your correfpondents, who will give me an account where to fearch for the Terrier, or Original Settlement, of the Glebe Lands of a Rectory; the First Fruits and Augmentation Offices, the Regiftry of the B:fhop of the Diocese and Dean and Chapter, not always affording the intelligence required. To your correfpondent who enquires after a remedy for corns, give me leave to recommend the following, which pleafing experience has convinced me is effectual: Take a clove of garlick, wrap it in paper, and cover it with hot athes till it becomes foft; apply it, as warm as you can fuffer it, to the corn. A few repetitions will perfect a cure. It can scarce be neceffary to add, that the garlick must be bound on the part affected.. Yours, &c. Manchester, Jan. 6. HERE fend you a fac- fimile drawing (fig. 3) of one of the ten flat roundels, I made of very thin pieces of beech wood, which exactly fill an old round box in the poffeffion of Charles Chadwick, eiq. of Mavelyn-Ridware, in Staffordshire. There is a couplet of rhymes in the center of each, which I have copied faithfully. The ornaments of all are a good deal fimilar; and, by the form of the letters, and the ftyle, perhaps they may be thought to be as old as the time of Henry VII. or VIII. I hope fome of your correspondents will tell us their use, and whether we are to rank them in the fame clafs of amafements with our modern converfation-cards. Yours, &c. THO. BARRITT. 1. A woman that ps wilfull is a plage of the work, As good lyve in hell as with a wyffe that is curfte. 2. Wittes are molte wylly where wemen have wyttes, And curtilly comethe upon them by fittes. 3. In frinds ther ps flattery in men lyttell truff Thoughe fayre then proffets they be offten unjufte. To trufte no fuche flatteres as will jere in thy face. s a dybell in the Kyttchie, and an ape in her bedde. 9. Pake cute a fhrowe that will fearve you a choille ith a read heade a fharpe noffe and a thrille voyce. 10. Cholle oute a mate that will fearve you a cholle, With a rede heade a tharpe nolle and a thrill voyce. Mr. You Mr. URBAN, Kendal, March 20. OUR Querift, p. 100, fhould be informed, that the ficaria verna, in the second edition of Hudfon's Flora, is the pilewort, or the ranunculus ficaria Lin. Read in vol. LXII. p. 1198, Mercurialis perennis mas; and, Feb. 6th, galanthus nivalis, not 26th. The Acllaria nemorum is characterized by Hudfon, vol. I. p. 190, but is not fo common as he reprefents it to be in the North. The primula veris is the cowflip; the primrofe and oxlip are two varieties of the primula vulgaris, accor ding to Hudfon, though later writers confound the three. The fong of the water-ouzel feems to have efcaped the notice of our best naturalifts; indeed, it is heard at a feafon when leaf to be expected, commencing about the latter end of October, at which time thefe birds leave the fteep banks of our rapid brooks, and repair to fhallower parts of the river in queft of the fpawn of the trout, which they devour in large quantities. Is not this a proof of what is advanced by the Hon. Daines Barrington, that birds only fing when invigorated with plenty of their favourite food? If the mufick of the feathered tribe be gained by imitating the parent-cock, why do not young cuckoos copy the notes of the hedgefparrows, wagtail, or titlark, rather than learn the varied call common to their kind? But, as the opinion alluded to above is probably true, do they acquire it in diftant countries after migration, or in the following Spring after their return? The old buds become filent towards the end of June, when the young ones fhould hear them. The migration of the hen chaffinch is undoubtedly irregular in England, though the phænomenon appears to be conftaut in Sweden. Other cafes occur where migrations that are regular in one country are uncertain in another: for example, the wild fwan comes conftantly to the Weltern ifles in October, and continues there till March; but its vifits to the lakes in the North of Eng land are accidental. On the contrary, the white wagtail stays with us through the winter, excepting hard froft, when it and the fky-lark retire, probably to the fea soaft; but the yellow wagtail leaves us in November, and returns in March. If any curious perfon in the South would obferve the manners of this bird in winter, he would perhaps difcover an accidental migration, like that in the former fpecies, which might explain the reafon of its leaving this part of the nation fo uniformly. I do not fuppofe it removes hence on account of cold weather, as, perhaps, the frosts are feverer in more Southern fituations; but the continuance of winter is commonly longer with us, and the rains of that inclement feafon are at times exceffive. The above account of the white wagtail differs from that given in the British Zoology, where it is faid to migrate from the North of England, on the authority of Mr. Willughby; but the truth is, that the migration in question is merely accidental, and probably to no great diftance; because the bird appears and difappears alternately in the space of a few days, with the changes of the weather. Are cream-coloured meles. natives of the champaign parts of England? They are often found in the North. Yours, &c. J. G. Mr. URBAN, Gloucestershire, Sept. 5. SIN fert the former of Mrs. Barrow's Letters on Mrs. Bovey's death in your valuable Mifcellany of antient record, I hereby forward the fecond I find in the poffeffion of Yours, &c. C. H. Mrs. BARROW to Mrs. WINSTONE, on the Death of Mrs. BOVEY of Flaxley Abbey *, Glocestershire. DEAR MADAM, "YOUR kind concern for our late troubles and inexpreffible lofs, I conclude, render my letters acceptable, dull as they are; and I alfo think, I promifed you one by this opportunity. We daily lament our departed friend, and hourly mifs her, ftill more fo that my fifter + is haftening away as faft as the can to deliver up this agreeable place to the Crawley family, who come into great plenty; fo generous a predeceffor fure never was an inftance of like this. After all the has done for the benefit of the estate and place, it, of every kind, within and without, her fhe has given Mr. Crawley all the stock upon fine mares, coaches, and all that's here, and five hundred pounds in cafh befides, plate and linen only excepted. Eighteen hundred pounds is given to this church and poor; charities in other places more than I can remember; and legacies too out of number, of which Mrs. Blount has a large fhare. Her will was moft exactly written in her own hand, and figned in March last, in which The feat of Sir Thomas Crawley, Bart. Mrs. Pope, who lived with Mrs. Bovey, aunt to Sir Charles Barrow, to whom the left her fortune, late member for Gloster. The she has most kindly thought on me, by one hundred pounes legacy, a favour I had no reafon to expect after receiving fo many in her life-time: the Is of fuch a friend admits of no allay, day that which ought to filence all our complaints, that it was God's will who gave us fuch a bleffing, and best knew when to recall it. "If the weather will permit, I go to Glofter this week, in order to get ready to go with my fifter to London: 1 fhall be glad to hear from you, by the poft, at Glofter any day next week; for, if pollible, we shall begin our journey the week after. I think I told you my fifter Pope was left executrix, which will oblige her to be at the houfe in London for this year. I had pleafed myself with the thoughts of feeing you this fpring at Bristol; but Providence has determined otherways for me. At prefent, God knows if we fhall ever meet again: this I am fure of, that my prayers and good wifhes will ever attend you, and to hear of your welfare will always give me pleasure. I believe my fifter will let me have Bett to town in a little time, but at prefent I fhall leave her at Glofter. I long to fee her. Ferhaps this may find you at Bath. I fhall be glad to hear Mrs. Selwyn is well, and how Lady Hewett likes the chaplain; I heard he was to be there. Sure, I think, 'tis impoffible he should get the afcendant over her judgement too. My repeated good wishes to Mr. Winftone and yourself conclude, dear Madam, your most faithful and affectionate friend, "MAR. BARROW. P. S. I had almoft forgot to tell you of one great action of our departed friend amongst her god-daughters. She has diftinguished my niece Bett by a two-hundred-pound legacy. Poor Mifs Blount is truly afflicted, and very justly reflects on the lofs of fuch a friend. I have fent a glass of fweetmeats, which my fifter defires your acceptance of; and have put a small remains of dear Mrs. Bovey's carving, which, I believe, you will value for her fake. The fweet-hag is filled with what the had collected from her own garden, and, I fancy, will please the fmell. I believe you will put a glass over this bunch of carving, for dult will spoil it ; it is fome that was left of her frame, and I have put it in this form as the best I could think of. M. B." Mr. URBAN, May 1. publication is fo extenfively diffufed, may perhaps fall into the hands of fome gentlemen of that county, and may thereby communicate to the inhabitants the mention of the following improvements, which, I think, might be of advantage to the county. I fuppofe the low valleys are duly cultivated. The author informs us, that "the declivities are fo fteep, that the farmers, in ploughing, are obliged to make the furrow across the declivities, which direction is attended with the inconveniency of lodging water between them." In fuch a cafe, Mr. Tull advifes to make the furrows in a diagonal direction, whereby each furrow proves a drain to the ridge below it; and thus the whole furface is kept dry. The author obferves, that "the milder region of their mountains is frequently overfpread with mits, arifing from the humidity of the foil." The declivities of mountains are generally full of fprings. The water of thefe fprings being often prevented from breaking out by the roots of strong and coarfe grafs, it flows under them, and thereby forms fwamps. If a free courfe were made for the water, by opening the fwamp to the head of the fprings, the ground would become folid: a free channel fhould at the fame time be made for the water to flow till it arrives at a rivulet which runs clear. The land being thus cleared of fagnant, or flow-running, water, fine, tender, and fweet grafs would fpring up, inftead of the former ftrong and coarfe grafs. This would more efpecially hap pen if there was any mineral taint in the water. The water having thus a free courfe, it would be lefs apt to rife in vapours, and the air would, by the above method of preventing the ftagnant water in the arable land, be by thefe means rendered drier, and in a confiderable degree prevented. The author farther obferves, "that the tops of their mountains are bare of any herbage." If the inhabitants were fo wife as to take a leffon from the mountains of Switzerland, and along the Eaft fide of the Adriatic, they might HAVING lately read a defe, pure be taught the advantage of covering account of Carmarthenshire, I was forry to discover that the inhabitants feem to be yet unacquainted with the improvements made in fome other parts of the kingdom. I therefore trouble you with fome hints, which, as your * Sifter to Sir Charles Barrow. larch. The inhabitants of Switzerland their barren places with plantations of ufe the larch in all their domeftic ufes, fufceptible of fire of any wood; and as being of a fine grain, and the leaft they conftantly ufe it in all out-of-door work, as being the most durable of any timber, even than oak. It is peculiarly ufeful ufeful as fhingles to cover the houses; for, the heat of the fun draws out their turpentine juice in fuch quantity as, in a manner, glues the pieces together, and thereby prevents the rain entering between them. Venice not only ftands on piles of larch, but is chiefly built of it. Before Peter the Great brought the trade of the Ruffians to the Baltic by building St. Petersburg, all their fhips were made of larch, even their capital line-of-battle fhips; for it is found to be more durable in water than other timber, and arrives at its due frength in half the time that oak does. In fuch lofty fituations plantations of larch may be easily preferved from theep, which are very fond of its tender fhoots; and the late Archibald duke of Argyle found that birch was the best nurfe for reating other trees, especially preferving them from the harp air of the fea; and when the larch had attained height and ftrength enough to withstand frong winds, which are apt to break off its tender fhoots, the birch may be cut down and burnt for making pot-afh. Yours, &c. Mr. URBAN, AGRICOLA. April 19. I DO moft cordially join with your excellent and truly patriotic correfpondent Simplicius, in p. 34, that it is highly improper to reprefent the prefent condition of labourers as wretched. As far as the fphere of my observation reaches, I have found the contrary to be the cafe. Adam Smith, whom no one will fufpect of being prejudiced in favour of any eftablished lyttem, must conVince every perfon who reads his Wealth of Nations, b. 1. chap. 8. p. 111. &c. of the 8vo edition, how comfortable the firuation of an induftrious labourer is; and how infallibly the price of labour will keep pace with the price of provifions and the demand for hands. That his reafoning is found, the late increase in the wages of daylabourers, owing no doubt to the num ber of perfons employed, and the tuperior wages given, in manufactures, does moft abundanly evince. Your correfpondent's obfervation on the clamour about the window tax may ferve to fhew how groundlefs the other topics of complaint are; and to induce us not too hastily to credit every rumour of oppreffion and hardship which is related. There is another fubject to which 1 with your correfpondent would direct GENT. MAG. May, 1793. his attention. Several of our periodi cal publications have of late abounded with effays written to prove the fuperior felicity of American farmers, and to recommend our husbandmen to quit their native plains, and feek for hap pinefs and plenty in the Transatlantic defarts. When I fee these difcourfes fubfcribed, as many of them are, with the names of American gentlemen, I am not furprized at their tendency, and can only lament that it is not in the power of our governors to reftrain the circulation of such pernicious doctrines. No doubt, it is very natural, and very laudable, for natives and inhabitants of America to ufe every means in their power to increase the profperity of their country; and certainly this cannot be more effe&tually done than by peopling their widely-extended tracts with our fkilful and induftrious farmers. But how a gentleman of property in this his native country, of which he professes himfif a lover, can juftify to himself the entering into a laboured encomium upon America (almost every part of which might easily be proved fallaci ous), and indulging himfelf in an invective upon Britain; and all this for the exprefs purpofe of draining this kingdom of its trueft riches, its active and laborious farmers, to promote the rival intereft of a land of ftrangers, furpaifes, I own, my comprehenfion, and can only proceed, I fhould think, from a mied difaffected to our prefent citablishment; in whofe opinion every thing in a republican flate muft be excellent, and every thing in a monarchy repre henfible. In defence of the corduft which L am here taking the liberty to reprobate, it may, I know, be urged, (for as to what has been faid, that our country would not be injured by the proposed emigrations, inasmuch as perlons enough would be found to fupply the places of thofe who thould go abroad, ibat argument is too thailow to require confutation,) that there is a confideration fuperior to the narrow intereft of any particular ftate, the happinets of the whole human race; and that, in the eye of a philofopher, one country is not more dear than another merely on account of the accident of its having given hin birth. This reafoning is of a piece with the new-fashioned morality of France, that a fon owes no more duty to his father than to any other of his fellow-citizens; and is one of a thousand thousand proofs how dangerous it is to quit the path of nature, which puts upon the fame footing, and for the fame wife purpofes, patriotifm and filial piety. If to neglect thefe duties is to be a philofopher, I wish ftill to remain unilluminated by the ignis fatuus of modern metaphyfics. Quod h in boc erro, quod patriam amandam effe cenfeo, lubenter erro, nec mibi hunc errorem, quo delelor, dum vivo, extorqueri volo." In farther illuftration of what has been oblerved in p. 43 and 30, concerning the affumption of royal ftyle by our ancient nobles, I fhall add a curious letter written by Humphrey earl of Stafford, and taken from the MS leiger or minute-book mentioned in p. 42. Humphrey earl of Stafford, created duke of Buckingham 1443, 23 Hen. VI was the fon of Edmund earl of Stafford, who was flain at the battle of Shrewsbury, July 22, 1403, 4 Hen. IV. The duke himself fell at the battle of Northampton, 1460; as his fon Humphrey had done five years before at the battle of St. Albans, May 23, 1455, leaving a fon Henry, created duke of Buckingham, Rich. III, and beheaded, at Salisbury, Nov. 2, 1483; being the father of Edward duke of Buckingham, reftored in blood Hen. VII. and beheaded May 17, 1521 †, 13 Hen. VIII. Such was the tate of thofe times, when five of this noble family in lineal fucceffion perifhed on the fcaffold or in the field! It is fcarcely neceffary to mention their unfortunate defcendant, lord Stafford, who was judicially murdered for his fuppofed thare in that eternal difgrace of Charles II. the pretended Popith plot. But it is more to our, prefent purpose to observe that Copland dedicates his "Chevelere affigne," to Edward by the grace of God duke of Buckingham; a ftyle, which, though affumed in 1602 by Roger de Montgomeri earl of Shrewsbury, who in a deed mentioned by Ordericus Vitalis calls himself "Rogerius Dei gratiâ comes Scrobbefburienfis;" and as late as the time of Edward VI. by the protector duke of Somerfet (Burnet's Hift. Reform. vol. II. p. 127), was yet thought to imply fo much of fovereign power, that Lewis XI. of France, at the time that he ftripped the duke of Bretagne of the other infignia of independency, forbade him to style himfelf duke by the grace of God.But to return to our letter. "Feb. 1434. This is the credence that Humfrey erle of Stafford fendes unto the reverent fadir in Godde Wil liam bifshop of Cheftr§ by Thom's Arbaftyr**. "The firft I pray yowe of the hygh and fpecial truft that I have in your fadirhode and opon all the love and gode her that is betwene yowe and me, that ye fpeede my clerk, maifter George Radlife†† in most favorable and spede full man' ye may, as ever ye will defire me to do thing for yowe, that is in my power to the end of my lyff. For I am fuyr ye schall have no refonable caufe to denye hym, ne hit fchall never turne yowe to hurte nor difeife in no wife and therto ye fchall have a fufficient bond of my faid clerk in a notable fume. And fythen hyt may never hurt ne greve yowe in no wife; and yf ye did the contrarie hit may happen to hurt my ryght dere frend Syr John Stanley that hath fhewet me fo moch Some hiftorians make Shrewsbury the fcene of the duke's execution, which appeared probable from his having been apprehended in that county, where he had great poffeflions; his ancestor in the 8th generation, Robert lord Stafford, having married Alice, aunt and heir of Peter Corbet of Caux: but most other writers, to whom may be added Harl. MSS, 1073) p. 388, place it at Salisbury. The Year-book of Pasch. 13 Hen. VIII. pl. 1, which contains fome curious particulars concerning his trial, fays he was arraigned on the 12th, and executed on the 13th, of May, and concludes, "God have mercy on his foul, for he was a right noble and prudent prince, and the mirror of all courtesy." Hence a bon mot of Charles duke of Lorraine; le duc Charles, fe voyant un jour, avec quinze princes Allemands, de mauvaife intelligence entre eux, contre l'armée de France, commandée par M. de Turenne, dit, nous voila feize princes par la Grace de Dicu, qui allons etre battus de la façon d'un feul prince par la grace du roi de France." Pieces intéreffantes et peu connues, vol iii. p. 291. § I have obferved, upon a former occasion, that the bishops of Lichfield were often called bishops of Chester before the erection of the latter fee by Henry VIII. The word "John" is here erafed, and "Thomas" written in its room. **This name is meant for Arblafter, (on an old leaf it is written Ar Balafter). It is the name of an ancient Staffordshire family (now extin&t) taken from arcubalistarius, a shooter in the arcubalista, or cross-bow. Their arms were, Ermine, a crofs-bow, Gules. †† On April 18, 1437, Mr. George Radclyil occurs as treasurer of Lichfield cathedra'. kyndneffe: |