APOPHIS

ii. 34, 347, 403; temple of the sun,
i. 323; geographical and mytholo-
gical inscription, 235. See Edfou
Apophis, the snake of hell, i. 484

Apopi, or Apopa, Hyksos king, i. 273.

See Aphobis

Apries. See Uah-ab-ra

Apu, ii. 347. See Panopolis

Apuirui, ii. 91. See Aper
A-qa-ua-sha, the, ii. 122, 123, 127
Arabah, the, ii. 14

Arabia, and the opposite coast of
Africa, called the 'land of the gods,'
ii. 34 n., ii. 403. See Punt
Arabian Hills, the, i. 20

Arabian Nome, E. of the Nile, the

modern Sharkich, i. 21

Arabs, i. 91; the Shasu, 179; Arab
conquest of Mesopotamia, 367
Aradus (Arathu, Aruth), i. 377, 388,
394, 401; ii. 46, &c.

Aram (Syria), i. 339; wine from, 403
Architects, royal (Mur-ket), office of,
i. 60; list of, 60; pedigree of, ii.
309

Argo, island, i. 220

Arinath, i. 456

Arisu, or Alisu (Arius or Alius),

usurpation of, ii. 140, 141
Armed force, the, i. 64

Arômata Acrôn (C. Guardafui), in the

land of Punt, i. 353, 355
Arses, king, ii. 287, 339

Arsinoites Nomos (the Fayoum), Nome

XXI. (Up. Eg.), ii. 417

Art, technical, ancient Egyptian, i. 97
-under the 12th dynasty, i. 201-205
Artaxerxes I., ii. 286, 314, 332-3
-II. Mnemon, ii. 334-338
-III. See Ochus

A-rud, in Upper Egypt, with temple
of Amon-r'a, ii. 417
Arunata (Orontes), R., i. 337
Aryandes, satrap, ii. 329, 330
Asbytæ, ii. 147

Asebi (Cyprus), i. 372; tribute of the

king of, 381, 383, 384, 404

Ashdod, ii. 322

ATHU

Asher, Syria, i. 268

Asher, tribe of, ii. 20

Asher(u), lake, i. 477 ; ii. 71, 189
Ashtaroth-Karnaim, ii. 5
Ashur, Assyria, i. 268

Asia Minor and islands, places and

tribes of, on monuments of Ramses
II., ii. 57, 410 n.; of Ramses III., ii.
158-9

Asia, Western, war of vengeance
against, i. 336

Askalon, i. 337; ii. 68, 69
Asmara, electrum, i. 404
Assa, king, i. 110, 111

Assarhaddon (Esarhaddon), ii. 266,ƒ. ;
memorial stone near Beyrout, 276
Assaseef, necropolis of Thebes, i. 132,
448, n.
Asseth, i. 263

Assouan, i. 64, 91; rock-tablet, 346
Assur, king of, i. 339; tribute from,
374, 375, 404

Assurbanipal, king of Assyria, ii. 266;
record of, 266-274

Assyrian Empire, rise of the, in
Mesopotamia, ii. 201; invasion of
Egypt, 202; conquest of Egypt,
and new foreign dynasty, 208-211
Astarte, worshipped in Egypt, i. 58, 244
Ata, king, i. 69, 72

Ataiuhi (Athiuhi) and Aliurta, Per-
sian governors at Coptos, ii. 312;
their inscriptions in the valley of
Hammamat, 313, 314

Atargates, ii. 5. See Derceto
Atef-crown, the, ii. 144

Aten, sun-god, i. 494; his obelisk at

Thebes destroyed, 521

Athaka, mines of, ii. 148
Athenians in Egypt, ii. 332
Athothis (Tota, Atot, Ata), i. 72
Athribis (Ha-ta-hir-ab), capital of
Nome X. (L. Eg.), i. 73; ii. 239,
253, 348; temple of Horus at, 418
Athu, lakes in the lowlands, in the
extreme N. of Egypt, i. 146; the
Egyptian equivalent of the Semitic
Souph, ii. 372-3. Comp. Nathu

ATHYR

Athyr, month, i. 465, 527 ; ii. 232, 296
Ati, king, i. 116

Ati, the canal of Heliopolis, ii. 417
Atot, king, i. 69, 72

Atum, i. 150. See Tum

Aup (Aupa), i. 256; northern boun-
dary of the Khalu, i. 400, ii. 110
Auputh, eldest son of Shashanq I.,
his early death, ii. 222; another,
239, 243, 251

Avaris (Ha-u'ar), i. 235, 266, 270; siege
and capture of, by Amasis, 285;
probably the Baal-zephon of SS., ii.
428; ruins of, at Tel-el-Hir, 428,
431

Azaba (Ozaeb), fortress of, i. 240

A, name of a pyramid, i. 107

BA,

Baal, i. 244, et passim
Baal-Mahar, ii. 165, 168, f.
Baal-Sutekh, i. 279; temple to, and
his wife Astartha-Anatha, ii. 3.
Baal-Zapuna (Baal-zephon, SS.), the
special form of the Semitic Baal wor-
shipped in Egypt at Sutekh, i. 277–
8; derivation of the name, ii. 427
Baal-Zephon, Mt. Casius, i. 280; ii.
13, 393; or rather Avaris, 427-8
Baba Abana, i. 280; tomb of, at El-
Kab, 302; inscription referring to
a famine lasting many years, 304,
305
Babel, Babylon, Babylonia, the central
point whence the abodes of the
most ancient nations were esti-
mated, i. 255 n.; 339, 367, 403;
tablet in the language of, ii. 209;
peopled by Cushites, 402

Babylon, city of Egypt, i. 150, 403;
ii. 251

Bainuter, king, i. 69, 75

Bakhatana, land of, ii. 191, f., 194
Barathra. See Gulfs and Pihahiroth
Barkal, Mt., i. 151, 329; temple-for-
tress on, 486; meaning of name, ii.
236, 284; memorials of Piankhi and
Miamun Nut at, 238, f., 257,f.
Bast, goddess, i. 245; ii. 228

BIGEH

Beba, governor of Pepi's city, i. 126
Bedouins on Pharaoh's property, i.
233; wanderings near the town of
Pibailos, 251; (Shasu), 263
Begig, obelisk at, i. 153
Behani (Boôn), i. 470; ii. 9
Behereh, Arab name of Lower Egypt,
i. 19
Beit-el-Walli, rock-grottoes of, with
victories of Ramses II., ii. 78
Bek, architect, i. 495; his tombstone,
496; inscription,496; genealogy,497
Bek-en-aten, princess, i. 495, 498
Beken-khonsu, architect, i. 45
-chief priest of Amon, under Amen-
hotep III., his statue at Berlin, ii.
408; another under Ramses II., in-
scriptions on his statue at Munich,
ii. 117, 119

Bekhen (tower), i. 423; ii. 13
Benben (obelisk ') i. 521; chamber,
the, 151, ii. 252

Beni-Hassan, inscription, i. 149; rock-
tombs at, 155; long inscription in
the Hall of Sacrifice, 169-171
Berenice, ii. 32

Bersheh, tombs at, i. 120
Berytus (Beyrout), i. 337, 392; ii.110;
rock-tablets near, 65, 276

Bes, or Bas, idol peculiar to the land
of Punt, i. 136, 245
Beth-anta (Beth-anoth), i. 393; ii.
20, 67, 218
Beth-horon, ii. 217

Beth-shean, i. 393; ii. 217

Biamites, Bimaites, or Bashmurites,
the, i. 259
Biban-el-Molouk (tombs of the kings),
i. 348; tomb of king Ai, 513; burial-
chamber of Ramses II., ii. 119;
sepulchre of Seti II., 139; tomb
of Ramses VI., astronomical and
chronological value of, 180; thefts
in the king's tombs, 189, 190
Bicheres, king, i. 84
Bieneches, king, i. 69

Bigeh, island of, names of Amen-
hotep III.'s governors at, i. 472

BI-IN-DI-DI

Bi-in-di-di, i. 74. See Binebded
Bi-ka-ra, ii. 258, 263. See Miamun Nut
Bilbeis, i. 469. See Philæ

Binebded (Mendes), the sacred ram
worshipped at Mendes, i. 74
Binothris, king, i. 69; law of female
succession, 75

Bint-antha, favourite daughter of
Ramses II. and his Kethite queen,
ii. 412

Bint-resh, princess, ii. 192, f.
Birket-el-Keroun, i. 190
Bnon, shepherd king, i. 262
Bocchoris, king (Bok-en-ran-ef, Bu-
kur-ni-ni-ip), sole Pharaoh of the
24th dynasty, i. 51, ii. 271, 280
Boken-Khonsu. See Beken-Khonsu
Bokennifi, ii. 239, 271

Boundary-stones erected between
negro-land and Egypt, i. 182
Brass (usem), i. 386; ii. 261
Brick-making, picture of, at Abd-el
Qurnah, i. 417, 418

Bricks at Maskhoutah, no straw or
stubble in, ii. 424–5

Bridge over the Pelusiac Nile at
Khetam (Etham, Daphnæ, Tel-
Dafenneh), ancient Egyptian pic-
ture of, ii. 19, 387, 388, 426
British Museum, inscription in, of
the time of Horemhib, i. 525
Bubastic arm of the Nile, i. 262
Bubastids, Hall of the, at Karnak,
ii. 217, 219, 222, 226

Bubastus (Pi-bast, city of Bast,' Pi-
beseth, SS.) capital of Nome XVIII.
(L. Eg.), seat of Dyn. XXII., i. 74,
220, 245; ii. 207, 215, 228, 349, 369
Buhan, temple of, opposite Wady
Halfah, i. 438

Bull, the sacred, of Memphis, i. 74, see
Apis of Heliopolis, 74, see Mnevis
Busiris (Pi-usiri), capital of Nome

IX. and chief seat of the worship of
Osiris in Lower Egypt, i. 37, 441,
467; ii. 229, 239, 243, 254, 348
Butau, king (Boëthos), i. 69, 74
Buto, goddess, i. 519

Cabul, ii..67

Cairo, i. 58, 322, &c.

Calendar, old Egyptian, fixed holidays
and festivals, i. 174-5; ii. 162, 163;
Table of, i. 527

Cambyses, his alliance with the Arabs,
i. 270 n.; ii. 93, 286; story of his
slaying the Apis-bull refuted, ii.
299, f., 303, f., 307; true date of his
conquest of Egypt, 300, 313–315,
329

Canaan, son of Ham, ethnographical
signification, ii. 404

-the land of (pa Kan'ana), i. 248,
411; ii. 15, 20; war of Ramses II.
with, 66, f.; Egyptian fortresses in,
131; towns in, 159; Ramses III.'s
temple of Amon in, 419, 420. See
Zaha

Canaanites, i. 31; ii. 4, 68, 77, 80;
employed as the bearers of official
despatches, 131

Canal of Seti I. and Ramses II., at-
tempted reopening of, by Necho, ii.
323; of Darius I., inscriptions re-
lating to, 310, 311 of M. de Lesseps,
323

Canana, hill town, i. 248

Canopic branch of the Nile, i. 11,
229, 230, 236; ii. 147, 156
Canopus (Zoq'a), capital of Nome IV.
(L. Eg.), ii. 147, 267, f., 348
-- decree of, i. 268
-the star, i. 416

Caphtor, SS. (Keftha-Hor), an 'island'
on the Egyptian coast, the father-
land of the Philistines, ii. 403
Carchemish (Circesium), i. 337; ii. 3,

Cardinal points, N. E. S. W., how esti-
mated by the Semitic nations, and
how by the Egyptians, i. 255 n.
Carian-Colchian nations, victory over,
ii. 153, 160 (ef. Pref. xx.)
Cartouches, royal, i. 70 n.; of Senoferu,
78; of Ranuser, 108; of Kaankhra,
216; hieroglyphic, passim
Casius, M. with fortified temple (Uti)

of Baal, ii. 13; also a district (Cas-
siotis), 426, 427. See Baal-zapuna
and Hazina
Cassiopeia, wife of Cepheus, or of

Phoenix, a mythical link between
Arabia and Phoenicia, ii. 403
Catabathmus, ii. 130

Cataracts of the Nile: the first, bound-
ary of Egypt and Nubia, i. 329; the
second, the boundary of negro-land,
159, 438 (see Wady Halfah); the
third, of Kerman, 331; god of, 438
Caucasians, ii. 128, 129, 147
Cepheïs, Cepheus, and cognate names,

in Ethiopia, Arabia, and Phoenicia,
corresponding to the Kefa, &c., of
Egyptian inscriptions, ii. 402, 403
Chabrias, ii. 336, 337, 338

Chabryes, king, i. 94. See Khafra
Chaldæan dynasty in Mesopotamia
overthrown by the Arabs, i. 367
Chariots first introduced from Canaan,
i. 340.

Cheops (Khufu, Chembes, Suphis), i.
85; his pyramid, 86

Chester, Mr. Greville, on the Exodus,
ii. 400, 431

Chronology of the Pharaonic history
uncertain till Dyn. XXVI., Pref.
xxiii., i. 41; method of genealogies,
42; ii. 264, 321, 340-6
Cibyra, ii. 159

Cilicia, i. 460; ii. 153; places in, on

monument of Ramses III., 158-160
Civilization, Egyptian, not first
founded by the priests of Meroë,
i. 9; course of, up the Nile, 10

DAMIETTA

Cleopatra's Needles, i. 451

Clysma, ii. 239

Cocheiche, the great dyke of, i. 52
Cole-Syria, i. 337

Colossæ, ii. 159

Commerce, i. 24; with Libya, Pales-
tine, &c., 199; Phoenician, 254,
403

Conon, ii. 335

Conquests, lists of. See Lists
Conspiracy, the Harem, ii. 164–172
Coptos (Qobt), capital of Nome V.
(Up. Eg.), i. 133, 135, ii. 347; road
from, to Leucos Limen (Qosseir),
i. 138; to Berenice, ii. 32; temple
of Ramses III. to Khim, Horus,
and Isis, 416
Coracesium, ii. 159
Crocodile worship, i. 192
Crocodilopolis (Pi-sebek, Pi-sekhem-

kheper-ra, Shet), capital of Nome
XXI. (Up. Eg.), i. 154, 194, 201; ii.
240, 248, 256, 374; temple of Horus
on lake Moris, 417
Cronos, i. 35. See Seb
Crowns, the two, insignia of Upper
and Lower Egypt, i. 20
Crypt at Heliopolis, ii. 249

Cusæ (Qors, Qos), capital of Nome
XIV. (Up. Eg.), ii. 347

Cush, son of Ham, migrated from the

East to Arabia and Africa, the land
of Pun, streams of Cushite migra-
tions thence to Ethiopia, Babylonia,
Egypt, and Phoenicia, ii. 401, 402.
See Kush

Cynopolis, Cynônpolis (Qa-sa), capital
of Nome XVII. (Up. Eg.), i. 170,
179, 515; ii. 348, 417

Cyprus (Asebi), i. 372, 381, 383, 384,

404; places in, on monument of
Ramses III., ii. 158-160

Cyrene, ii. 130, 325, 326

DANAU

successor of Na-amon; origin of
the name, ii. 419

Danau (Danai), ii. 130, 146, 154
Daphne (Tabenet, now Tel-Defen-
neh), ii. 307-8, 426. See Khetam
Daphne (Tunep), i. 399; ii. 3
Dardani or Dandani, Dardanis, ii. 47,
139, 414 (cf. Preface, xx.)
Darius I., king, ii. 286, 314; shows
honour to the Apis-bulls, 300, 301;
fosters Egyptian learning, 307; his
temple of Amon at Hibis (El-Khar-
geh) in the Great Oasis, 307, 330;
his canal, 310, 311, 330; his claim
to equality with Sesostris, 331
-II., king, ii. 286; record of his
works at El-Khargeh, 307

III., king, ii. 287, 308, 309, 319, 339
Dashour, pyramid of, i. 113
Debui. See Aphroditopolis
Delta, the, i. 21, et passim
Denderah, temple at, i. 117

Der (Dirr) temple, picture of a razzia
on the negroes, ii. 78; sun-city of
Pira, 94, 183

Derceto (Atargatis), goddess, ii. 5
Der-el-bahri, royal tombs and stage-
temple at, i. 347; pictures and in-
scriptions, 351

Der-el-Medineh, temple called Hakak
at, i. 486

Despatches, official, records of, ii.
131, 132

Did (Didi), king of the Libyans, ii.
123, 153

Didiun or Didun, god, i. 437, 462

Diodorus, i. 85; ii. 391, 395
Dionysus, same as Bes, i. 137
Diospolis, i. 283, 312; cf. Thebes
-Parva. 1. In Upper Egypt; see
Hut-Sokhem and Pehuu. 2. In
Lower Egypt (Pi-Khun-en-Amon),
capital of Nome XVII., ii. 349, 375.
See Na-Amon

Dynasties of gods, demi-gods, and
manes, i. 34, 35, 36

-of Pharaohs, causes of change of
dynasty, i. 75

EGYPT

Dynasties, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, i. 69
---4th and 5th, Table of kings, i. 84
-6th to 11th, i. 115; connection of
11th, 13th, 17th, and 18th, 314
-12th, Table of kings, i. 140
-13th, imperfect accounts, i. 208;
revolts and internal troubles, 211;
list of kings in the Turin papyrus,
214-216; in the chamber of Karnak,
222

-14th to 17th, i. 210, 261-315
-18th, i. 316; genealogical tree of
the Pharaohs and their wives, 345
-19th, ii. 1

-20th, ii. 145

-21st, ii. 200; queens of, 421
-22nd, ii. 215

-23rd, ii. 233

-24th, ii. 233, 280

--25th, ii. 234

-26th to 31st, ii. 286, 287; character
of their monuments, 290, 291
-26th, of Saïs, ii. 321-329
-27th, Persians, ii. 329-333
-28th, of Saïs, ii. 333

-29th and 30th, at Mendes and
Sebennytus, ii. 316, 335, 336
-31st, of Persians, ii. 339
-32nd, of Macedonians, ii. 339
-33rd, of the Ptolemies, ii. 340

ECLIPSE of the moon, in Thake-

loth II.'s reign, ii. 226, 227
Edesieh, temple of, ii. 21. See
Redesieh

Edfou (Apollinopolis Magna), temple
of, i. 322-3; geographical inscrip-
tion at, 235, 240; ii. 404
Edom, i: 147, 160, 248, 326
Education, i. 29; ii. 307
Egypt, its native name, i. 16; Asiatic
names, 18; two great divisions, 18;
influence of nomes on political state
of, 22, 173; condition of, under the
12th dynasty, 198, f.; the central
point of a world-intercourse in the
reign of Thutmes III., 366; decline
and fall of, ii. 287; death-blow by