PAGE PAGE 18 Currency inflation-farmers the great I. 86 International Coinage..........46, 260 France... 8: Iron and Steel, their manufacture... 248 ....180, 269 821 Journal Banking Currency and Fi. nance.....79, 189, 237, 319, 899, 47) L. 166 Labor Congress at Home and Abroad 292 106 Lake Superior Copper Mines.... 146 404 210 296 Loans and Discounts Rates Weekly 808 74, 149, 282, 815, 894, 468 810 Louisville and Nashville Railroads.. 425 811 Louisville, Cincinnati and Lexiogton Railroads... 285 M. Milwaukee and St. Paul and Milwau- keo and Prairie du Chien Railroad. 26 72 310 464 94 26-, 874 Money Market and Factitious icter- ference with..... 344 154 National Foard of Trade ... 40 National Bank returns of each State for July .139-89 National Bank reserves. ..212, 430 265 New York Central Stock Dividends. 207 267 New Hampshire, Deot and finances if.. 295 New Orle os Cotton Statement. 39 Railroad 392 409 division of. lu2 406 0. .... 147, 23 2 5 P. Pacific Railroad of Missouri...... 196 Pacitic Railroads and Railroad Pre- 221 365 412 142 N. on...... PAGE the ... ...... 216 PAGE Britain and United States..... 230 South, commercial recuperation in 289 .272, 357 279 362 94 241 .78, 142 160, 232, 816, 893, 468 91 218 213 Steel and iron, their manufacture 248 T. Telegraph and commerce 106 Trade, depression of 128 Trade of Great Britain and the Uni- ted States ......147, 223, 380 311 288 Transportation between seaboard and 335 Treasury report in full. 483 Tre sury report, comments upon... 420 347 U. 267 Trade of....... .147,2 3, 885 812, 391, 432 168 311 168 V. 202 807 Virginia-Navigation from the Ohio to Chesapeake Bay .......108, 161 165 W. 303 ERBATA.- In the November number pages 241 to 284 should be 341, &c. In the ON THE TRADE WITH THE COLORED RACES OF AFRICA. * I propose to take a general survey of the commerce between the colored or Ethiopic races of Africa and the civilized world; and then briefly to consider the means by which that commerce, hitherto confined to the coast, can be extended to the interior. The Ethiopic races inhabit that vast country south of the great desert, which may with tolerable accuracy be defined by a line drawn from the River Senegal to Cape Guardafui as its northern boundary; while its southern limit is the Cape Colony. It thus comprises about forty-five degrees of latitude, and is bounded, east and west, by the Indian and Atlantic Oceans; its area being equal to one-fifth or one-sixth part of the habitable globe. Apart from any question of inherent inferiority of race, it is obvious that the country occupied by the Ethiopians is not calculated to engender civilization. It lies in too compact a mass, unbroken by bays or inlets; por do the rivers afford either defensive frontiers or the means of commu * Read before the Statistical Society of London by Archibald Hamilton, Esq. same cause. nication and transport equal to those which divide and traverse the other divisions of the globe. The great desert cuts it of from the ancient civil. ization of which the Mediterranean was the centre, while the intercourse subsequently established by the Arabs, is limited and impeded by the The rivers are all subject to a dıy seascn, which renders them during a part of the year unfit for inland navigation ; and they are all more or less interrupted by rapids and cataracts; though it is true equal obstacles have not bindered the St. Lawrence from becoming the great means in the settlement of Canada. There are two circumstances which give reason to hope, not only that our commerce with the races dwelling on the coast will be rapidly enlarged, but also be extended inwards. I mean the almost total stoppage of the Christian or transatlantic slave trade, and the rapid strides which have of late been made in the exploration of the continent. In 1854 Livingstone penetrated from the Cape Colony to Loanda, and thence he crossed to Quillimane, tracing the course of the Zambesi on his way. Subsequently be explored Lake Nyanza, and it has recently been a public consolation to learn that he is now on his way home, most likely down the Nile, to complete our knowledge of Lake Tanganyika, first discovered by Burton. Barth has supplemented the labors of Denham and Clapperton in Central Africa, between the Niger and Lake Tchad, most hopeful and important district of all. Speke and Grant advancing, northwards from Zanzibar, have discovered Lake Victoria Nyanza; while Baker, coming in the opposite direction from Egypt, has terminated the long mystery as to the source of the Nile, having beheld it issuing from the great lake Albert Nyanza. Brilliant as have been the results of these explorations, and others of lesser note, the field of adventure is far from exhausted; much remains for discovery before the map of Africa can be filled up, and the future highways of commerce be traced out. Happily, however, the spirit and enterprise of our countrymen are more likely to be stimulated than diminished by the exploits of the celebrated travelers to whom I have alluded. There is one subject which occupies a large space in every book of African travel-the slave trade. I do not intend to enter into any details of the horrors attending that traffic; but as human beings have for three centuries been one of the chief exports from Africa, this subject is inseparably mixed up with that of legitimate commerce; because of the anarchy which the slave trade everywhere creates, the ceaseless kidnapping—slave huntsmand wars undertaken expressly to obtain captives, to the destruction of settled industry. It is even the principal cause of the difficulties experienced in exploring the country; and has, moreover, brutalised the natives on the coast far be!ow the condition of the people in the interior the |
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