Gerlache de Gomery, Commandant de. Belgium in War Time, Translated from the French by Bernard Miall. Doran, 1917, p. xii, 243. $.50. Comprehensive accounts of events and conditions, amply illustrated.

*Gibson, Hugh S. A Journal from our Legation in Belgium. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, 1917, p. xii, 360. $2.50. Interesting selection from daily notes of first secretary of American legation from July 4 to December 31, 1914.

Grondys, L. H. The Germans in Belgium, Experiences of a Neutral. Appleton, 1916, p. ix, 95. $.50 Journal account of Dutch professor who was in Louvain during the destruction and witnessed other German atrocities during the invasion. Halasi, Odon. Belgium under the German Heel. Cassell, 1917, p. x, 257. 6s. Description of conditions observed by an Hungarian author during a visit in 1916. The anonymous translator adds information derived from another Magyar who had spent eighteen months in Belgium during the war. Sympathetic, not sensational.

Huberich, C. H., and Nicol-Speyer, A., editors. German Legislation for the Occupied Territories of Belgium; Official Texts. The Hague, Nijhoff. Editions in German, Flemish, French, and English have appeared in successive volumes for the legislation of successive periods; fifth volume, with index to first five, covers to Dec. 31, 1915.

Kellogg, Mrs. Charlotte. The Women of Belgium; Turning Tragedy to Triumph. Funk, 1917, p. xviii, 210. $1. By only woman member of Hoover commission. Describes relief work and what Belgian women have done for themselves. Written with simplicity and restraint.

Libert de Flemalle, Gabriel de. Fighting with King Albert. Doran, 1915, p. xi, 327. 6s. By Captain in Belgian army; important for Belgian army before the war and question of its preparedness, with narrative on resistance to invasion.

*Massart, Jean. The Belgians under the German Eagle, translated by Bernard Miall. Dutton, 1916, p. 368. $3.50. Written from observations during first year of the war, with full documentation from German sources. Vigorous indictment of German rule.

Mercier, Desiré Felician Francois Joseph, Cardinal. Pastorals, Letters, Allocutions, 1914-1917, with a biographical Sketch by Rev. Joseph F. Stillemans. Kenedy, 1917. $1.25. The Voice of Belgium, being the War Utterances of Cardinal Mercier, with a Preface by Cardinal Bourne. London, Burns & Oates, 1917, p. ix, 330. 2s. 6d. Similar collections, including some items which have been published separately.

Mokveld, L. The German Fury in Belgium; translated by C. Thieme. Doran, 1917, p. 247. $1. By Dutch correspondent with German army from Liège to the Yser, whose careful, candid, neutral observations constitute a formidable indictment of German acts.

Morgan, John Hartman. German Atrocities, an Official Investigation. Dutton, 1916, p. 192, $1. Professor Morgan was member of Bryce commission, and this volume supplements the Report with additional materials and comments. Nothomb, Pierre. The Barbarians in Belgium; translated by Jean E. H. Findlay. London, Jarrold, 1915, p. 294. 2s. 6d. Account by Belgian, endorsed by preface by Belgian Minister of Justice.

Nyrop, Kristopher. The Imprisonment of the Ghent Professors, a Question of Might and Right, My Reply to the German Legation in Stockholm. London, Hodder, 1917, p. 91. Includes discussion of Flemish, question, case of University of Ghent as well as arrests of professors Fredericq and Pirenne.

Official Commission of the Belgian Government. Reports on the Violations of the Rights of Nations and of the Laws and Customs of War in Belgium, with Extracts from the Pastoral Letter of Cardinal Mercier, and Preface by J. Van den Heuvel, Minister of State. London, Unwin, 1915, p. xxxv, 113, 6d. Systematic presentation of carefully collected evidence. Strong indictment of German war methods and deeds.

Sarolea, Charles. How Belgium Saved Europe, with a Preface by Count Goblet d'Alviella. Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1915, p. ix, 227. $1. Patriotic appreciation of Belgium's part in first weeks of the war. Author was in Belgium during period.

Somville, Gustave. The Road to Liège, the Path of Crime, August 1914; translated by Bernard Miall. Doran, 1916, p. xxii, 296. $1. French writer; divides material into narrative and critical sections. Challenges Germans to disprove his statements.

**Toynbee, Arnold Joseph. The German Terror in Belgium, an Historical Record. Doran, 1917, p. xiii, 160. $1. Systematic account of German behavior in Belgium and treatment of Belgian people, based on testimony gathered and published by officials and commissions of various governments.

*Van der Essen, Léon. The invasion and the War in Belgium, with a Sketch of the Diplomatic Negotiations preceding the Conflict. London, Unwin, 1917, p. 356. 15s. By a professor of history at Louvain. Best and fullest account yet available, but military side is rather weak and the critical method is not all that could be desired of a professor of history. Discusses neutrality issue.

Verdavaine, Georges. Pictures of Ruined Belgium, with 72 Pen and Ink Sketches Drawn on the Spot by L. Berden. Lane, 1917. $3. Chief value in pictures. Text by art critic of Independance Belge, translated by J. Lewis May, based on official reports.

Verhaeren, Emile. Belgium's Agony, translated and introduced by M. T. H. Sadler. Boston, Houghton, 1915, p. xxii, 131. $1.25. Splendid literary exposition of Belgium's sufferings and pride in bearing the suffering; biting criticisms of Germany.

Williams, Albert Rhys. In the Claws of the German Eagle. Dutton, 1917, p. ix, 273. $1.50. Good account of observations, especially in Belgium, during early weeks of the war, by a Boston pastor of socialist proclivities.

17. BELGIUM: NEUTRALITY AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: DISCUSSIONS.

**DeVisscher, Charles. Belgium's Case, a Juridical Enquiry; translated from the French by E. F. Jourdain, with a Preface by J. van den Heuvel. Doran, 1916, p. xxiv, 164. $1. Excellent, comprehensive, concise study by professor of law in University of Ghent; written with fairness and moderation.

Fuehr, Karl Alexander. The Neutrality of Belgium, a Study of the Belgian Case under its Aspects in Political History and International Law. Funk, 1915, p. xiii, 248. $1.50. Historical and legal study to support German side. Contains various documents, including facsimiles of famous Brussels documents.

Grasshoff, Richard. The Tragedy of Belgium, an Answer to Professor Waxweiler. Dillingham, 1915, p. 244. $1. Claims to use official material of German government to refute charges of German atrocities in Belgium, but generally mistakes vehemence for argument, and assertion for proof. Emphasizes franc-tireur acts of Belgians.

Labberton, J. H. Belgium and Germany, a Dutch View, translated by William Ellery Leonard. Chicago, Open Court Pub. Co., 1916, p. ix, 153. $1. Somewhat philosophical attempt to justify German invasion of Belgium. Avows neutrality but accepts German unsupported statements with little question, exonerates Germany and blames England.

Langenhove, Fernand van. The Growth of a Legend, a Study Based upon the German Accounts of Francs-Tireurs and "Atrocities" in Belgium, with a preface by J. Mark Baldwin. Putnam, 1916, p. xv, 321. $1.25. The author is scientific secretary of the Solvay Institute of Brussels. Translation by E. B. Sherlock. Moderate, restrained investigation of evidence, but occasional over-refinement of argument.

*Sanger, Charles Percy, and Norton, Henry Tertius James. England's Guarantee to Belgium and Luxemburg, with the Full Text of the Treaties. Scribner, 1915, p. viii, 155. $1.50. Historical section by Norton, international law discussion by Sanger. Treatment, careful, technical, legalistic, not popular. "The obligations of Great Britain under the treaties of 1839 and 1867 are extremely doubtful . . . but in the circumstances of the case, Sir Edward Grey adhered to the traditional view of English statesmen."

*Waxweiler, Emile. Belgium, Neutral and Loyal, the War of 1914. Putnam, 1915, p. xi, 324. $1.25. Author is Director of Solvay Institute of Sociology of Brussels. Original appeared in Switzerland in December, 1914. Earnest, dignified plea for exoneration by an advocate; sober and moderate in tone, but vigorously insistent on facts and views.

*Waxweiler, Emile. Belgium and the Great Powers, her Neutrality Explained and Vindicated. Putnam, 1916, p. xi, 186. $1. Published fifteen months after former, "it neither corrects nor modifies it in any respect." Answers various German charges against Belgium. Like predecessor will remain one of most important volumes on Belgian question.

18. FRANCE.

Bracq, Jean Charlemagne. France under the Third Republic. Scribner, 1910, p. x, 376. $1.50. Account of cultural development, including church and education questions. Clear, accurate, fair, sympathetic to the Republic.

*Bracq, Jean Charlemagne. The Provocation of France, Fifty Years of German Aggression. Oxford Press, 1916, p. vii, 202. $1.25. Discriminating survey of Franco-German relations in last half-century with careful references to authorities, by professor in Vassar College.

Dimnet, Ernest. France Herself Again. Putnam, 1914, p. xii, 399. $2.50. Written in English by patriotic Frenchman; nearly completed before outbreak of war. Though France had been decadent under Second Empire and Third Republic, its health and vigor has revived since 1905.

*Guérard, Albert Léon. French Civilization in the Nineteenth Century, a Historical Introduction. Century, 1914, p. 312. $3. Good historical and descriptive account, published before the war.

Kipling, Rudyard. France at War, On the Frontier of Civilization. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, 1915, p. 130. 50 cents. Interpretation of spirit of France in author's best style.

*Poincaré, Raymond. How France is Governed. Translated by Bernard Miall. McBride, 1914, p. 376. $2.25. Written before author became president of France, for French school use. Adult readers will find this an excellent introduction to theory, form, and working of French government.

**Sabatier, Paul. A Frenchman's Thoughts on the War. Translated by Bernard Miall. Scribner, 1916, p. 164. $1.25. Perhaps best effort to reveal development of French character during the war. Somewhat historical and descriptive, but the human interest is the keynote. Compare Kipling's France at War and Chevrillon's England.

*Wright, Charles Henry Conrad. A History of the Third French Republic. Boston, Houghton, 1916, p. 206. $1.50. Excellent, concise, impartial narrative. Should be supplemented for descriptive matter by Bracq's Third Republic

19. ITALY.

*Bainville, Jacques. Italy and the War. Translated by Bernard Miall. Doran, 1916, p. 267. $1. The author, a French correspondent with long service in Italy, reviews growth of Italian national unity, describes movement of Italy from Triple Alliance to Quadruple Entente, and concludes with chapter on effect of the war on Italy's future. Believes Italy's entrance into war was act of public will.

*Dillon, Emile John. From the Triple to the Quadruple Alliance: Why Italy Went Into the War. Doran, 1915, p. xii, 242. $1.50. Good account of traditions and events which influenced Italy's entrance into the war by able English student of foreign affairs, who visited Italy in critical period.

*Jamison, E. M., and others. Italy, Medieval and Modern, a History. Oxford Press, 1917, p. viii, 564. $2.90. Four English historical scholars have furnished a convenient sketch of Italian history from the close of the Roman Empire to 1915. The section on the nineteenth century and the antecedents of the war is noteworthy.

Low, Sidney James Mark. Italy in the War. Longmans, 1916, p. xii, 316. $1.75. Good account of movement of events since August, 1914, in Italy; of how Italy and Austria went to war; and of the conditions under which they contend.

McClure, W. K. Italy in North Africa, an Account of the Tripoli Enterprise. Philadelphia, Winston, 1914, p. xi, 328. $2.50. Good account of Italo-Turkish war by an observer and Italian sympathizer.

Vivian, Herbert. Italy at War. Dutton, 1917, p. ix, 370. $2.50. Character sketches of Italian leaders and of the Italian people rather than discussion of issues. Useful for sympathetic understanding of Italian attitude and activity. Wallace, William Kay. Greater Italy, 1858-1916. Scribner, 1917, p. x, 312. $2. Account of unification of Italy and of the Triple Alliance, and good, informing discussion of Italy's problems in connection with the war.

20. PORTUGAL.

Young, George. Portugal, Old and Young. Oxford Press, 1917. 5s. Though published in Histories of Belligerents Series, not so much history as a collection of essays on modern Portugal; best on cultural side. Author belonged to British legation at Lisbon.

21. ALSACE-LORRAINE.

*Hazen, Charles Downer. Alsace-Lorraine Under German Rule. Holt, 1917, p. 246. $1.25. Clear, convincing indictment of German control of Alsace-Lorraine, by competent American historical scholar.

Jordan, David Starr. Alsace-Lorraine, a Study in Conquest. Indianapolis, Bobbs, 1917. $1. Written in 1913, after special study in the provinces, and partly published in Atlantic Monthly, May, 1914. Alsace is the storm-center, but war is no remedy for its problem. Quotes liberally both French and German views.

Putnam, Ruth. Alsace and Lorraine from Cæsar to Kaiser, 58 B. C.—1871 A. D. Putnam, 1915, p. viii, 208. $1.25. Scholarly historical outline, with supplementary chapter on German rule; non-committal.

22. GERMANY: HISTORY.

Germany in the Nineteenth Century. Longmans, 1915, p. xvi, 254. $2. Two series of lectures delivered at Manchester University in 1911 and early in 1914 by J. H. Rose and other English scholars, descriptive of German history and culture. Authors' views have been somewhat modified by the war, as shown by their later writings.

Henderson, Ernest Flagg. A Short History of Germany. Macmillan, 1916, 2 vols. $3.50. Second edition of work published in 1902, with three chapters added for period 1871-1914. By American scholar of German sympathies; accurate, fair, well written.

*Marriott, John Arthur Ransome, and Robertson, Charles Grant. The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire. Oxford Press, 1915, p. 459. $1.75. From Great Elector to Bismarck, with bibliography and sketch maps. Of avowed tendency and lively but not unfair criticism. More detailed and readable than Priest.

*Priest, George Madison. Germany since 1740. Boston, Ginn, 1915, p. xvi, 199. $1.25. Good sketch with emphasis on Prussia; tends to neglect internal affairs. Summarizes the views of German history prevalent in generation preceding the war.

*Schevill, Ferdinand. The Making of Modern Germany, Six Public Lectures Delivered in Chicago in 1915. Chicago, McClurg, 1916, p. xi, 259. $1.25. A professor of modern European history in University of Chicago surveys events from Great Elector to the war with studied moderation of tone and reserve of statement. Clear, pleasing style, sometimes ingratiating as in its minimizing militarism.

Smith, Munroe. Bismarck and German Unity. Columbia University Press, 1910, p. x, 132. $1. Second edition of sketch published on occasion of Bismarck's death in 1898. Excellent brief survey of the man and his policies.

Treitschke, Heinrich Gotthard von. History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century; translated by Eden and Cedar Paul. McBride, 1915-16, vols. 1 and 2, xix, 708; xiv, 724. Each $3.25. Less permeated with his notorious views than his "Politics," the "History" has been more widely popular and influential in Germany. In general, good history; important for understanding German history of past century and present German character. Second volume covers to 1820.

Ward, Sir Adolphus William. Germany, 1815-1890. Cambridge Historical Series. Putnam, 1916, vol. 1, p. xiv, 592. $3. A learned accumulation of facts narrated in dry, impartial manner. Most thorough English account. First volume covers to 1852.

23. GERMANY: KAISER AND COURT.

Fox, Edward Lyell. Wilhelm Hohenzollern & Co. McBride, 1917, p. xii, 237. $1.50. Sensational account of the Kaiser and men around him by American journalist who was three times in Germany during the war.

Graves, Armgaard Karl, pseud. The Secrets of the Hohenzollerns. McBride, 1915, p. 251. $1.50. English title: The Red Secrets of the Hohenzollerns. Highly sensational; would be interesting if true.

Hammer, Simon Christian. William the Second. Boston, Houghton, 1917, p. 272. $1.50. Attempt at psychological analysis of the Kaiser based on his speeches and on contemporary German writings.

Keen, Edith. Seven Years at the Prussian Court. Lane, 1917, p. 315, $3. Author was in household of sister of Empress. Reminiscences and court gossip; trivial.

Radziwill, Catherine (Rzewuska) Princess. Germany Under Three Emperors. Funk, 1917. $4. Account of German politics and diplomacy centered around Bismarck and William II; by a close observer.

Topham, Anne. Memories of the Kaiser's Court. Dodd, 1914, p. vii, 308. $3. English teacher of Princess Victoria gives intimate view of Kaiser's family and court since 1902.

24. GERMANY: GOVERNMENT AND CONDITIONS.

Barker, J. Ellis. The Foundations of Germany, a Documentary Account Revealing the Causes of her Strength, Wealth, and Efficiency. Dutton, 1916, p. ix, 280. $2.50. Topical account of German conditions and policies told largely by quotations from Frederick the Great and other German rulers and statesmen since Great Elector.

*Barker, J. Ellis. Modern Germany, her Political and Economic Problems, her Foreign and Domestic Policy, her Ambitions and the Causes of her Success; fifth revised and enlarged edition brought to Jan. 1915. Dutton, 1915, p. xi, 852. $3. Author, native of Cologne, name changed from Eltzbacher by act of parliament, more moderate and reasonable English counterpart of H. S. Chamberlain. Originally written in connection with famous colonial election of Reichstag in 1907, and brought to date in successive editions, has been most notable English work on Germany through the decade. Deals with economic, colonial, and naval bases of German imperialism which he regards as directed against Great Britain, United States, or both.

*Beyens, Eugene, Baron. Germany before the War; translated by Paul V. Cohn. Nelson, 1916, p. 366. $1.50. Former Belgian minister at Berlin describes country and government and events preceding war in which he participated. Severe especially towards the Emperor.

Bourdon, Georges. The German Enigma, being an Inquiry among the Germans as to What They Think, What They Want, What They Can Do, translated by Beatrice Marshall, with Introduction by Charles Sarolea. Dutton, 1914, p. xiii. 357. $1.25. Editor of Paris Figaro toured Germany in 1913 to learn attitude toward France. Found militarism inbred but everyone disclaiming desire for war, notably as against France.

Collier, Price. Germany and the Germans from an American Point of View. Scribner, 1913, p. xii, 498. $1.50. Popular account by shrewd observer, not unfriendly in tone. Author published volume with similar title and character on England in 1911.

Dawson, William Harbutt. The Evolution of Modern Germany. Scribner, 1908, p. xvi, 503. $4. Excellent description of character and conditions, with mass of information, but statistics are all of 1906 or earlier. Author has written various other works on Germany, including Municipal Life and Government in Germany (Longmans, 1914, $3.75).

*Dawson, William Harbutt. What Is Wrong with Germany. Longmans, 1915, p. xii, 227. $1. Confessedly out of tune with his other works which he had hoped would promote better feeling between England and Germany. Based on far more thorough knowledge of growth of ideas and opinion in Germany than shown in most war books. Deals with theory of the state, militarism, imperialism, Weltpolitik, relations of north and south Germany, questions of reform, etc.

**Fife, Robert Herndon, Jr. The German Empire between Two Wars, a Study of the Political and Social Development of the Nation between 1871 and 1914. Macmillan, 1916, p.

xiv, 400. $1.50. Absolutely impartial, sympathetic account and criticism of foreign and domestic affairs, notably good on Alsace-Lorraine, Polish question, education, the press, municipal affairs, and parties. Based on personal observation and wide study; written, in large part, before the

war.

Holmes, Edmond Gore Alexander. The Nemesis of Docility, a Study of German Character. Dutton, 1916, p. vii, 264. $1.75. Style superior to facts and logic.

Howard, Burt Estes. The German Empire. Macmillan, 1906, p. viii, 449. $2. A careful, somewhat legalistic, study of the imperial constitution.

Krüger, Fritz-Konrad. Government and Politics of the German Empire. Yonkers, N. Y., World Book Co., 1915, p. xi, 340. $1.20. Good survey, sympathetic to Germany, written as textbook.

Lichtenberger, Henri. Germany and its Evolution in Modern Times, translated from the French by A. M. Ludovici. Holt, 1913, p. 440. $2.50. By an Alsatian professor at the Sorbonne, published originally in 1907, lacks translator's notes to bring it to date. Emphasizes economic progress and expansion, not militarism as the basic Hohenzollern policy.

McLaren, A. D. Germanism from Within. Dutton, 1916, p. x, 363. $3. Lived in Germany seven years preceding the war as correspondent of an Australian paper, and eight months in a concentration camp. Some of these attempts to analyze German character were written before the war, and all have unusual tone of fairness.

Perris, George Herbert. Germany and the German Emperor. Holt, 1913, 4th edition, 1914, p. xii, 520. $3. Account of modern Germany written to promote better understanding between England and Germany. Chapters on Weltpolitik and other topics are valuable for presenting English views of 1912. Later editions show no change except in preface.

Reich, Emil. Germany's Madness. Dodd, 1914, p. x, 224. $1. Author Hungarian resident in England. First published 1907, also issued with title: Germany's Swelled Head. New edition somewhat condensed and brought to date.

Schierbrand, Wolf von. Germany, the Welding of a World Power. Garden City, Doubleday, 1902, p. vii, 307. $2.40. Cheap reprint at later date. Superficial account by American journalist for American readers. Largely out of date, but of some interest for views of the time.

Smith, Thomas F. A. The Soul of Germany, a Twelve Years' Study of the People from Within, 1902-1914. Doran, 1915, p. xv, 354. $1.25. Author was Englishman on Erlangen faculty. Facts usually accurate, interpretation made in war time, under personal pique at circumstances of his hasty exit from Germany. Unfortunate tendency to emphasize seamy side. Chapters on Treitschke and Nietzsche.

*Veblen, Thorstein. Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution. Macmillan, 1915, p. viii, 324. $1.50. Sociological-historical essay, projected before the war, to study divergent lines of German and English cultural development in modern times, considered due to economic circumstances rather than to national genius or manifest destiny. Thoughtful work in difficult, often ironical, style, by American professor.

Villard, Oswald Garrison. Germany Embattled, an American Interpretation. Scribner, 1915, p. 181. $1. Mainly reprint of articles by American editor familiar with Germany, to explain Germany's case, but shows why American opinion has developed adversely to Germany. Careful, intelligent study

25. GERMANY: POLITICAL THOUGHT. Bernhardi, Friedrich Adam Julius von. Britain as Germany's Vassal, translated by J. Ellis Barker. Doran, 1914, p. 255. $1. Written year after Germany and the Next War to show that Germany's next step toward world domination should be subjugation of England. Appendix contains selections from Kriegsbrauch, the German handbook of law and custom of war.

Bernhardi, Friedrich Adam Julius von. Germany and England. Dillingham, 1915, p. 93. $.50. Partly reply to Cramb's book, partly apologia addressed to American readers. Blames England for the war and naively declares notion of German invasion of America "belongs only to sphere of bar-room discussion."

*Bernhardi, Friedrich Adam Julius von. Germany and the Next War, translated by Allen H. Powles. Longmans, 1913, p. 288. $3. First published in Germany in 1911 as author's reaction from Moroccan crisis of that year. Not the technical, but the political and ethical chapters gave this book its fame as the typical expression of German militarism.

Bernhardi, Friedrich Adam Julius von. How Germany Makes War. Doran, 1914, p. xv, 263. $1.25. Abridgment of On War Today (Dodd, 1914, 2 vols., $5) translated and edited by Hugh Rees. Largely technical, but reveals author's belief in Germany as world power with cultural

mission.

*Bismarck, Otto, Fürst von. Bismarck the Man and the Statesman, being the Reflections and Reminiscences Written and Dictated by Himself after his Retirement from Office, translated from the German under the Supervision of A. J. Butler. Harper, 1899, 2 vols., p. xx, 415; xix, 362. $7.50. Valuable not as record of events, but as exposition of his policies and acts. Second volume on events, 1862-1890, is of great importance on both domestic and foreign affairs.

*Bülow, Bernhard Heinrich Martin Karl, Fürst von. Imperial Germany; with a Foreword by J. W. Headlam; translated by Marie A. Lewenz; new and revised editon. Dodd, 1917, p. xlv, 335. $2. By former German chancellor. Original German edition published in 1913 in volume to commemo rate twenty-fifth anniversary of Kaiser's accession. New German edition published separately in 1916. English edition of original appeared in 1914. Largely rewritten with new parts in brackets, also new chapters on militarism and the Social Democrats, and a new introduction. Early chapters devoted to foreign relations, with some comment on almost every event since 1888. Observations on individual topics are keen; didactic tone, strong nationalist and imperialist patriotism pervade the book. Correlation of ideas and consistency of statement are neglected virtues.

Chamberlain, Houston Stewart. The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century, with an Introduction by Lord Redesdale. Lane, 1910, 2 vols., p. cii, 578; vii, 580. $10. Author born of distinguished English family, married daughter of Richard Wagner, and has long lived in Germany as naturalized citizen. Not history, but a copious conglomerate of facts, an induction into the sacred mystery of Teutonism. Facts not always supported by authorities and logic untrammeled by customary rules. Regards Teutons as great creators and custodians of culture.

Frobenius, Herman Theodor Wilhelm. The German Empire's Hour of Destiny, with preface by Sir Valentine Chirol. McBride. 1914, p. 139. $1. Published early in 1914, predicting the war, based partly on Lea's Day of the Saxon. Made prominent by commendation from the Crown Prince.

*Gauss, Christian. The German Emperor as Shown in his Public Utterances. Scribner, 1915, p. xvi, 329. $1.25.

Schierbrand, Wolf von. The Kaiser's Speeches, forming a Character Portrait of Emperor William II; Translated and Edited with Annotations; based upon a compilation made by A. Oscar Klaussmann. Harper, 1903, p. xxxi, 333. $2.50. Omits part of Klaussmann collection, but adds some other. Speeches are not printed in whole, but under topical arrangement, material from various speeches is brought together. Covers only first fifteen years of reign.

Treitschke, Heinrich Gotthard von. Germany, France, Russia, and Islam, translated into English, with a Foreword by George Haven Putnam. Putnam, 1915, p. xiv, 336. $1.50. Eight essays written between 1871 and 1895; of no great interest.

*Treitschke, Heinrich Gotthard von. Politics, translated from the German by Blanche Dugdale and Torben de Bille, with an Introduction by Arthur James Balfour, and a Foreword by A. Lawrence Lowell. Macmillan, 1916, 2 vols., p. xliv, 406; vi, 643. $7. Lectures, published posthumously in German in 1897-8, grouped under five headings: the nature of the state, the social foundations of the state, varieties of political constitution, the state considered in regard to its influence upon rulers and ruled, and the state considered in relation to international intercourse. The first and last sections contain the more notable pronouncements. He failed to verify his facts, to weigh evidence correctly, and to avoid contradiction, but his brilliance and earnestness carried conviction. There is a convenient volume of Selections, translated by Adam L. Gowans (Philadelphia, Stokes, 1915, $.75).

26. GERMANY: POLITICAL THOUGHT: CRITICISMS. Davis, Henry William Charles. The Political Thought of Heinrich von Treitschke. Scribner, 1915, p. viii, 295. $2. Attempt, by English historical scholar, to trace development of Treitschke's ideas and to analyze them with special reference to his Politics. Rigorous, but not harsh or unfair, criticism.

*Dewey, John. German Philosophy and Politics. Holt, 1915, p. 134. $1.25. Able, readable survey, by American philosopher, of philosophical origins and background, from Kant, Fichte, and Hegel to the war, of current German political ideas.

Figgis, John Neville. The Will to Freedom, or the Gospel of Nietzsche and the Gospel of Christ. Scribner, 1917, p. xviii, 320. $1.25. Excellent analysis and criticism of the philosophy of Nietzsche and estimate of its influence on German thought.

*Guilland, Antoine. Modern Germany and her Historians McBride, 1915, p. 360. $2.25. Author is professor in Swiss Polytechnic School, Zürich. Critical study of political school of historians in Germany in nineteenth century. Written before the war, with excellent style and wide knowledge.

Salter, William Mackintire. Nietzsche the Thinker, a Study. Holt, 1917, p. x, 539. $3.50. Thorough philosophical study nearly completed before the war, with which he does not find Nietzsche specially connected.

Santayana, George. Egotism in German Philosophy. Scribner, 1916. $1.50. Abstract, brilliant, bitter.

Treitschke, his Doctrine of German Destiny and of International Relations. Putnam, 1914, p. xi, 332. $1.50. Contains study of Treitschke and his works by Adolf Hausrath and selections from his writings. Handy introduction to Treitschke and his ideas.

27. GERMANY: ANTHOLOGIES OF OPINION. Archer, William. Gems (?) of German Thought. Garden City, Doubleday, 1917, p. ix, 264. $1.25. Extracts from over eighty sources arranged topically, to show "the dominant characteristics of German mentality."

*Bang, Jacob Peter. Hurrah and Hallelujah, the Teaching of Germany's Poets, Prophets, Professors and Preachers, a Documentation translated from the Danish by Jessie Bröchner, with an introduction by Ralph Connor. Doran, 1917, p. xi, 234. $1. Author is professor in University of Copenhagen. After introductory survey of growth of the new-German spirit" before the war, reviews, with abundant quotations, utterances and publications during the war both by chauvinists and moderates. Effective revelation of obsessions of German thought.

Chapman, John Jay Deutschland über Alles, or Germany Speaks, a Collection of Utterances of Representative Germans: Statesmen, Military Leaders, Scholars and Poets, in Defence of the War Policies of the Fatherland. Putnam, 1914, p. 102. $.75.

Gowans, Adam L. A Month's German Newspapers, being Representative Extracts from those of the Memorable Month of December, 1914. New York, Stokes, 1915, p. vii, 275. $1. Extracts from eight leading papers, whose character is described, dealing especially with events on the west front and relations with England.

Smith, Thomas F. A. What Germany Thinks; the War as Germans See It. Doran, 1915, p. 336. $1.25. German utterances during first year of war, topically arranged. Seems to reveal solidarity of German opinion, though other currents of thought may be overlooked.

28. GERMANY: WELTPOLITIK.

*Hurd, Archibald S., and Castle, Henry. German Sea Power, its Rise, Progress, and Economic Basis. Scribner, 1913, p. xv, 388. $3.25. Intelligent, though not friendly, English account of German naval policy. Hurd has written much else on naval and diplomatic questions of the war and the years immediately preceding.

Lewin, Percy Evans. The German Road to the East, an Account of the Drang nach Osten and of Teutonic Aims in the Near and Middle East. Doran, 1917, p. 340. $2.50. Based not on personal observation but on thorough study of the literature of the subject.

Mach, Edmund Robert Otto von. Germany's Point of View. Chicago, McClurg, 1915. $1.50. Well written attempt to state Germany's case, especially against England, and to give German side of Belgian and other matters. Belongs to Münsterberg school of German propaganda in America.

Mach, Edmund Robert Otto von. What Germany Wants. Boston, Little, 1914. $1. Clear, moderate explanation of German ideals, problems, and policies to persuade Americans that Germany should not be judged by Bernhardi.

*Prothero, George Walter. German Policy Before the War. Dutton, 1916, p. viii, 111. $1. Outlines with clearness and vigor but not entirely dispassionately, development of German thought and policy leading to the war. By well known English historian. *Rohrbach, Paul. Germany's Isolation, an Exposition of the Economic Causes of the War; translated by Paul H. Phillipson. Chicago, McClurg, 1915, p. xvii, 186. $1. Translation of Der Krieg und die Deutsche Politik (1914). Six chapters written before the war deal with Anglo-German war exonerates rivalry. Final chapter on outbreak of Germany. Chapter on Salient Ideas of German Foreign Policy is remarkable, if printed as written before the war.