Senator STENNIS. You are going to convert an old building. General SHULER. Yes, sir. It is a good warehouse, sir, and lends itself to this conversion.

Senator STENNIS. Well, you have a tremendous depot there. I don't see how you have room to put another building.

Senator SALTONSTALL. General, maybe they can spread over into Mississippi.

Senator STENNIS. I wish you would.

General SHULER. I wish we could.

Senator STENNIS. All right. Unless there are further questions, we will turn to the next item.

BAYONNE NAVAL SUPPLY CENTER, NEW JERSEY

General SHULER. The next station is at Bayonne, U.S. Navy Supply Center, New Jersey, page 204. We are requesting four items that are in connection with the closing down of the Brooklyn Army Terminal. These items are necessary to be constructed at this location because they do not exist now and we are moving these missions into this location to consolidate with the Navy and in the overall interests of

economy.

Senator STENNIS. How much economy will this be? I have $3,658,000 in new construction shown.

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Chairman, I am Mr. Foster from General Shuler's office. The annual cost reduction by closing Brooklyn Army Terminal is $6.8 million a year and there are actually projects in three locations in the program before the committee involved in this closure. These four line items at Bayonne; $636,000 at the Federal office building in Brooklyn; and $400,000 at New Cumberland Army Depot in Pennsylvania.

General SHULER. We will come to those other two later.
Senator STENNIS. That sounds good; $6.8 million per year.
General SHULER. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. And the total construction is, of course, for only 1 year and that will put you in business and that is all you need to take care of this consolidation; correct?

General SHULER. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. How do the figures run on these other items that you just referred to?

General SHULER. $636,000 for the alterations in the Federal office building. We covered that yesterday. And $400,000 at New Cumberland Army Depot in Pennsylvania.

Senator STENNIS. It would be around $4.2 million.

General SHULER. Yes, sir. One time cost.

Senator STENNIS. I have never been to the naval supply center. But how hard did you try to find something that was ready to use there instead of these expensive buildings?

General SHULER. Sir, we made a very intensive study in this regard. Bayonne is a more modern facility than Brooklyn. It has more piers, more real estate, a greater waterfront and its monthly capacity is almost 50 percent greater than the Brooklyn Army Terminal. This turned out to be the best place to go to, the most economical from every other aspect.

Senator STENNIS. But you didn't have any space there.

General SHULER. We had space on the ground but not building space existing; yes sir.

Senator SALTONSTALL. General, is there resistance to closing the Army terminal?

General SHULER. Sir, I believe the people from New York State do not like to see it closed; yes sir.

Senator SALTONSTALL. But it is a fait accompli.

General SHULER. The announcement has been made, yes sir. I know of no impediment in the way of our carrying this out provided the Congress allows us these projects.

Senator SALTONSTALL. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Senator STENNIS. Last year did we have something for the Brooklyn Army Terminal? General Shuler, what was in the bill last year? Mr. FOSTER. My memory tells me, subject to correction, that we were acquiring about 5 acres of land at the edge of the reservation on which we had a leasehold.

Senator STENNIS. Well, you don't have a record there. What is your record on it, Mr. Nease?

Mr. NEASE. I don't recall anything in last year. The last figure was a that was probably not completed too long. I think it was authorized in fiscal 1961.

General SHULER. I know it was very little expenditure and I would like to put in the record exactly what we have done since 1961.

Senator STENNIS. 1961 or since. How much was the amount we spent there in 1961, if it has been actually spent?

Mr. NEASE. I could check it.

Senator STENNIS. All right, you check it and put it in the record. Without objection we will proceed to the next item.

(The following information was subsequently furnished:)

The only military construction item at Brooklyn Army Terminal since 1961 was in the fiscal year 1961 program. It comprised replacement of two steam generators at a cost of $446,000. The work has been completed.

BLUE GRASS ARMY DEPOT, KY.

General SHULER. On page 209, Blue Grass Army Depot. We are asking for two items, a change house and a missile facility for care and preservation. On the change house, sir, this is required to house a security checkpoint, locker facilities and washup facilities for approximately 225 employees who work in the ammunition storage and maintenance area.

Senator STENNIS. All right.

I think you could pass to the next item.

General SHULER. The next item, missile facility for care and preservation.

This will provide a guided missile facility, a safe and properly designed building in which the surveillance, renovation, care and preservation can be accomplished.

The buildings that we are currently using, to process missiles and heavy rockets have been diverted from their originally designed purposes and are so limited by size and quantity, sir, that we have a hazardous operation.

This would correct that situation.

Senator STENNIS. All right.

You say you have to have them now to take care of these missiles. Senator SALTONSTALL. Mr. Chairman, they have $7,800,000 estimated in the next 4 years.

General, what is that for?

General SHULER. Mr. Chairman, I do not have the list of these items.

I can place them in the record. This is the part of the 5-year approved Department of Defense program for the next 5 years. They would be replacement and modernization type facilities.

(The following information was subsequently furnished:)

The $7,800,000 is comprised of the 4-year construction requirements estimate for the combined Blue Grass Army Depot and the Lexington Army Depot. This is in consonance with the recent administrative consolidation of Army activities into the Lexington-Blue Grass Army Depot. The following categories of construction are included:

Operational

Maintenance.

Supply-

Administration____

Community facilities..

Utilities__.

Total____

Senator SALTONSTALL. This is a permanent base?
General SHULER. This is a permanent base; yes, sir.

$5, 397, 000 257, 000 1, 109, 000 733, 000 216,000 113, 000

7,825,000

Senator STENNIS. This missile facility is necessary for the care and

preservation of the misisle?

General SHULER. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. All right.
Next item.

COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING

LABORATORY, N.H.

General SHULER. On page 212 is the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in New Hampshire. We are asking for an equipment maintenance shop, and an addition to the laboratory. The equipment maintenance shop on page 213 is required to maintain, repair, modify and develop new special purpose equipment used in the mission activities at this station and to maintain and repair the real property. That is, the buildings, utilities, and grounds. Much of the equipment used here, sir, must be modified, field tested and remodified prior to shipping it to the Arctic regions. This is the place where we deal with snow, ice, and frozen ground conditions. This is research in these fields.

Senator STENNIS. You have a fairly small investment there. You don't have any great plans for anything additional. You say this is essential. Is that right?

General SHULER. Yes, sir. We need this, sir.

Senator STENNIS. Laboratory addition. What kind of a laboratory is that? I was looking at the first item.

General SHULER. Yes, sir. This laboratory is an addition to the orginial laboratory which we built here in 1959. It was completed in 1959. This is on the campus, sir, of the Dartmouth University. It is the site of the famous Steffanson Library that deals with Arctic regions. That is a major reason we went in there. We find now that we need an addition to the laboratory and the reason is that during the construction we put two items, a computer and an electron microscope into some of our laboratory space.

We did not estimate properly the total laboratory support space required and this is needed now to

Senator STENNIS. It is located on the campus of Dartmouth?
General SHULER. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. And if you should change your plans and leave it, it would be useful for them.

General SHULER. Yes, sir. We have a 50-year lease at $1.
Senator STENNIS. All right.

Next item. Page 215.

FORT DETRICK, MD.

General SHULER. Fort Detrick, Md. We are asking for four items, an Autodin switch facility-second increment—a Medical Biological Research Laboratory-phase I-a V. & R. research facility, and utility expansion.

Senator STENNIS. General, what medical research are you doing there now? I don't understand that?

General SHULER. This is a research and development project, sir, at Fort Detrick which the Surgeon General has charge of. And this is a very important project dealing with bacteriological warfare which when I come to it I will be glad to elaborate on.

Senator STENNIS. All right. That small switch facility item.

General SHULER. The Autodin switch facility, sir. There will be nine of these in the continental United States. The Army has been assigned responsibility for two and the other services for the other This is one of ours and the other will be at Fort Leavenworth which we already covered yesterday.

Senator STENNIS. All right. I suppose that is taken for granted. You can go to the next item unless there are questions.

General SHULER. The next item, page 217, the "Medical Biological Research Laboratory, phase I."

First, sir, the Surgeon General, General Heaton, intended to be here. He has been ill lately and I have a two-page statement from him which I would request be placed in the record, sir.

Senator STENNIS. All right. Without objection it will be put in

the record.

(The document referred to follows:)

STATEMENT OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL HEATON RELATIVE TO MEDICAL BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY

It is a pleasure to appear before this committee in support of a request for $9,254,000 for construction of a U.S. Army biological defense facility at Fort Detrick, Md.

Although biological warfare has never been used as a major weapon system, there is sufficient evidence now available to support feasibility. The Soviet Union

has noted repeatedly in official newspapers the interest of the United States in this method of warfare. It is absolutely essential, therefore, that in case of any future war, we have the capability of defending ourselves against this type of weapon.

Our mission at Fort Detrick is to study the medical defensive aspects of biological weapons. To accomplish this, our research program is concentrated in three major areas. First, we study the vulnerability of man to disease-producing organisms that possibly might be used against us; second, the prevention and treatment of such diseases; and third, the diagnosis of these diseases. We are particularly interested in methods for establishing a diagnosis in periods of time considerably shorter than those generally considered acceptable in civilian medicine.

Generally speaking, the diseases which we are studying do not occur in this country, or if they do, the frequency is so low as to pose no serious practical problem. In addition, the organisms that produce these diseases are unusually difficult to work with due to their highly infectious nature. Special facilities are required to protect laboratory personnel as well as those individuals residing in the vicinity of the laboratory.

The proposed construction constitutes phase I of a two-phase program designed to provide the special laboratory facilities necessary for the continuation and expansion of our present defensive research and development program. temporary buildings presently occupied by our unit are either converted World War II, cantonment-type wooden structures or cinderblock buildings which have been altered for use as laboratories. These buildings contain improvised infectious disease units, in which organisms can be studied. The research program presently concerns major projects involving infectious agents.

The first phase of the proposed construction will provide facilities in which organisms or groups of organisms can be studied simultaneously. Thus, we could increase our efforts.

This portion of the proposed research laboratory will not include facilities for essential activities such as pathology, biochemistry, biophysics, physiology, vaccine production for human use, or studies of infectious disease in man (human volunteers). Facilities for these essential functions will be provided in phase

II.

Thank you for the opportunity of appearing before this committee on such an important project.

Senator STENNIS. Can you give us a summary of it.

General SHULER. The reason for this laboratory is to give us a facility where we can deal in the defense aspects only, which is all the Surgeon General is allowed to get into, and to come up with posible defenses, vaccines, and so forth, against these highly contagious, really exotic, infectious organisms.

Senator STENNIS. Well, why have we waited so long?

Do you know anything about that? Or is it beyond your special field?

General SHULER. I think I would be getting into executive session if I answered that question, sir, but I do have Colonel Adams from the Surgeon General's Office here and also the man who will run thewho now runs the mission and they are available, sir, to answer questions.

Senator STENNIS. All right. Gentlemen, we would like for you to stand up and identify yourselves, one at a time, and make any statement you wish. You are asking for a $13.7 million project of which this $9 million is the first increment and we want to know the overall program as to the buildings and the operation and the need, and your answer to that question if you care to about being so far behind. I believe you said you can't answer that except in executive session. Colonel CROZIER. Mr. Chairman, I am Colonel Crozier from the medical unit at Fort Detrick.