tilation and exhaust systems, explosive-proof fixtures, and so forth when we are operating and working on these types of vehicles. We have 11 of these that are new, and we have 1 alteration for a total of $1,131,000.

(The following information was subsequently furnished:)

The refueling vehicle shop provides a safe area with a forced ventilation and exhaust system and explosion-proof electrical fixtures for maintenance of engines, pumps, hoses, segregators, strainers, and other items pertaining to refueling vehicles. Refueling vehicles cannot be repaired in regular maintenance shops unless they have been previously purged, a process requiring about 24 hours of constant steam cleaning plus the wastage of a certain amount of fuel per vehicle. Such a process each month in order to inspect the vehicle is impractical and wasteful. Any attempt to perform this work outside would result in fuel contamination and thereby generate aircraft accidents. The Air Force is continuously striving for pure fuel through a constant high degree of quality control in all areas of fuel handling. Contamination of filters and separators when opened in elements of weather is obvious.

Senator STENNIS. How do you do that work now, Colonel? Colonel FENLON. In many cases we are having to do it outdoors, sir, and of course this creates a problem in contamination of fuel, and this is again one of our approaches to getting a pure fuel system for our jet aircraft.

Senator STENNIS. How many of these are abroad? Count them up. I notice some but I do not know where they are located.

Colonel FENLON. Three, sir, one in Turkey, one down in the Canal Zone, and one over in South Korea, at Kunsan.

Senator ELLENDER. Which is in the Canal Zone?

Colonel FENLON. Howard Air Force Base.

Senator ELLENDER. What is that, Cigli?

Colonel FENLON. That is in Turkey, sir. Sondrestrom is in Greenland.

Senator STENNIS. It seems to me in a mild climate like the Canal Zone you would not have to build a whole house just to work on one particular kind of vehicle.

47-232-65-9

sir.

Colonel FENLON. Well, you do have the rainy season down there,

Senator STENNIS. All right, next item.

GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT FACILITIES

Colonel FENLON. Our next item, is ground support equipment. This is the type of equipment used in support of our aircraft on the ramp. Back in the early 1950's we had rather simple systems. We had some small generators and battery carts and so forth. With the advent of the Century-type aircraft, the latest series of fighters and larger aircraft, we now have quite a bit more complicated equipment to maintain and operate. Some of the gas turbine engines which we talked about yesterday in the depots we have to maintain on the bases, complex electrical regulators and some high pressure hydraulic systems. These are all mobile pieces of equipment that are in support of the aircraft when they are on the ground for starting and for maintenance. We have six new and two additions.

(The following information was subsequently furnished.)

In the early 1950's ground support equipment consisted of relatively simple mechanical systems such as small generators, battery carts, tow bars, and crew chief stands. With the advent of the Century-series fighters, high-performance bombers, tanker aircraft, and new cargo aircraft, the necessary ground support equipment has increased in number, size, and complexity.

Present day ground support includes features such as gas turbine engines, complex electrical regulators, and extremely high pressure hydraulic systems. The gas turbine engines are similar to those used to power the aircraft and they require similar skills and equipment for maintenance. Ground support has necessarily become complex to meet the demands of the weapon system it supports. For example, fighter aircraft in use today have radio and electronic equipment comparable in power requirements and complexity to 100 radios and 100 television sets. One gas turbine powered generator must furnish continuous stable power for this aircraft during the time that maintenance is being accomplished.

The size of the ground support equipment shops is based on the number and types of pieces of equipment programed to be assigned to the using organization. Each piece of power ground equipment receives periodic inspections and preventive maintenance similar to aircraft.

Senator STENNIS. What page is that on?

Colonel FENLON. That is on page 27, Mr. Chairman.

Senator STENNIS. All right; if there are no other questions you may go ahead.

MEDICAL FACILITIES

Colonel FENLON. The next item covers our medical facilities. As was discussed yesterday and previously with the committees, we have two composite medical facilities new, and we have additions to some eight, and of course this is the change in the approach to medical care in the Air Force going from the old hospital, pure hospital bed, to the outpatient type of treatment which requires an expansion of the clinics, laboratories, and related facilities. We do have dispensaries. Of course these are where we have a small base or a base that is located adjacent to a larger medical facility and therefore can utilize it in addition to the base itself.

We also have some dental clinics, two new dental clinics and one addition, a total of $16,742,000 in this bill.

(The following information was subsequently furnished:)

The medical program is composed of: Two replacement composite medical facilities, major additions to eight existing facilities which are inadequate, one new dispensary, additions to two dispensaries which are undersized, one dispensary conversion, two new dental clinics, one dental clinic addition, and one aero medical evacuation patient holding facility.

The base medical service on a typical Air Force base is housed in a structure which we call a composite medical facility. This building normally contains all of the various medical, dental, and ancillary medical support types of services which are to be found scattered throughout any civilian community. The Air Force houses these various services within one structure to conserve manpower, i.e., one receptionist rather than one per doctor's office or clinic as in civilian practice; to conserve on construction funds, i.e., one patients' waiting area rather than one reception room per doctor's office or clinic, and to conserve on naterial, i.e., one stock of drugs rather than the same drugs on the shelves of he several drug stores scattered throughout the civilian community. Some ›f the persons housed in the base composite medical facility who are not housed n the civilian community hospital who are not often thought of when attempting o compare these two facilities are: the civilian airline medical examiner repreented by our flight surgeon, the civilian dental laboratory represented by our irea prosthetic laboratory, the public health officer represented by our preentive medicine officer, the medical supply wholesale jobber, and the hospital urchasing officer represented by our medical supply officer.

Dispensaries are programed for those Air Force installations which are too mall to justify a composite medical facility. Dispensaries are also programed it those Air Force bases which are near enough to other medical facilities of ister services which are large enough to accommodate the Air Force workload. In each case, cross servicing between the three services has been formally oordinated prior to any request for the appropriation of construction funds. n on the site survey of civilian medical assets has been made and the number of beds as well as the scope have been approved by the Bureau of the Budget. The facilities in this program are not standard designs which have been made or many Air Force bases. Each one has been individually tailored to fit all nown programing requirements for that particular Air Force base. This has een accomplished through the use of a basis for design and a program for esign. This, in effect, is a translation of medical procedures and workloads ato floorspace requirements. This approach insures that the medical capabilies authorized in the program will be adequate in size, without oversizing, nd specifically tailored to the individual specialty workload of the base. 'lexibility in design is emphasized to accommodate minor changes in mission nd programs.

Senator STENNIS. Suppose you start with your first one, DavisMonthan, one of your SAC bases, $1,233,000 for an addition.

Colonel FENLON. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. Discuss that more in detail. We will come to this again, I know, but on these large items, let us get an idea of what you are proposing.

Colonel FENLON. Yes, sir; I would like to ask Colonel Jarboe to discuss that.

Senator STENNIS. You have another addition for $2.8 million. That is at Clark Air Force Base. That is in

General CURTIN. The Philippines.

Senator STENNIS. I remember some time back we left it out one year, about 1957 or 1958, and I went by there to see the hospital you were using, and you could take a stick and just push it through the wall most anywhere you wanted to. I came back and we put that at the top of the list the next year.

Now, you require $2.8 million for an addition just a few years later? General CURTIN. That is correct, sir.

Senator STENNIS. What is your justification on that?

Colonel JARBOE. Colonel Jarboe, sir.

Senator STENNIS. We had volumes of proof here about the need for the hospital, but as I recall, it did not cost but $3 or $4 million

Now you are asking for this addition before the mortar gets dry hardly on your new one. What about that?

Colonel JARBOE. Yes, sir. Mr. Chairman, this relates to the general buildup in southeast Asia, and specifically at Clark Air Force Base wherein the troop strength is almost double from the day we programed the original hospital, which was for 200 beds as you recall. This $2.8 million addition gives us 70 additional beds. It also gives us more clinic and support facilities space, in addition to increasing the dental operating rooms by nine.

Related to the original cost-and I do not have that right at my fingertip, but I can provide it for you in a moment-actually the cost of a facility as related to beds can be misleading, I am sure as Colonel Carmichael brought out several times.

Senator STENNIS. Yes.

Colonel JARBOE. The cost of building bed space is very inexpensive. Senator STENNIS. Excuse me just a minute, Colonel. I think that we sometimes have had a special hearing on these medical matters but I think it is more important now to go along with this general presentation.

Colonel JARBOE. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. We may take up some of these items further when we come to them. There is a replacement at Turner Air Force Base, $2.4 million. We will pass on to the next item.

General CURTIN. The cost of the Clark hospital, Mr. Chairman, was $4.1 million.

Senator STENNIS. It was?

General CURTIN. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. Thank you.

ADMINISTRATIVE MAINTENANCE CONTROL FACILITIES

This

Colonel FENLON. Sir, our next repetitive item is seven projects for administrative wing maintenance control. With the advent of the more complex systems in our aircraft, it has called for a maximum effort in management control in the aircraft maintenance area. is to interface the various phases of maintenance whether it be on the engines, the airframe itself, and so forth, and in total coordination with the operations people to maintain a maximum operational ready capability of the unit.

In this connection with the increased amount of complicated equipment, the press for operational ready aircraft, and a requirement for a minimum number of aircraft down for maintenance, this type of a management system has had to be put into effect, and the facility required is administrative in nature, but it is peculiar to this type of operation.

(The following information was subsequently furnished:)

The complexity of weapons, and the need for economic merging of aircraft and missile inventory with fixed industrial shop and personnel resources requires maximum concentration of the staff elements of the chief maintenance. Such close proximity provides increased responsiveness and eliminates duplication of clerical and recordkeeping functions and reduces communications costs. These functions are: Maintenance control unit; supply liaison unit; quality control unit; aircraft maintenance standardization team. These units: (1) plan, develop, publish, and implement maintenance plans and procedures for effective