Selected statistics on population and labor force of the United States, industrial and occupational distribution of the labor force, potential manpower resources, and other pertinent subjects.

Manpower Planning for the Emergency. Washington, Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., 1951. 25 pp. (Personnel Policies Forum Survey No. 1.) $1. Manpower Utilization: Selected References on Manpower Problems, with Notes. Ithaca, N. Y., Cornell University, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, December 1950. 17 pp.; processed. Maximum Utilization of Employed Manpower-A Check List of Company Practice. Princeton, N. J., Princeton University, Industrial Relations Section, 1951. 52 pp., bibliography. (Research Report Series, No. 83; revision of Research Report No. 68.) $1.

Manpower Problems, Vocational Training, and Employment Service, [Near and Middle East]. Geneva, International Labor Office, 1951. 46 pp. 25 cents. Distributed in United States by Washington Branch of ILO.

Report I prepared for ILO Regional Conference for the Near and Middle East, Teheran, April 1951.

Medical Care and Sickness Insurance

Economic Aspects of Hospital Care. By Herbert E. Klarman. (In Journal of Business of the University of Chicago, January 1951, pp. 1–24. $1.75.)

Medical Care for Americans. Edited by Franz Goldmann,

M.D., and Hugh R. Leavell, M.D. (In Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 273, Philadelphia, January 1951, pp. 1-200. Paper, $2 to nonmembers, $1 to members of Academy.) Symposium of articles dealing with fundamental phases and considerations for effective programming of medical care in the United States. Under medical-care insurance are discussed: (1) Trends in voluntary plans; (2) movements for compulsory health insurance, 1910-50; (3) experience and position of organized labor as to problems of medical care; and social security aspects. Other sections deal with prerequisites for effective organization of medical care; organizational methods; special groups served by public medical care; and specialized or specialneed programs, in which are included the worker in industry, the rural population, and minority groups. Temporary Disability Benefits. By Morris Sackman. (In American Federationist, Federationist, Washington,

December

1950, pp. 23-26. 20 cents.) Comparison of salient administrative provisions of sickness-insurance laws of Rhode Island, California, New Jersey, and New York.

United States Civil Defense: Health Services and Special Weapons Defense. Washington, Federal Civil Defense Administration, 1950. 260 pp., bibliography, charts, forms. (Pub. AG-11-1.) 60 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.

Outlines functional responsibilities and presents a pro

gram for civil-defense health services in case of atomic, biological, or chemical attack. A special program for industrial health services is also outlined. Various specific hazards are discussed.

Migration and Migrants

American Immigration Policy—A Reappraisal. Edited by William S. Bernard and others. New York, Harper & Brothers, 1950. xx, 341 pp., bibliography, charts. $4.

American immigration policy is described in its historical setting, and its operation and effects are analyzed. A more liberal policy is urged, particularly to give greater flexibility to the quota system, to make use of occupational criteria as an auxiliary method of selecting immigrants, and to grant quotas to peoples now excluded. An immigration commission is proposed for the study of "a democratic alternative to the national origins and quota system."

The Puerto Rican Journey: New York's Newest Migrants. By C. Wright Mills, Clarence Senior, Rose Kohn Goldsen. New York, Harper & Brothers, 1950. 238 pp. (Publication of Bureau of Applied Social Research, Columbia University.) $3.

A study of Puerto Rican migration to New York City and of the migrants in their new environment. The account is based upon a study begun in September 1947, described by the authors as having nine major phases, including a detailed questionnaire procedure for obtaining sample household data by interviews.

Productivity

Productivity in the Beet Sugar Industry, 1939–49. Washington, U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1951. 7 pp.; processed. Free. Another recent report in this series for 1939-49 covers clay construction products.

Man-Hours Expended per Car, Railroad Freight Cars, 1939-48. Washington, U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1950. 23 pp., charts; processed. Free.

Trends in Man-Hours Expended per Unit, Selected Types of Machine Tools, 1948-49. Washington, U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1951. 19 pp., charts; processed. Free.

Social Security

Social Security Act Amendments of 1950: A Summary and Legislative History. By Wilbur J. Cohen and Robert J. Myers. (In Social Security Bulletin, Federal Security Agency, Social Security Administration, Washington, October 1950, pp. 3–14, chart. 20 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.)

Changing Trends Under Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, 1935-1950. By Jacob Perlman. (In Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Ithaca, N. Y., January 1951, pp. 173-186; also reprinted.)

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance: Coverage Under the 1950 Amendments. By George J. Leibowitz. Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled. By Phyllis Hill. (In Social Security Bulletin, Federal Security Agency, Social Security Administration, Washington, December 1950, pp. 3-10, 21; 11-15. 20 cents, Superintendent of Documents, Washington.)

The two articles listed immediately above analyze and clarify significant changes made in two major programs by the 1950 revision of the Federal Social Security Act.

The Social Welfare Forum, 1950: Official Proceedings, 77th Annual Meeting, National Conference of Social Work, Atlantic City, N. J., April 23-28, 1950. New York, Columbia University Press (for National Conference of Social Work), 1950. xvii, 344 pp. $4.75. Includes papers on The Economic Situation and its Effects on Social Welfare Services, Implications of an Expanded Social Insurance Program, and The Quest for Economic Security-Whose Responsibility? The latter article presents points of view of management and labor, and on the Government's role.

Institut d'Assurances Sociales d'Haïti-Guide Pratique. [Port-au-Prince], Département du Travail, 1950. 29 pp., illus.

First Report of the Department of Social Welfare, [Republic of Ireland]. Dublin, 1950. 228 pp. and inserts, illus. 5s.

In addition to a report on the department's activities from 1947 to 1949, the volume contains outlines of the historical background and development of the social welfare schemes administered by the department, accompanied by statistics and relevant legislation.

Social Insurance in Rumania. By Frantisek Cerny. (In Bulletin of the International Social Security Association, Geneva, August-September 1950, pp. 1-10.) Social Security, [Near and Middle East]. Geneva, International Labor Office, 1950. 69 pp. 50 cents. Distributed in United States by Washington Branch of ILO.

Report III prepared for ILO Regional Conference for the Near and Middle East, Teheran, April 1951.

Wages and Hours of Labor

Wage Trends, 1939-1949. Washington, U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, [1951]. 9 pp., chart; processed. (Wage Movements Series, No. 3.) Free.

Wage Chronology No. 11: Aluminum Co. of America, 1939-50. Washington, U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1951. 5 pp. (Serial No. R. 2015; reprinted from Monthly Labor Review, December 1950.) Free.

Fertilizer, 1949 and 1950. Washington, U. S. Depart

ment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1951. 35 pp., charts. (Wage Structure Series 2, No. 77.) Free.

A Survey of Connecticut Laundry Occupations—Wages, Hours and Conditions of Employment, December 1949. Hartford, Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, [1950?]. 31 pp.; processed.

A similar report is available for cleaning and dyeing occupations in Connecticut.

The Changing Status of Teachers under the New York State Salary Law, 1947 to 1950. By Dwight E. Beecher. Albany, University of the State of New York, 1950. 39 pp., charts. (Bull. No. 1390.)

Oregon Teachers and Administrators Salaries for 1950–51. Portland, Oregon Education Association, 1951. 15 pp.; processed. (O. E. A. Research Bull., Vol. X, No. 2.) Employment, Hours Worked, Wages, 1940-1949 in the Printing Industry of Montreal and District. Montreal, Printing Industry Parity Committee, 1950. 46 pp., charts. (Serial No. PE-11.)

Readings in Labor Economics and Industrial Relations. Edited by Joseph Shister. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1951. 661 pp. $4.75.

A wide range of selections from writings of specialists, for use primarily in college courses. Most of the volume is devoted to unions and collective bargaining, but several papers deal with employment and unemployment, income, and social security.

Industrial Sociology: An Introduction to the Sociology of Work Relations. By Delbert C. Miller and William H. Form. New York, Harper & Brothers, 1951. 896 pp., bibliographies, charts. $6.

The term "industrial" is given its broader meaning; the study is not limited to factories. A background section describes and criticizes the major contributions to the subject, notably the work of the Elton Mayo group. The second part of the book, on the social organization of the work plant, gives attention to the "informal organization of labor" as well as to formal organizations of management and workers. The third section discusses placement of workers and relation of teamwork to industrial morale. Part four is concerned with the social

adjustment of workers from preparation for a job to retirement. The volume concludes with a consideration of industry in some of its larger community and social aspects.

Introduction to the Total Theory of Labor-New Positive Foundation of Economics. By Alexander Kokkalis. Concord, N. H. (P. O. Box 175), the Author, 1950. 232 pp.

The Social Costs of Private Enterprise. By K. William Kapp. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1950. 287 pp. $4.50.

The author states that many important costs of production are not included in the accounting systems or entrepreneurial costs of business enterprises. His study is a general and as far as possible quantitative analysis of these costs. Among them are the costs of industrial injuries, occupational diseases, air pollution, water pollution, premature depletion of various resources, and unemployment. These and various other costs are described as social costs borne by the community. The author argues that failure to take account of these costs in accounting systems invalidates traditional value and price analysis. He suggests the need for a fundamental revision of both economic theory and public policy to take account of these social costs.

Handbook of Human Engineering Data for Design Engineers. Medford, Mass., Tufts College, Institute for Applied Experimental Psychology, 1949. Variously paged, bibliographies, charts. $5.

Deals with quantitative measurements of human capabilities and limitations and their application to machine design. Among fields considered are vision, hearing, motor responses, physiological conditions as determinants of efficiency, and aptitude testing.

Radiation Monitoring in Atomic Defense. By Dwight E.

Gray and John H. Martens. New York, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 1951. 122 pp., bibliography, diagrams, illus. $2.

Popular manual for laymen as well as for persons

Compendium on development and scientific aspects of atomic energy, prepared under the auspices of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. Contains a chapter on radiation hazards and protective measures. Economic Development in Latin America: An Introduction to the Economic Problems of Latin America. By Simon G. Hanson. Washington, Inter-American Affairs Press, 1951. 531 pp., bibliographies, maps, chart. $7.

Includes a chapter on labor and social legislation and labor organization.

Rural Cuba. By Lowry Nelson. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1950. 285 pp., bibliography, charts. $3.50.

By R. P.

Based on a year's study, in 1945-46, by the author as a rural sociologist in the U. S. Department of State. Social stratification, level of living, education, and farming systems are among the chapter subjects. Incentives and Management in British Industry. Lynton. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, Ltd., 1949. 212 pp., bibliography. 15s. net. Considers the need for new approaches to the question of individual worker efficiency, and analyzes the efficacy of various types of incentives. The book is based in part on the writer's experience as a machine operator and in part on a broad study of literature and of management experience in British industry.

The author is critical of uniform standards set by legislation or by industry-wide labor-management agreements, as interfering with managerial initiative in stimulating productivity. He urges managements to be more resourceful and experimental in exercising the wide latitude remaining to them.