Copley and West, eminent painters, and Lindley Murray, a learned grammarian, though natives of this country, passed a great part of their lives, and produced most of their works, in Europe. Some, who are classed as warriors, were also known as statesmen; and some, classed as statesmen, were likewise distinguished as military commanders; as Washington, who was "first in war and first in peace." Dr. Franklin, the most celebrated philosopher that America has produced, and distinguished particularly for his discoveries in electricity, was also an eminent statesman. Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, and the founder of the American system of finance. Ward, Hubbard, Stith, Callender and Belknap, classed in the 4th column, were clergymen ; yet they are most known by works which are not theological, as also are Prince, Muhlenberg, Trumbull, and Morse. Eliot and Brainerd were distinguished as missionaries among the Indians; and the first Edwards is esteemed the greatest metaphysical divine that America has produced. Of the persons enumerated in the fourth column, some were historians, physicians, men of science, poets, artists, &c. Within the last twenty or thirty years, much progress has been made in this country with respect to education and encouragement to learning; and there has also been a vast increase in the amount of original publications; America, however, can yet boast of but few illustrious names in literature, or the arts and sciences. Questions. Who are some of the statesmen and civilians that flourished in the 17th century? In the 18th? In the 19th? Who are some of the warriors that flourished in the 17th century? &e. QUESTIONS. N. B. The numbers prefixed to the following Questions correspond to the paragraphs in the Volume; so that the student will readily see where to seek for every answer. It soill be perceived that, in many instances, the answers to three or four questions are to be found in one paragraph. USES OF HISTORY. 1. What is history? What is said of the study of it? 2. What is said of history, compared with novels and romances? 3. On what is the general taste for history founded? does it afford of human nature? What view 4. What is a higher use of history? What has it been styled? What does it add to our own experience? 5. With what does it make us acquainted? From what does it serve to free the mind? 6. To what class of persons is history indispensable? Of what do we gain a knowledge by history? 7. What further does history show and teach us? 8. What influence has it on the character? How does it make virtue appear,—and vice? What does the reader of history learn to connect with true glory? 9. What does history teach us has been often done under the direction of Providence? 10. Why does a knowledge of history tend to render us contented with our condition in life? THE SOURCES OF HISTORY. 1. What is the first source of history? Who derived his history chiefly from this source? 2. What is the second source? What instances are mentioned? 3. What is the third source? 4. The fourth? 5. The fifth? 6. The sixth? To what century do the most ancient coins that have been found belong? 7. What is the seventh source of history? What is the most celebrated collection of marbles of this kind? 8. What is the most important of these inscriptions? What is said of it? DIVISIONS OF HISTORY. 1. How is history divided with respect to time? 2. What is Ancient History? Modern History? 3. What other eras do some historians adopt for the dividing points? 4. What is a third division of history? What does this period comprise ? 5. What is said further of the Middle Ages? 10. What is Sacred History? Profane History? Ecclesiastical History? Civil History? 11. How far back does Sacred History go, and what was the length of time from the creation to the Christian era? 12. Who is the earliest profane historian? When did he write, and of what nations? 13. What is said of the history of the world before the time when the history of Herodotus begins? 14. What is said of our knowledge of the early history of the world? What is the only source of this information? 15. What are some of the most remarkable events respecting the early history of the world recorded in the Bible? 16. What are the most important portions of profane history? 17. What is said of the history of the Middle or Dark Ages? 18. What portions of history are the best known? EGYPT. 1. Why does Egypt hold a conspicuous place in history? What nation derived its information chiefly from it? 2. What is said of the ancient history of Egypt? 3. What are some of the works of ancient grandeur ?· 4. What is said of the glory of Thebes? 5. What city supplanted Thebes? What is said of the description given of Thebes by Strabo and Diodorus? 6. How was the place of alphabetic writing supplied? 7. What nations did the Egyptians resemble? What was their form of government? 8. To what was every person subjected after his death? 9. Who founded the Egyptian monarchy? What race of kings followed? 10. Were the Egyptians a warlike nation? was a great conqueror? What is said of him? What king of Egypt 11. Who is the next distinguished sovereign? What is said of him? 12. Who conquered Egypt, 525 B. C.? In what manner? 13. By whom was it wrested from Persia? What was its situation after the death of Alexander? THE PHOENICIANS. 1. What is said of the Phoenicians and their history? 2. What are they styled in the Scriptures, and what were their chief cities? 3. Of what were they the reputed inventors? 4. To what places did they send colonies? By whom did Tyre suffer memorable sieges? ASSYRIA AND BABYLON. 1. What is said of Assyria? Who founded Babylon? What is said of their history? 2. What is commonly supposed respecting Assyria and Babylon' What is the opinion of Dr. Gillies? What is said of Ninus and Semiramis ? 3. How is Ninus represented? How is Semiramis described? 4. What is said of the history of the empire from the time of Ninyas to Sardanapalus? 5. What is said of Sardanapalus? Who excited a rebellion against him? 6. What took place with regard to the empire? 7. Who were the four successors of Pul? 8. Who put an end to the Assyrian monarchy ? 9. By whom was Nabopolassar or Nebuchadnezzar succeeded? 10. What took place during the reign of Belshazzar ? PERSIA. 1. What is said of Persia ? What is the state of its history prior to the reign of Cyrus? What was it originally called? Who was the founder of the great Persian empire? What countries did it comprise? 2. To whom are we indebted for the history of Persia? What is said of the Persian historians? Which are entitled to most credit? 3. What is said of Cyrus? What did he perform? 4. What ancients have written accounts of Cyrus? Who have followed Xenophon? What was Xenophon's supposed design? 5. What is said of Cambyses? Of Smerdis? Darius? 6. Who succeeded Darius? What is said of him? To whom did he leave the empire ? 7. Who were the other two principal sovereigns? GREECE. SECTION I. 1. What was the extent of Greece? How was it bounded? What is its general aspect? 2. What is said of this country? For what were the inhabitants renowned ? 3. What did Greece comprise? How did these states differ? How were they united? 4. What was the form of government in the early ages? What form afterwards prevailed? 5. What is said of the history of these republics? Why does thei history excite interest? 6. What were Greece and the inhabitants called by the natives: What do the poets style the Greeks? From whom were the original inhabitants descended? 7. Who brought to Greece the first rudiments of civilization? SECTION II. 1. Into how many general periods may the history of Greece be distinguished? What is the first? What the second? 2. How many years does the first period comprise What is said of it? 3. Into how many subdivisions may this period be distinguished? When does the first period begin and end, and what may 't be termod? The second? The third? The fourth? 4. What does the second general division (the period of authentic history) comprise? What is said of its history? 5. Into how many parts may this period be divided? When does the first begin and end, and what is said of it? The second? The third? The fourth? SECTION III. 1. What does the fabulous age comprise? 2. By whom was Sicyon founded? Argos? Athens? Thebes ? Corinth? Mycena? Lacedæmon? 3. What are some of the memorable events of this period? What else does it embrace? 4. What was the first great enterprise recorded of the Greeks? By whom was it commanded? Who were some of the heroes who accompanied Jason? 5. Why were they called Argonauts? What was their object? What is said of the fleece? SECTION IV. 1. To what has the heroic age been compared? What difference is mentioned between the Greeks and the Gothic nations? 2. On whose authority does the history of the Trojan war rest? What 's said of the Iliad? 3. What is said of Helen? To what oath did her father bind her suitors? Who was the favored individual? 4. What is said of Paris? What did he do on visiting Sparta ? 5. What was the effect of this treachery? How many vessels and men were conveyed to the Trojan coast? Who was chosen commander-in-chief? Who were some of the other most celebrated princes? 6. By whom were the Trojans commanded? What was the final result of the siege? 7. When did the return of the Heraclidæ take place? 8. What is said of Hercules? How long was it after his banishment when his descendants returned? What was the consequence of it? 9. What was the effect of this revolution? SECTION V. 1. What were the two leading states of Greece, and how were they distinguished? How were their different characters formed? 2. Of what was Sparta the capital? How was the government administered? 3. Who was Lycurgus? With what duty was he intrusted? 4. What did he accomplish? What senate did he institute? What did he do respecting the two kings? How did he divide the territory? 5. What measure did he take respecting commerce, &c.? How did the citizens take their food? 6. What was the situation of every citizen? What was the regula tion respecting infants? |