DEPARTMENT OF STATE-CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST EXHIBIT C.-Schedule of supplemental appropriations and revised estimates, fiscal year 1962 9. Estimated amendment required___ 10. Estimated supplemental included in latest budget_ 11. Date needed: For obligation, July 1, 1961. For expenditure, July 1, 1961. 12. Estimated expenditures from supplemental: In budget year__. In next fiscal year- After next fiscal year_. Total__. 13. Actual obligations last 3 months----. EXCERPT FROM HOUSE REPORT 1175 TO ACCOMPANY SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATION Аст, 1962 CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST "The original budget estimate for this item was in the amount of $9,693,000. This estimate was revised downward to $6,850,000 in House Document No. 210 dated July 13, 1961. The bill includes $3,300,000 for this Center, a reduction of $3,550,000 in the revised estimate. The committee has allowed $3,081,075, the full amount requested, for scholarships and grants. The request of $3,224,715 for construction has been denied and none of the funds included in the bill are to be used for construction purposes. "From the information furnished the committee by the State Department it appears that little or no protection of the Federal taxpayer has been taken into consideration in the agreements entered into in connection with the construction of the buildings at the University of Hawaii. "The Department is directed to work out a suitable arrangement whereby the U.S. Government is guaranteed the use of any buildings constructed for an adequate length of time. Any long-range plans in connection with this program should be presented to the Congress prior to the requesting of additional funds.” APPENDIX B-MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 17 OF ACT 1, S.S.L. 1959-HAWAII STATE GOVERNMENT REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1959 RELATING TO THE Board of REGENTS, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII 66* ** The board shall consist of eleven members, one from each senatorial district and three at large and the president of the university and the superintendent of public instruction as ex officio voting members. No more than six of the members shall be members of the same political party and at least five of the members shall be former students of the university of Hawaii * Effective November 25, 1959. MEMORANDUM Subject: East-West Center team visit to Asia. The general plans for the establishment and implementation of the EastWest Center for cultural and technical interchange in Hawaii called for initial contacts to be made as rapidly as possible by University of Hawaii officials with interested individuals in Asia. The reason for such planning was to insure a maximum of participation by Asians in the planning and implementary stage of the Center's operation. To that end, even prior to the actual finalization of contracts for the center between the Department of State and the University of Hawaii, two men representing the university were sent to Asia. These men, Dr. Y. Baron Goto and Dr. Thomas H. Ige, were to act as an advance team for the University of Hawaii's East-West Center. They departed for Tokyo, Japan, on October 18. They were followed on October 28 by Profs. William M. Wachter, Kenneth K. Lau, and Dr. John N. Stalker, who joined Drs. Goto and Ige in Tokyo. This 5-man team, representing the University of Hawaii's East-West Center, traveled through some 19 areas in Asia and the Pacific, returning to Honolulu on December 24. The report attached to this memorandum comprises their findings and recommendations on the basis of this very extensive tour. Respectfully submitted. WILLIAM WACHTER. THE PURPOSE OF THE MISSION The purpose of the mission was as follows: 1. To provide accurate information about the conception, programs, and organization of the University of Hawaii's East-West Center to educators and government officials in Asia. 2. To investigate the possible procedures for the selection of scholars and students to participate in the programs of the Center. In line with this objective, to establish, where necessary and feasible, contacts with individuals and organizations for the proper screening of students and scholars. 3. To establish a wide variety of contacts with individuals for possible future use in selecting visiting scholars and members of the International Advisory Board. 4. To solicit suggestions and ideas from Asian educators and others as to the ways in which they might participate in the programs of the Center. 5. To invite suggestions relative to the formulation of an agenda for a meeting in Hawaii of leaders in Asia in the summer of 1961, and to contact possible invitees for such a conference; the purpose of such a conference being to discuss the role of Asian and Pacific countries in the Center and to study at firsthand possible candidates for an International Advisory Board. 249 COMPOSITION OF TEAM The members of the team were selected by President Laurence Snyder with the advice of the interim director and the faculty advisory committee of the East-West Center. Administrative Vice President William M. Wachter represented the University of Hawaii in basic testimony before a subcommittee of the U.S. Senate Appropriations Committee in June 1960. He had just returned from Washington after negotiating the grant-in-aid agreement between the university and the Department of State on establishment, organization, and operation of the East-West Center. He was formerly dean of the college of engineering. Dr. Y. Baron Goto, director of the Agricultural Extension Service, has had extensive contacts and knowledge of the area covered as a result of his four previous trips. In his present capacity, he has helped to train hundreds of Asians who now hold key positions in their respective countries. He was formerly Director of the International Cooperation Center in Hawaii and has maintained many important Asian contacts. His knowledge of the Japanese language proved helpful in many areas. Mr. Kenneth K. Lau, director of the Legislative Reference Bureau, University of Hawaii, is chairman of the university advisory committee of the East-West Center. He also headed a committee on the screening of potential candidates for key administrative positions in the Center. First as a university student and later as an Army officer, he spent several years in Asia. His knowledge of both the Mandarin and Cantonese dialects of the Chinese language proved very helpful in several areas. Dr. John N. Stalker, director of the overseas operations program, has traveled widely in Asia and has established many contacts through his nightly radio program, "Pacific Commentary." He recently directed a student leaders seminar at the University of Hawaii with representation from most of the countries covered on this trip. In addition, he has intimate knowledge of various university programs related to future Center operations as well as the related community resources. Dr. Thomas H. Ige, as former director of Asian studies, had covered most of the countries in late 1959. For 4 months prior to the trip, he had conducted three seminars at the university with leaders and specialists from Asia in the fields of education, journalism, and civic leadership. Dr. Robert Hiatt, dean of the graduate school and director of research, was also included, since most of the scholarships will be to students at the graduate level and an essential part of the programs of the Center will be in research and advanced studies undertaken by senior scholars. Unfortunately he was unable to make the trip because of a prior commitment in South America. ADVANCE PREPARATION Prior to the team's departure, every attempt was made to contact by letter as many individuals as possible on our itinerary who would be helpful to the accomplishment of the mission (names of persons to whom letters were sent prior to the team's departure are listed in appendix A). In mid-October, the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State was informed of the composition of the team, the purpose of its visit, and its itinerary. In turn, the Bureau notified the embassies in Asia of our impending arrival. Prior to our arrival in most of these areas, the State Department had entered into communications with the embassies regarding the East-West Center's quota of students for February 1961. The selection of these students was well underway or, in some cases, completed. Similarly, the International Cooperation Center in Honolulu, under the directorship of Dr. Dai Ho Chun, had alerted foreign posts of the International Cooperation Agency concerning the mission. In addition, letters from the President of the University of Hawaii were sent to vice chancellors and presidents of leading universities in Asia. Letters were also sent to the executive secretary of the U.S. Educational Foundation in the countries to be visited and to individual professors in Asian universities where previous contacts had been made. Finally, the University of Hawaii Public Information Office had sent out press releases to Asian newspapers and other mass communications media. AREAS COVERED Listed below are the 19 areas covered. As much as possible, the team operated as a unit, but it was necessary in several places to split the group in order to stay within the time limit. Where these splits were made, the individual names are noted. Tokyo, Japan, October 20-24, Goto and Ige: Conference of Asian Educators. Seoul, Korea, October 25-26, Goto and Ige. Okinawa, October 27-28, Goto and Ige. Tokyo, Japan, October 29 to November 2, team. Taipei, Formosa, November 3-5, team. Taichung, Formosa, November 4, Stalker and Lau. Hong Kong, November 6-8, team. Manila, November 9-10, team. Saigon, Vietnam, November 11-13, team. Bangkok, Thailand, November 13-18, team. Rangoon, Burma, November 19-22, team (Goto and Lau left on November 20). Calcutta, India, November 21-22, Goto and Lau. Dacca, East Pakistan, November 23-25, Wachter, Stalker, and Ige. Katmandu, Nepal, November 23-25, Goto and Lau. New Delhi, India, November 26-30, team. Karachi, West Pakistan, December 1-3, Wachter, Goto, and Ige. Bombay, India, December 1-2, Stalker and Lau. Madras, India, December 3-6, Stalker and Lau. Colombo, Ceylon, December 5-8, team (Stalker and Lau in on December 7). Singapore, December 9-14, team (Goto and Ige left on December 11). Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, December 12-13, Goto and Ige. Djakarta, Indonesia, December 15-18, team (Stalker and Ige to Bandung December 17) (Goto to Bogor December 17). Sydney, Australia, December 18-20, Wachter, Goto, and Lau. Canberra, Australia, December 20, Wachter and Lau. Melbourne, Australia, December 18-20, Stalker and Ige. Auckland, New Zealand, December 21-23, Stalker and Ige. Wellington, New Zealand, December 21-, Wachter, Goto, and Lau. The trip was carried out according to schedule with two major exceptions: 1. The journey of Stalker and Ige into Laos was canceled because of the civil strife. 2. Wachter, Goto, and Lau skipped Cambodia because the uprising during our stay in Saigon made it impossible to obtain visas there. Although we did visit Saigon as scheduled, we were unable to conduct any business because of the attempted coup d'etat. GENERAL PROCEDURE OF TEAM The procedure followed by the team was used in all countries with some variations to meet local conditions. Prior to our arrival in any country or area, a cable was sent to the American Embassy in that area to confirm our arrival, hotel accommodations, the names of team members, and flight number. In most cases, we were met upon arrival by a staff member of the American Embassy. There were usually USIS, ICA, USOM or USEF personnel. Their assistance in clearing the team through entrance and exist procedures was most valuable. In many places, representatives from Asian universities, host governmental officials or friends of the University of Hawaii greeted us on arrival. The first order of business upon arrival was to check on the schedule of visits worked out for the team. In most places, this was handled by a control officer of the American Embassy. In some cases where schedules had not been drawn up, it was necessary to hold a conference to set up such schedules. Even where schedules were completed, it was necessary for the control officer to confirm appointments, cancel others, and make additional appointments. We are greatly indebted to these people without whose help it would have been extremely difficult for us to accomplish this mission in the limited amount of time available to us. Meetings were arranged with three major categories of people: (1) With U.S. Government officials, (2) with host government officials (particularly in the ministry education), (3) with university officers and educators, the emphasis and amount of time spent with each category varied from country to country and depended to a great extent upon the circumstances in each country. Where time 78304-62 -17 permitted, contacts were made with individuals and representatives of foundation in various areas. In almost every area, we met the American ambassador, the American consul, or the ranking officer, as the case might be, not only as a matter of courtesy but because we thought it desirable to inform the top American officials of our program and to solicit their advice and assistance. Meetings with other American personnel usually followed a set pattern. First, a briefing session was held for the benefit of the team on the education, politics, and economics of the country. This was usually conducted by the cultural affairs officer or some other individual. Occasionally, a joint briefing session was arranged with officials from the American Embassy and representatives of ICA, USIS, USOM, and USEF. Second, the team conducted a briefing session to explain the program of the University of Hawaii's East-West Center for the benefit of Americans involved in various programs in these countries. These were often held in joint meetings with the staff people of USIS, ICA, USOM, and other agencies. Appointments were made in most areas with top officials in the ministries or departments of education. We briefed them on the Center and solicited their suggestions and comments regarding it. We thought it was essential that we keep these important Government officials fully informed of the Center in order to secure their cooperation with the program. Some sessions combined American and host country personnel. For example, USEF boards are binational in composition and some of the most fruitful suggestions resulted from meetings with individuals of such organizations. We attempted to spend as much time with university officials and scholars as possible. We visited the campuses of many universities, met with vice chancellors, presidents, registrars, deans of colleges, and scholars in numerous fields. The schedule included many luncheons, receptions, and dinners generously arranged by Americans and host country leaders. Some of the most effective work was done at these semiofficial functions-usually of mixed groups. REPUBLIC OF KOREA The recent political upheaval in Korea has resulted in a considerable disorganization of normal life. This has naturally affected Korean educational institutions. The political upheaval also means that Korean educational institutions are in for major overhauls. For all that, the team feels that two problems will be constantly recurring in the University of Hawaii's relationship with the Republic of Korea as regards the East-West Center. Universities pour out thousands of graduates every year in Korea. Because industrial and commercial developments have proceeded slowly, the foremost problem for the country is the placement of these university graduates. There is a tremendous scarcity of jobs, and in too many cases university graduates cannot utilize their training. This results in a great deal of frustration among Korean young people. It is of major concern to Korean educators and Government officials. Therefore, it is important that we do not unwittingly add to the growing number of frustrated young Koreans,with American degrees, who cannot be utilized at present in their own country. Korean higher education is largely concentrated in Seoul. There is a concentration of good training facilities in the national capital, where most of the new universities are located. As a result, there appears to be some resentment that universities outside of Seoul do not get a fair share of American scholarship grants. American Embassy officials are aware of this, and are beginning to think of trying to spread scholarship quotas into the provincial areas. A conscious policy decision is probably necessary for the implementation of such a program. Information The members of the team were afforded an opportunity to meet with American officials largely headed by Mr. Arthur J. McTaggart, who is the Assistant CAO in Seoul. Mr. McTaggart was the control officer for the team's visit. Conversations were also held with USOM officials. Here again we exchanged information, telling them about the University of Hawaii's Center and listening to their own evaluations of conditions in the Republic and how the University of Hawaii Center's programs might work in Korea. We were also fortunate in meeting with officials of the Korean-American Foundation and had interesting discussions with these officials on screening and selection procedures. |