. iii. 26, that be might be juft [gracious] and the juftifier of him that believes in Jejus. 1 John i, 9, He is faithful and jufl [gracious] to forgive us our fins.

In this fenfe juftus and juftitia are fometimes ufed in Latin, Precor, nequis fix Rex fit, quam ifte tam juftus [facilis, humanus ] hoftis, tam mifericors victor. Q. Curt. Lib. IV. cap. 10. ad finem. Darium ut pacem a te peteret, nulla vis fubegit: fed juftitia & continentia tua expreffit. Ibid. Lib. IV. Cap. 11. Perfae juftimum ac mitiffimum dominum- invocantes. Ibid. Lib. X. Cap. N. Hunc morem Encas pietatis idoneus auctor attulit in terras, jufie Latine, tuas Ovid. Faftor. Lib. II. Vir Trojane, quibus coelo, te laudibus acquem? Juftitiae ne prius mirer, belline laborum? Virg. Æneid. XI. 125. Mi Chreme, peccavi, fa teor, vincor. Nunc hoc te obfecro: Quanto tuus eft animus natu gravior, ignıfcentior, ut meae ftultitias in juftitia tua fit aliquid præfidi. Ter. Heauton. Act. 4. Scen. 1. 1. 33. Semper tibi apud me jufta & clemens fuerit Servitus. Andr. 1. 1. 9. Agreeably to this Injuflitia fignifies unkind, cruel, ulage, Eum go bine ejeci miferum injuftitá med. Heauton. A&t 1. Scen, 1. 1. 82.

εν τη δικαιοσύνη

327. Pfalm lxxi. 2. "Deliver me in thy Righteousness [Juftification, faving Mercy, Goodness, is on dixeron σe,] and caufe me to efcape: Incline thine Ear unto me, and fave me."-Ver. 15, "My Mouth fhall fhew forth thy Righteousness [ TRY dixaio vin, Juftifiτην δίκαιο cation, preserving Goodness] and thy Salvation all the Day."-Ver. 16, "I will go in the Strength of the Lord God: I will make Mention of thy Righteousness [Juftification, delivering Mercy, 3 THE 8.XXITIONS 8,] even of thine only."-Ver. 24, "My Tongue alfo fhall talk of thy Righteousness [Juftification, faving Goodness, dix] all 1973 δικαιοσύνην] the Day long: For they are confounded-that' feek my [temporal] Hurt."

328. Pfalm lxxxv. 9-13. [PTY dixanoum.]

Pfalm lxxxviii. 10, 11, 12. [3 dixaiorum.]

Pfalm lxxxix. 16. "In thy Name fhall they rejoice all the Day; and in thy Righteousness [Juftification, Goodness, Salvation,

εν τη δικαιοσυνη σε] fhall they be exalted.”

και

329. Pfalm xcviii. 2. "The Lord has made known his Salvation: His Righteousness [Juftification, preferving Goodnefs,

Ty Ty Sixalocuals] hath he openly fhewed in the Sight of the Heathen." 330. Pfalm ciii. 6. "The Lord executeth Righteousness [Mercy henμorras] and Judgment for all that are oppreffed."-Ver. 17. But the Mercy of the Lord is from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him: And his Righteoufnefs [preferving Goodness, Juftification, n dixa,oovin avle] unto Children's Children."

צדקתו

331. Pfalm cvi.31." And that [his executing, Judgment] was counted unto him [Phinehas] for Righteousness dixiorumy, for Juftification, a Grant of Favour, the Donation of a Privilege or Honour; namely, the Priesthood entailed upon him and his Pofterity] unto all Generations for evermore." So,

332. Gen. xv. 6. "And he [Abraham] believed in the Lord; and he counted it to him for Righteousness" [pty s dixitum, for Juftifica tion, a Grant of Favour, the Donation of a Privilege; namely, the taking him and his Pofterity into a special Covenant.]

333. Pfalm cxix.40. "I have longed after thy Precepts, Quicken me in thy Righteousness" [Juftification, Mercy, Goodnets, 33 εν τη dixaoun ou.Ver. 123, " Mine Eyes fail for thy Salvation, and for δικαιοσυνη the Word of thy Righteousness" [P3 xa.ums, Juftification, Mercy, Goodness.]

334. Pfalm cxxxii. 9. Let thy Priefts be cloathed with Righteousness [Juftification, Salvation, Tao] and let thy Saints fhout for Joy." See Ver. 16. and the parallel Place, 2 Chron. vi. 41. "Let thy Priefts, O Lord God, be cloathed with Salvation, and let thy Saints rejoice in Goodnefs."

335. Pfalm cxliii. 1. "Hear my Prayer, O Lord, give Ear to my Supplication: In thy Faithfulness anfwer me, and in thy Righteoufnefs [Juftification, Goodnefs, Mercy, P Ey Ty dixocum ce. Ver. 1I, Quicken me, O Lord, for thy Name's Sake. For thy Righteoufnefs Sake [for the Sake of thy Goodnefs, dixasoo um ca, in, or by thy εν τη δικαιοούνη σω,

66

בצדקתך,for the Goodness]

Goodness] bring my Soul out of [temporal] Trouble."

336. Pfalm cxlv. 7. "They fhall abundantly utter the Memory of thy

great

great Goodness, and fhall fing of thy Righteousness" [Mercy, Salvation, και τη δικαιοσυνη σε αγαπλατύναι. ]

צדקתך,Juftification

337. Ifai. i. 27. "Sion fhall be redeemed with Judgment, and her Converts with Righteousness" [Mercy, Goodnefs, p, para izenpoor•

338. Ifai. xli. 10. "Fear thou not, for I am with thee,-I will ftrengthen thee, yea, I will help thee, yea I will uphold thee, with the Right-hand of my Rightecuffs" [Goodacfs, psp,

δίκαια.]

339. Ifai. xlii. 6. "I the Lord have called thee in Righteousness," [Mercy, Goodnefs, 73, divas

340. Ifai. xlv. 8. Drop down, ye Heavens, from above, and let the Skies pour down Righteoufn" [Mercy, Geodrefs, 7, dinasty:] Let the Earth open, and let them bring forth Salvation, and let Righteousness [93 dna.com] fpring up together: I the Lord have created it." -Ver. 13," I have railed him [Cyrus] up in Righter ffs, [Goodness, madrac.) and I will direct all his Ways."-Ver. 24. Surely fhall one fay, In the Lord have I Righteoufnefs [Salvation, ] and Strength."

341. Ifai. xlvi. 12, 13. “Herken unto me, ye Stout-hearted, that are from Righteous [balvation, at Tas dranous.] I bring near my Rightconfnfs: [faving Goodlefs, Tp13, tardixanoimps] it shall not be far off, and my Salvation fhall not tairy; and I will place Salvation in Zion for Ifrael my Glory."

342. Ifai. xlviii. 18. " that thou hadst hearkened unto my Commandments! Then had thy Peace been as a River, and thy Righteoufnefs [Salvation, perhaps, Profpeiity, parum,

of the Sea."

as the Waves

343. Ifai. li. 1. "Hearken unto me, ye that follow after Righteousness, [Salvation, 13, o dia] ye that fuck the Lord," &c. Ver. 3. "For the Lord fhall 'comfort Zion, he will comfort all her waite Places," &c.Ver. 5. "My Righteousness [Goodrefs, PT, dan is near: My Salvation is gone forth," &c. So again, Ver. 6. "My Salvation fhall be for ever, and my Righteousness thall not be abolished." And again, Ver. 8.

בצדק,Profperity

344. Ifai. liv. 14. "In Righteousness [Mercy, Goodness, perhaps Peace, By die onthou fhalt be eftablished: Thou shalt be far from Oppreffion, for thou fhalt not fear; and from Terror, for it fhall not come near thee.' -Ver. 17. "No Weapon that is formed against thee fhall profper, &c. This is the Heritage of the Servants of the Lord, and their Righteousness [Salvation, pasi και εμεις έσεσθε μοι είκανοι] is of me, faith the Lord."

345. Hai. Ivi. 1.-"Keep ye Judgment and do Juftice: For my Salvation is near to come, and my Righteousness [Mercy, 1731, xas to sato; ps) to be revealed."

346. Ifai. lviii. S. "Then fhall thy Light break forth as the Morning, and thine Health fhall fpring forth fpeedily: And thy Rightenfefs [Salvation, 3, ʼn dikaworum or ] shall go before thee; and the Glory of the Lord fhall be thy Rereward," or bring up thy Rere.

σε

347. Ifai, lix. 16,17, “And he faw that there was no Man, and won

3

dered

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