Executive Order 11276-April 21, 1966 CREATING AN EMERGENCY BOARD TO INVESTIGATE DISPUTES BETWEEN THE CARRIERS REPRESENTED BY THE FIVE CARRIERS NEGOTIATING COMMITTEE AND CERTAIN OF THEIR EMPLOYEES WHEREAS disputes exist between the air carriers represented by the Five Carriers Negotiating Committee, designated in List A1 attached hereto and made a part hereof, and certain of their employees represented by the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO, a labor organization; and WHEREAS these disputes have not heretofore been adjusted under the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, as amended; and WHEREAS these disputes, in the judgment of the National Mediation Board, threaten substantially to interrupt interstate commerce to a degree such as to deprive the country of essential transportation service: NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by section 10 of the Railway Labor Act, as amended (45 U.S.C. 160), I hereby create a board of three members, to be appointed by me, to investigate these disputes. No member of the board shall be pecuniarily or otherwise interested in any organization of airline employees or in any air carrier. The board shall report its findings to the President with respect to the disputes within thirty days from the date of this order. As provided by section 10 of the Railway Labor Act, as amended, from this date and for thirty days after the board has made its report to the President, no change, except by agreement, shall be made by the carriers represented by the Five Carriers Negotiating Committee, or by their employees, in the conditions out of which the disputes arose. LYNDON B. JOHNSON Proclamation 3972-March 23, 1970 DECLARING A NATIONAL EMERGENCY By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation WHEREAS certain employees of the Postal Service are engaged in an unlawful work stoppage which has prevented the delivery of the mails and the discharge of other postal functions in various parts of the United States: and WHEREAS, as a result of such unlawful work stoppage the performance of critical governmental and private functions, such as the processing of men into the Armed Forces of the United States, the transmission of tax refunds and the receipt of tax collections, the transmission of Social Security and welfare payments, and the conduct of numerous and important commercial transactions, has wholly ceased or is seriously impeded; and WHEREAS the continuance of such work stoppage with its attendant consequences will impair the ability of this nation to carry out its obligations abroad, and will cripple or halt the official and commercial intercourse which is essential to the conduct of its domestic business: NOW, THEREFORE, I, RICHARD NIXON, President of the United States of America, pursuant to the powers vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States and more particularly by the provisions of Section 673 of Title 10 of the United States Code, do hereby declare a state of national emergency, and direct the Secretary of Defense to take such action as he deems necessary to carry out the provisions of the said Section 673 in order that the laws of the United States pertaining to the Post Office Department may be executed in accordance with their terms. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 23rd day of March in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and seventy, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and ninety-fourth. RICHARD NIXON Executive Order 11519-March 23, 1970 CALLING INTO SERVICE MEMBERS AND UNITS WHEREAS certain employees of the Postal Service are engaged in an unlawful work stoppage which has prevented the delivery of the mails and the discharge of other postal functions in various parts of the United States; and WHEREAS the laws of the United States, including Sections 707, 5102, 6001, and 6101 of Title 39, United States Code require that the business of the Post Office Department, including the expeditious processing and delivery of the mail, be regularly carried on; and WHEREAS the aforesaid unlawful work stoppage has prevented and is preventing the execution of the aforesaid laws relating to the Post Office Department; and WHEREAS the breakdown of the postal service in the numerous areas affected by the said unlawful work stoppage is a matter of grave national concern; and WHEREAS I am charged by the Constitution of the United States to take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and I have determined that I am unable solely with the regular forces to cause the aforesaid laws to be executed: NOW, THEREFORE, I, RICHARD NIXON, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including Sections 3500 and 8500 of Title 10 of the United States Code and Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, do hereby order as follows: SECTION 1. The Secretary of Defense is authorized and directed to take all appropriate steps to respond to requests of the Postmaster General for assistance in restoring and maintaining Postal service and to execute the Postal laws of the United States. SEC. 2. In furtherance of the authorization and direction contained in section 1 hereof, the Secretary of Defense is authorized to use such of the Armed Forces of the United States as he may deem necessary. SEC. 3. I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of Defense to call into the active military service of the United States, as he may deem appropriate to carry out the purposes of this order, any or all of the units of the Army National Guard and of the Air National Guard that he deems appropriate to serve in the active military service of the United States for an indefinite period and until relieved by appropriate orders. In carrying out the provisions of this order, the Secretary of Defense is authorized to use the units, and members thereof, of the Army National Guard and of the Air National Guard called into the active military service of the United States pursuant to this section. SEC. 4. The Secretary of Defense is authorized to delegate within the Department of Defense any of the authority conferred upon him by this Executive order. RICHARD NIXON Executive Order 11594-May 17, 1971 PROVIDING FOR THE USE OF TRANSPORTATION PRIORITIES AND ALLOCATIONS DURING THE CURRENT RAILROAD STRIKE WHEREAS the current railroad strike threatens to halt virtually all transportation of persons and things by rail, and the remaining transportation facilities of the nation will be unable to handle all the essential traffic requirements put upon them; and WHEREAS section 101 (a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2071 (a)) provides that: and "The President is hereby authorized (1) to require that performance under contracts or orders (other than contracts of employment) which he deems necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense shall take priority over performance under any other contract or order, and, for the purpose of assuring such priority, to require acceptance and performance of such contracts or orders in preference to other contracts or orders by any person he finds to be capable of their performance, and (2) to allocate materials and facilities in such manner, upon such conditions, and to such extent as he shall deem necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense." WHEREAS the foregoing powers of the President have been delegated to certain officers of the Government by and pursuant to Executive Order No. 10480 of August 14, 1953, as amended: NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, including the authority conferred upon me by the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2061, et seq.), it is hereby ordered as follows: SECTION 1. This order shall constitute a finding in pursuance of section 101 (b) of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, with respect to the exercise, as directed by section 2 of this order, of the powers vested in me by section 101 (a) of that Act. SEC. 2. The officers of the Government in whom are vested (by or pursuant to Executive Order No. 10480, as amended), the allocation and priorities powers of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, shall exercise those powers to accomplish the transportation and delivery of such persons and things as they deem necessary or proper to promote the national defense, including the accomplishment of military requirements; governmental functions, defense production and measures essential to the public health and safety. SEC. 3. Notwithstanding any other provision of this order or any other order: (1) The Secretary of Transportation is directed to determine, with the concurrence of the Director of the Office of Emergency Preparedness, the proper overall apportionment and allocation of available transportation capacity. (2) The Secretary of Transportation, subject to the general policy guidance of the Director of the Office of Emergency Preparedness, shall exercise centralized direction in the use of transportation priorities to accomplish the purposes of this order. (3) The Secretary of Transportation shall provide the organization, procedures and redelegations to carry out the functions under the foregoing provisions of this section. SEC. 4. This order takes effect at once and shall remain effective until the resumption of rail service makes it unnecessary but in no event more than fifteen days after the termination of the current railroad strike. RICHARD NIXON Executive Order 11694-Jan. 2, 1973 CREATING AN EMERGENCY BOARD TO INVESTIGATE A DISPUTE BETWEEN THE PORT AUTHORITY TRANS-HUDSON CORPORATION AND CERTAIN OF ITS EMPLOYEES WHEREAS, a dispute exists between the Port Authority TransHudson Corporation and certain of its employees represented by the Brotherhood Railway Carmen of the United States and Canada, a labor organization; and WHEREAS, this dispute has not heretofore been adjusted under the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, as amended; and WHEREAS, this dispute, in the judgment of the National Mediation Board, threatens substantially to interrupt interstate commerce to a degree such as to deprive a section of the country of essential transportation service: NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by section 10 of the Railway Labor Act, as amended (45 U.S.C. 160), I hereby create a board of three members, to be appointed by me, to investigate this dispute. No member of the board shall be pecuniarily or otherwise interested in any organization of railroad employees or any carrier. The board shall report its finding to the President with respect to the dispute within thirty days from the date of this order. As provided by section 10 of the Railway Labor Act, as amended, from this date and for thirty days after the board has made its report to the President, no change, except by agreement, shall be made by the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, or by its employees, in the conditions out of which the dispute arose. RICHARD NIXON |