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the Federal share of such approved estimate in making apportionments for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1967; June 30, 1968; and June 30, 1969. The Secretary shall make a revised estimate of the cost of completing the then designated Interstate System after taking into account all previous apportionments made under this section, in the same manner as stated above, and transmit the same to the Senate and the House of Representatives within ten days subsequent to January 2, 1968. Upon the approval by the Congress, the Secretary shall use the Federal share of such approved estimate in making apportionments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1970. The Secretary shall make a final revised estimate of the cost of completing the then designated Interstate System after taking into account all previous apportionments made under this section, in the same manner as stated above, and transmit the same to the Senate and the House of Representatives within ten days subsequent to January 2, 1969. Upon the approval by the Congress, the Secretary shall use the Federal share of such approved estimate in making apportionments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971. Whenever the Secretary, pursuant to this subsection, requests and receives estimates of cost from the State highway departments, he shall furnish copies of such estimates at the same time to the Senate and the House of Representatives.18, 19, 21, 22, 23

(c) Not more than 20 per centum of the amount apportioned in any fiscal year, commencing with the apportionment of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (a) of section 102 of the FederalAid Highway Act of 1956 (70 Stat. 374), to each State in accordance with paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (b) of this section may be transferred from the apportionment under one paragraph to the apportionment under any other of such paragraphs if such a transfer is requested by the State highway department and is approved by the Governor of such State and the Secretary as being in the public interest. The total of such transfers shall not increase the original apportionment under any of such paragraphs by more than 20 per centum. Nothing contained in this subsection shall alter or impair the authority contained in subsection (d) of this section.

(d) Any funds which are apportioned under paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of this section for the Federal-aid secondary system to a State in which all public roads and highways are under the control and supervision of the State highway department may, if the State highway department and the Secretary jointly agree that such funds are not needed for the Federal-aid secondary system, be expended for projects on another Federal-aid system.

(e) On or before January 1 preceding the commencement of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall certify to each of the State highway departments the sums which he has apportioned hereunder to each State for such fiscal year, and also the sums which he has deducted for administration and research pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.

18. 22 Amended by sec. 3 (a) and (b) of Public Law 88-157, Oct. 24, 1963 (77 Stat. 276). 18 Approval of cost estimate as a basis for making I.S. apportionments for fiscal years ending June 30, 1960, 1961, and 1962, by sec. 8 of Public Law 85-381, Apr. 16, 1958 (72 Stat. 89); sec. 1 of Public Law 85-899. Sept. 2, 1958 (72 Stat. 1725); and sec. 103 of Public Law 86-342, Sept. 21, 1959 (73 Stat. 611); for fiscal years ending June 30, 1963. 1964, 1965, and 1966, by sec. 102 of Public Law 87-61, June 29, 1961 (75 Stat. 122); and for fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, by sec. 2 of Public Law 89-139, Oct. 22, 1965 (79 Stat. 578).

21 Amended by sec. 4(a) of Public Law 88-423, Aug .13, 1964 (78 Stat. 397). 23 Amended by sec. 8(g) of Public Law 86-657, July 14, 1960 (74 Stat. 522).

Sec. 105. Programs

(a) As soon as practicable after the apportionments for the Federalaid systems have been made for any fiscal year, the State highway department of any State desiring to avail itself of the benefits of this chapter shall submit to the Secretary for his approval a program or programs of proposed projects for the utilization of the funds apportioned. The Secretary shall act upon programs submitted to him as soon as practicable after the same have been submitted. The Secretary may approve a program in whole or in part, but he shall not approve any project in a proposed program which is not located upon an approved Federal-aid system.

(b) In approving programs for projects on the Federal-aid secondary system, the Secretary shall require, except in States where all public roads and highways are under the control and supervision of the State highway department, that such project be selected by the State highway department and the appropriate local officials in cooperation with each other.

(c) In approving programs for projects on the Federal-aid primary system, the Secretary shall give preference to such projects as will expedite the completion of an adequate and connected system of highways interstate in character.

(d) In approving programs for projects under this chapter, the Secretary may give priority of approval to, and expedite the construction of, projects that are recommended as important to the national defense by the Secretary of Defense, or other official authorized by the President to make such recommendation.

(e) See footnote.24

Sec. 106. Plans, specifications, and estimates

(a) Except as provided in section 117 of this title, the State highway department shall submit to the Secretary for his approval as soon as practicable after program approval, such surveys, plans, specifications, and estimates for each proposed project included in an approved program as the Secretary may require. The Secretary shall act upon such surveys, plans, specifications, and estimates as soon as practicable after the same have been submitted, and his approval of any such project shall be deemed a contractual obligation of the Federal Government for the payment of its proportional contribution thereto. In taking such action, the Secretary shall be guided by the provisions of section 109 of this title.

(b) In addition to the approval required under subsection (a) of this section, proposed specifications for projects for construction on the Federal-aid secondary system, except in States where all public roads and highways are under the control and supervision of the State highway department, shall be determined by the State highway department and the appropriate local officials in cooperation with each other.

(c) Items included in any such estimate for construction engineering shall not exceed 10 per centum of the total estimated cost of a project financed with Federal-aid primary, secondary, or urban funds, after excluding from such total estimated cost, the estimated costs of rightsof-way, preliminary engineering, and construction engineering: Provided, That such limitation shall be 15 per centum in any State with respect to which the Secretary finds such higher limitation to be neces

24 Repealed by sec. 17(b) of Public Law 86-624, July 12, 1960 (74 Stat. 411).

sary. For any project financed with interstate funds, such limitation shall be 10 per centum.2

25

Sec. 107. Acquisition of rights-of-way-Interstate System

(a) In any case in which the Secretary is requested by a State to acquire lands or interests in lands (including within the term "interests in lands", the control of access thereto from adjoining lands) required by such State for right-of-way or other purposes in connection with the prosecution of any project for the construction, reconstruction, or improvement of any section of the Interstate System, the Secretary is authorized, in the name of the United States and prior to the approval of title by the Attorney General, to acquire, enter upon, and take possession of such lands or interests in lands by purchase, donation, condemnation, or otherwise in accordance with the laws of the United States (including the Act of February 26, 1931, 46 Stat. 1421), if

(1) the Secretary has determined either that the State is unable to acquire necessary lands or interests in lands, or is unable to acquire such lands or interests in lands with sufficient promptness; and

(2) the State has agreed with the Secretary to pay, at such time as may be specified by the Secretary an amount equal to 10 per centum of the costs incurred by the Secretary, in acquiring such lands or interests in lands, or such lesser percentage which represents the State's pro rata share of project costs as determined in accordance with subsection (c) of section 120 of this title. The authority granted by this section shall also apply to lands and interests in lands received as grants of land from the United States and owned or held by railroads or other corporations.

(b) The costs incurred by the Secretary in acquiring any such lands or interests in lands may include the cost of examination and abstract of title, certificate of title, advertising, and any fees incidental to such acquisition. All costs incurred by the Secretary in connection with the acquisition of any such lands or interests in lands shall be paid from the funds for construction, reconstruction, or improvement of the Interstate System apportioned to the State upon the request of which such lands or interests in lands are acquired, and any sums paid to the Secretary by such State as its share of the costs of acquisition of such lands or interests in lands shall be deposited in the Treasury to the credit of the appropriation for Federal-aid highways and shall be credited to the amount apportioned to such State as its apportionment of funds for construction, reconstruction, or improvement of the Interstate System, or shall be deducted from other moneys due the State for reimbursement from funds authorized to be appropriated under section 108 (b) of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956.

(c) The Secretary is further authorized and directed by proper deed, executed in the name of the United States, to convey any such lands or interests in lands acquired in any State under the provisions of this section, except the outside five feet of any such right-of-way in any State which does not provide control of access, to the State highway department of such State or such political subdivision thereof as

25 Amended by sec. 7(a) of Public Law 88-157, Oct. 24, 1963 (77 Stat. 276).

its laws may provide, upon such terms and conditions as to such lands or interests in lands as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the State highway department or political subdivisions to which the conveyance is to be made. Whenever the State makes provision for control of access satisfactory to the Secretary, the outside five feet then shall be conveyed to the State by the Secretary, as herein provided.

(d) Whenever rights-of-way, including control of access, on the Interstate System are required over lands or interests in lands owned by the United States, the Secretary may make such arrangements with the agency having jurisdiction over such lands as may be necessary to give the State or other person constructing the projects on such lands adequate rights-of-way and control of access thereto from adjoining lands, and any such agency is directed to cooperate with the Secretary in this connection.

Sec. 108. Advance acquisition of rights-of-way

(a) For the purpose of facilitating the acquisition of rights-of-way on any of the Federal-aid highway systems, including the Interstate System, in the most expeditious and economical manner, and recognizing that the acquisition of rights-of-way requires lengthy planning and negotiations if it is to be done at a reasonable cost, the Secretary, upon the request of the State highway department, is authorized to make available the funds apportioned to any State for expenditure on any of the Federal-aid highway systems, including the Interstate System, for acquisition of rights-of-way, in anticipation of construction and under such rules and regulations as the Secretary may prescribe. The agreement between the Secretary and the State highway department for the reimbursement of the cost of such rights-of-way shall provide for the actual construction of a road on such rights-ofway within a period not exceeding seven years following the fiscal year in which such request is made.26

(b) Federal participation in the cost of rights-of-way acquired under this section shall not exceed the Federal pro rata share applicable to the class of funds from which Federal reimbursement is made. Sec. 109. Standards

(a) The Secretary shall not approve plans and specifications for proposed projects on any Federal-aid system if they fail to provide for a facility (1) that will adequately meet the existing and probable future traffic needs and conditions in a manner conducive to safety, durability, and economy of maintenance; (2) that will be designed and constructed in accordance with standards best suited to accomplish the foregoing objectives and to conform to the particular needs of each locality.

(b) The geometric and construction standards to be adopted for the Interstate System shall be those approved by the Secretary in cooperation with the State highway departments. Such standards, as applied to each actual construction project, shall be adequate to enable such project to accommodate the types and volumes of traffic anticipated for such project for the twenty-year period commencing on the date of approval by the Secretary, under section 106 of this title, of the plans, specifications, and estimates for actual construction of such

26 Amended by sec. 1 of Public Law 86-35, May 29, 1959 (73 Stat. 62).

project. The right-of-way width of the Interstate System shall be adequate to permit construction of projects on the Interstate System to such standards. The Secretary shall apply such standards uniformly throughout all the States.27

(c) Projects on the Federal-aid secondary system in which Federal funds participate shall be constructed according to specifications that will provide all-weather service and permit maintenance at a reasonable cost.

(d) On any highway project in which Federal funds hereafter participate, or on any such project constructed since December 20, 1944, the location, form and character of informational, regulatory and warning signs, curb and pavement or other markings, and traffic signals installed or placed by any public authority or other agency, shall be subject to the approval of the State highway department with the concurrence of the Secretary, who is directed to concur only in such installations as will promote the safe and efficient utilization of the highways.

(e) No funds shall be approved for expenditure on any Federal-aid highway, or highway affected under chapter 2 of this title, unless proper safety protective devices complying with safety standards determined by the Secretary at that time as being adequate shall be installed or be in operation at any highway and railroad grade crossing or drawbridge on that portion of the highway with respect to which such expenditures are to be made.

(f) The Secretary shall not, as a condition precedent to his approval under section 106 of this title, require any State to acquire title to, or control of, any marginal land along the proposed highway in addition to that reasonably necessary for road surfaces, median strips, gutters, ditches, and side slopes, and of sufficient width to provide service roads for adjacent property to permit safe access at controlled locations in order to expedite traffic, promote safety, and minimize roadside parking.

Sec. 110. Project agreements

(a) As soon as practicable after the plans, specifications, and estimates for a specific project have been approved, the Secretary shall enter into a formal project agreement with the State highway department concerning the construction and maintenance of such project. Such project agreement shall make provision for State funds required for the State's pro rata share of the cost of construction of such project and for the maintenance thereof after completion of construction.

(b) The Secretary may rely upon representations made by the State highway department with respect to the arrangements or agreements made by the State highway department and appropriate local officials where a part of the project is to be constructed at the expense of, or in cooperation with, local subdivisions of the State.

Sec. 111. Agreements relating to use of and access to rights-ofway-Interstate System

All agreements between the Secretary and the State highway department for the construction of projects on the Interstate System

27 Amended by sec. 4 of Public Law 88-157, Oct. 24, 1963 (77 Stat. 276).

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