American Church History

A HISTORY

OF

THE DISCIPLES OF CHRIST

THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS

THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST

AND

THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION

BY

B. B. TYLER, D. D.
PROFESSOR A. C. THOMAS, M. A.
R. H. THOMAS, M. D.
D. BERGER, D. D.

AND

REV. S. P. SPRENG

AND

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN CHURCH

HISTORY

BY

SAMUEL MACAULEY JACKSON, D D.,.LL. D.

New York
Charles Scribner's Sons

MDCCCC

CONTENTS.

THE DISCIPLES.

PAGE

CHAP. I. INTRODUCTION: THE MORAL AND SPIRITUAL CONDI-

TION OF THE PEOPLE.-Testimony of General Assembly.-Effect

of Revolutionary War.-Testimony of Dr. Armitage. -Material

Condition of the People

CHAP. II. THE GREAT REVIVAL.—Origin of Revival.-Cane Ridge.

-Immediate Results. Evangelizing Agencies. Increase in

Church-membership

CHAP. III.-CONTENTION AND DIVISION.-Doctrinal Controversy.-

Organization of the Springfield Presbytery.—The Last Will and

Testament. Similar Movements.-Success of Stone's Work.-Im-

mersion Introduced....

CHAP. IV.-PREPARATORY EVENTS IN

EUROPE.-Conversion of

I

IO

22

44

Thomas Campbell.-John Wesley's Work.-Burghers and Anti-

Burghers.-Alexander Campbell as a Reformer.-The Haldanes. 34

CHAP. V. THE CAMPBELLS IN AMERICA.-The Heresy Trial.-

Thomas Campbell's Defense.-Propositions of the Christian Asso-

ciation. The Practical Question.

CHAP. VI.-CONNECTION WITH THE BAPTISTS.-Peace Desired.-

The Question of Baptism.-The Nature of Faith.-Position of the

Brush Run Church.-Sermon on the Law.-Circular Letter.-Dis-

solution of Mahoning Association...

CHAP. VII.-THE PROBLEM OF CHRISTIAN UNION.-Reformers

and Christians.-The Language of Inspiration.—An Agreement

Reached. The Problem of Union.-Proposition of the Bishops.—

Reply to the Proposition.-The Proposition Hailed with Gladness.

-The Basis of Union.-Christian Fellowship.-Practical Ques-

tions. Willing to Confer.-Desire for Union.-Plans Proposed.—

The True Basis

CHAP. VIII.-The Creed QUESTION.-Articles of Belief.-Statement

of Faith.-The Bible Only.-Divine Test of Orthodoxy.-The
Authority of Christ.—Creeds and Spiritual Development.―Heretics

57

72

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in the Apostolic Church.-Denominationalism Temporary.—Some
Peculiarities.-The Work of the Holy Spirit.—The Church.—Bap-
tism and Forgiveness

CHAP. IX.-LITERATURE AND EDUCATION.-Polemic Period.-Con.

troversy Defended.-The Belligerent Era.-Change of Style.—

Robert Owen's Challenge.-Campbell and Purcell.-The New

Testament Translated.-Books of Sermons.-Periodicals.-The

Higher Education.-Colleges.-Universities.-Negro Education.. 127

CHAP. X.-MISSIONS.-Missionary Organizations.-Work in Europe

and Asia.-Woman's Board of Missions.

155

THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS.

INTRODUCTION: ORGANIZATION

CHAP. I.-BEGINNINGS IN ENGLAND.-George Fox.-Early Mis-

sionaries.-Margaret Fell." The Inner Light."-Women as

Preachers

CHAP. II.-DISCIPLINE AND DOCTRINE.-John Perrot.-Meetings

for Discipline. Declaration of Faith, 1693.-The Holy Scriptures.

-Sufferings of Friends

CHAP. III.-EARLY YEARS IN AMERICA.-Persecution in Massachu-

setts. The Friends in Rhode Island.-Dispute with Roger Will-

iams. The Friends in New Netherlands.-George Fox on Long

Island. The Friends in Virginia.-The Friends in Maryland.—

The Friends in New Jersey.-The Friends in the Carolinas.-

Pennsylvania.-The Keith Schism......

CHAP. IV. THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.-The Discipline.-Middle

Ages of Quakerism.—Treatment of the Indians.—Early Friends

and Slavery.-Emancipation of Slaves.-Friends and the Revolu-

tion

CHAP. V.-DIVISIONS DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.-Elias

Hicks.-Orthodox Party.-Elias Hicks and the Elders.-Yearly

Meeting of 1827.-The Separation of 1827.-The Separation of

1827-28.-Joseph John Gurney.-J. J. Gurney and J. Wilbur.-

Wilburite Separations.-The Wilburites.

CHAP. VI. PERIOD OF REORGANIZATION-FURTHEr Progress.-

Lucretia Mott.-Educational Institutions.-The Hicksite Body.—

The Orthodox.-Friends and Slavery.-John Greenleaf Whittier.

-The Civil War.-Friends and the Indians.-The Modocs.-

Philanthropic Efforts.-Haverford College..

173

183

196

206

235

248

273

CHAP. VII.-LATER YEARS.-Causes of Declension.-Reawakening.

-Conference of 1887.-Conference of 1892.-Foreign Missions... 297

CONTENTS.

vii

THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST.

CHAP. I. INTRODUCTORY PERIOD, 1752-1774.-Otterbein's Early

Years. Otterbein at Lancaster.-Otterbein at York. -Otterbein

and Boehm....

CHAP. II.-SECOND PERIOD, 1774-1789.-Otterbein in Baltimore.

-Spiritual Destitution.-Rules for Otterbein's Church.-Martin

Boehm.-Geeting and Newcomer.-Otterbein and Asbury.

CHAP. III.-THIRD PERIOD, 1789-1815.-Conference of 1789. —

Confession of 1789.-Conference of 1791.-First General Confer-

ence. -Transition from German to English

CHAP. IV.-DOCTRINE AND POLITY.-Present Confession of Faith.

-Constitution.-Episcopacy.—The Ministry.-Attitude on Moral

PAGE

317

328

345

356

Reforms

CHAP. V.-FOURTH PERIOD, 1815-1894-GROWTH AND Develop-

MENT. The Missionary Work.-The Educational Work.-Catho-

licity.

CHAP. VI. CONCLUSION-RECENT HISTORY.

370

377

THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION.

CHAP. I.-Origin of THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION.-The Palat-

inate.-Illuminism.-Birth of Albright.-Albright's Conversion.

-Beginning of Albright's Ministry..

CHAP. II.-ECCLESIASTICAL ORGANIZATION.-The First Council. -

Apostolic Succession.-George Miller's Conversion.-First Annual

Conference.-Death of Albright.-Dreisbach and Asbury....

CHAP. III.—Leaders of the CHURCH.-John Seybert.-Death of

Seybert. The Fathers of the Church

385

397

411

CHAP. IV.-HISTORY OF LEGISLATION.-Christian Perfection.-The

General Conference.-The Bishops.

419

CHAP. V.-INSTITUTIONS AND CLOSING OBSERVATIONS.-The Mis-

sion Work. The Publishing House.-A Secession.-The Division.

Spiritual Worship ...

427

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AMERICAN CHURCH HISTORY, 1820-1893..... 441