items at five of the stations will provide additional apron to augment the pavement now available at each of these stations. The sixth item is at the classified location where minimum new facilities will be provided for a Marine Corps air facility in an undeveloped area of an Air Force base. Senator STENNIS. It may be well to stop momentarily as you go from one to another. We may take up something special in the justification as we go along. Most of these items in the foreign countries, Japan and Spain, I don't think are much in doubt, but we are always interested in your tenure in these foreign countries. Admiral HULL. Yes, sir. Senator STENNIS. What the score is on that. Perhaps you don't have many of them. Admiral HULL. In these particular cases we have no base rights problem. AIRCRAFT WASHRACKS (2) The second group of repetitive line items consists of two items for construction of aircraft washracks. Each will be at a Marine Corps air facility, one at Santa Ana, Calif., and the other at the classified location mentioned in the preceding discussion. In the constant operation of our aircraft their fuselages become covered with dust, fuel and oil are accidentally spilled on them and, at times, they become encrusted with salt from ocean air and spray. To prevent corrosion of the aircraft metal by these materials, each aircraft must be washed periodically. This cleaning is performed at specially designed washracks adjacent to the parking apron. A washrack consists of a hard surfaced pad equipped with tiedown anchors, utilities, and drainage facilities. The item at Santa Ana includes three washracks and the item at the classified location includes one washrack. AIRCRAFT DIRECT FUELING STATION (4) The third group includes four line items for aircraft direct fueling stations. At the activities where these facilities will be built, two, Oceana and Beaufort, support high performance jet, fixed-wing aircraft; the other two, Camp Pendleton and Santa Ana, support jetpowered helicopters. When the aircraft are engaged in flying operations it is important that they spend as little time as possible on the ground. To achieve the desirable rapid turn-around, direct fueling facilities are necessary. In general, these consist of hard-surfaced access lanes and fueling outlets with metered and filtered pumps connected directly to the fuel tanks. Four additional outlets will be provided at each of the air stations at Oceana and Beaufort to augment existing facilities. No permanent direct fueling facilities are available at the other two air facilities. The proposed line items will provide two outlets at the Camp Pendleton facility and six outlets at the Santa Ana facility. COMMUNICATIONS CENTER (5) The fourth group consists of five repetitive line items for communications centers. Existing facilities are small, in makeshift areas of various buildings and lacking in the necessary security environment. The center is the "heart" of the station's communication functions, being connected to the radio transmitter and receiver facilities, and controlling messages to and from the fleet and other operating units. In general, the center includes administrative space, cryptocenter, communication facilities and storage area, all so designed as to permit proper safeguarding of security. The proposed improvements will be provided at two of the activities, Arlington and San Miguel, by construction of additions to existing buildings; and at the other three activities, Charleston, Mayport, and the Headquarters, Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, Norfolk, by new, separate buildings. The Norfolk facility is classified. RADIO RECEIVER BUILDING (2) The fifth group consists of two items for construction of a radio receiver building at each of two stations. At the NAS, Whidbey Islands, the facility will be a new structure, and at the NRS, Fort Allen, P.R., the item will provide for an addition to the existing receiver building. At the air station the improvement will overcome the inadequacies of the existing small antenna field and electronic interference. At the radio station the improvement will provide the additional space needed for new equipment to meet the current requirements which have expanded over the past several years. The receiver building is an essential segment of the communication system. It contains various radio electronic equipments for receipt of messages from shore activities, ships and other operational units in the conduct of routine naval operations and the maintenance of fleet readiness. RADIO TRANSMITTER FACILITIES (3) The next group of repetitive line items is for construction of radio transmitter facilities at three stations. At the naval station, Mayport, a new facility will be built to replace the present inadequate small buildings and antennas. At the other two activities, radio stations at Barrigada, Guam, and Isabela, P.R., additions to the existing transmitter buildings will be constructed to meet the requirements for additional equipment which have expanded considerably during the past several years. At the Isabela site it is necessary to purchase 100 acres of land adjoining the station in order to satisfy these increased requirement. Transmitter facilities complement receiver facilities in the communication system. Together they provide the flexibility needed for the essential two-way communication among shore stations and operational units of the Navy. Senator STENNIS. What do you use these radio transmitter facilities for? It is communications I know, but how large an area does that cover, and what does it cover besides just direct communication with your men or ships? Explain that a little more. Admiral HULL. All right, sir, Lieutenant Commander Doerpinghaus is here from Communications, and I will ask him to give you the details of each of these places. Commander DOERPINGHAUS. In Barrigada, Guam the transmitter facilities there "talk" to and control the operations of the 7th Fleet. Senator STENNIS. This entire 7th Fleet in the Pacific? Commander DOERPINGHAUS. The portion that is in the Guam area. Senator STENNIS. How large is the Guam area? Are these just little stations, as in a small city of 5,000 people? Commander DOERPINGUAUS. No, sir; these stations have as many as 100 transmitters. We handle all of the Defense Communications Agency requirements in that area. It is point-to-point circuits, and also fleet operations. Senator STENNIS. You handle all the military communications in that area? Commander DOERPINGHAUS. Yes, sir. In Guam we have consolidated and we now have the Navy responsible for all communications in that area. Senator STENNIS. That was what I was coming to. Commander DOERPINGHAUS. At Puerto Rico, we have also consolidated, and the Navy is responsible for all communications in the Puerto Rican area. Senator STENNIS. In the Dominican Republic, how do you suppose that is being handled now? I don't know whether you know or not, but you have every area of the world covered in some way, do you not? Commander DOERPINGHAUS. As to your first question, I don't know, sir, but we have transmitters in the Canal Zone also. The response to your second question is "Yes, sir." Senator STENNIS. And this is probably handled from there? Senator STENNIS. All right, that makes it clear. Admiral HULL. Mr. Chairman, in general our communication requirements for a geographical locality involve three aspects: communication with the outside world, getting the word from Washington and other areas for the local commanders in the area; second, transmitting this information to our other Navy groups in that same subarea; and third, transmissions either to a station, if it is a free broadcast station, or to ships operating locally. Now both Guam and Puerto Rico do have free broadcasts, and they cover large areas; Guam covers a large section of the Pacific Ocean, and Puerto Rico covers a smaller area in the Atlantic, centered principally in the Caribbean. But all ships of any fleets which are passing through those areas will shift these particular free broadcasts as they pass the geographical boundaries where the reception is the best from Guam in the Pacific area and from Puerto Rico in the Atlantic area. Senator STENNIS. All right, thank you, sir. Proceed. COMMUNICATION OPERATIONS BUILDING (3) Admiral HULL. The next group also includes three repetitive line items. These items will provide for construction of an addition to the present Operations Building at the Naval Communication Station, Finegayan, Guam, and the Naval Security Group Activities at Sobe, Okinawa, and Terceira, Azores. The items at Sobe and Terceira are classified. The additional space is needed to meet requirements for increased administrative, communication control equipment maintenance, and supply responsibilities. For example, at Finegayan, the need has been generated by inclusion of Defense Communication System facilities and programed improvements to support fleet operations, including POLARIS. SPECIAL TRANSCEIVER FACILITY (2) The eighth repetitive line items group is for construction of a special transceiver facility at two Naval Security Group Activities at Karamursel, Turkey, and at Sobe, Okinawa. Both items are classified. Senator STENNIS. Both are classified? Admiral HULL. Yes, sir. Senator STENNIS. I think when an item is classified you might just as well skip it this morning. We will cover it in the executive session. Keep the charts here. AIRFIELD LIGHTING (12) Admiral HULL. The ninth group of repetitive line items is for installation of airfield lighting at 12 air stations. In landing the high performance aircraft of the modern Navy, every available and proven safety device must be utilized to safeguard the lives of pilots and aircrews and expensive aircraft. Instant decisions must be made since there is no time for debate on possible alternative courses of action. Aircraft operations are conducted day and night, in clear and foggy weather. A radar ground controlled approach system is used to guide incoming aircraft to the proper line of approach to land on the runway. But the pilot must see the runway before he lands. The recently established national standards center line lighting is used in the approach area, and in the runway itself to help the pilot to see the runway as soon as possible. Six of the proposed line items are for installation of the combined approach in runway center line lighting systems. These will be for the air stations at Glynco, Kingsville, Adak, Jacksonville, Moffett Field, and Atsugi. Five items will provide the approach lighting only at Brunswick, Miramar, Quonset Point, El Toro, and New River. Centerline runway lighting is now in place at Brunswick, Miramar, and Quonset Point; will be programed in the future for El Toro; and is not planned for New River. The remaining line item will provide for installation of the runway system only at the NAS, Oceana, where the centerline approach lighting is already in place. TELEPHONE FACILITIES (5) The next group of repetitive line items is for installation of telephone facilities at five naval activities. The proposed improvements will provide modern automatic telephone systems at the Naval Station, Adak, and at the Waikele Branch of the NAD, Oahu, to replace the existing old, wornout systems. At the other three activities, NPWC, Norfolk, and the naval stations at Keflavik and Rota, additional duct and cable will be provided to correct present deficiencies. Senator STENNIS. Gentlemen, I call your attention to the fact, which I suppose you already know, that these hearings are joint hearings with the Appropriations Subcommittee. There won't be additional hearings on these items in the appropriations bill except for special or additional items. Admiral HULL. Yes. We understand that. AIRCRAFT FIRE AND CRASH STATION (3) Admiral HULL. The 11th group of repetitive line items is for construction of facilities for an aircraft fire and crash station at each of three activities, the air stations at Alameda, Cherry Point, and New River. At Cherry Point a new building will be provided to replace the present small, makeshift facilities in the operations building; and at the other two activities additions will be built onto the existing buildings to correct their space deficiencies. Fire and crash trucks are used in extinguishing fires and rescuing personnel in aircraft accidents on the field and in assisting the extinguishment of structural fires. Space in the buildings is required for garaging the trucks and for routine maintenance; and for berthing, messing and training the crews. Senator STENNIS. One question about airfield lighting, Admiral, if I may interrupt. Did you get all the runway lighting you requested or did the Department of Defense reject some of it? Admiral HULL. I think we have all we requested; isn't that right? Yes, sir, we have all that we requested. Senator STENNIS. Do you have any programed for next year or does this finish you up? Admiral HULL. There will be more, sir. Senator STENNIS. Why don't you get it all done at once rather than stretch it out? It doesn't cost a great deal of money. It seems to me this is something you could well put on an emergency basis and get it constructed as it needs to be. If it is needed at these places it is needed now, not at some time in the future, it seems to me. Admiral HULL. We have been programing these installations in increments, and we have been taking care of the stations where the need is greatest, such as the stations where the training is done for the new pilots, that is done first. I think we are happy with our present system, sir, and I think it will conclude fairly soon. Mr. HANABURY. It will run at least 2 more years. PHOTOGRAPHIC LABORATORY (3) Admiral HULL. The next group of repetitive line items is for construction of a photographic laboratory at each of three air activities, at El Centro, Cherry Point, and Rota, to replace the present substandard facilities. They are too small at Rota and deteriorated, small structures at El Centro and Cherry Point. Numerous photographs are taken in the routine business of each of these stations-developmental work at El Centro, operational training at Cherry Point, and intelligence and other operations at Rota. To gain the greatest benefit in the work of the stations, the photos must be processed promptly and efficiently. This can be done only by provision of the proposed modern laboratories on-station. LIQUID OXYGEN SHOP (2) The program includes two line items for construction of a liquid oxygen shop at the Naval Auxiliary Air Station, Chase Field, and at |