west of the river Ohio, 139,
329.
Debate, liberty of, in Congress,
93, 94, 292. In the Continen-
tal Congress, 281.
Debts, public, under the Confed- ||
eration, 32. To foreigners, un-
paid, 41. Prohibitions on the
States respecting, 146, 149, 296.
Tender in payment of, 146,
149, 296. State, at the adop-
tion of the Constitution, 216.
Contracted before the adoption
of the Constitution, valid after-
ward, 248, 302. Washington
on the public, 317.
Decimal mode of calculation, 116.
Declaration of Independence, 12,
24, 27, 275.
Declaration of Rights, in 1774,
24, 271.
Declaration of war, 120, 141, 294.
Defence, the common, provision
for, 42, 101, 141, 289, 293.
Definitive Treaty of peace, be-
tween the United States of
America and his Britannic Maj-
esty, 324. See Peace.
Delaware, settlement of, 12, 16.
Proprietary government of, 18.
Adopts the Constitution, 35.
Delegates, to the Continental Con-
gress, 26, 272, 280. For re-
vising the Articles of the Con-
federation, 34. The choice of,
and representation by, in the
Continental Congress, 280.
Democratic governments, features
of, 47.
Departments, see Heads of the
Departments.
Despotic governments, features
of, 46.
Direct taxes, apportionment of,
56-60, 97, 104, 290. Power
of Congress to lay and collect,
103, 295. Meaning of, 103.
Discovery, title founded upon the
right of, 13. Effect of, upon
the Indian title, 14.
Disqualifications of members of
Congress, 94, 161, 162, 292,
297.
Distribution of powers, in govern-
ments, 46.
District of Columbia, 129, 295.
Division, of legislative, executive,
and judicial, powers, 47. Of
legislative powers, 49, 289.
Dock-yards, 129, 295. Reserva-
tions respecting, 130.
Domestic insurrections, suppres-
sions of, 244, 302.
Domestic manufactures, encour-
agement of, 113.
Domestic tranquillity, on insuring,
42, 289.
Dutch, early settlements by the,
in New York and Delaware, 12.
Duties, evils of want of uniformi-
ty in, among the States, 44.
Power of Congress to lay and
collect, 101, 293. Use of the
word, 103. Uniformity in, re-
quired, 104, 294. On imports,
105, 296.
Not to be laid on
exports, 105, 295, 296. By
the States, unconstitutional,
106, 156, 296.
East Greenwich, manor of, held
in free and common socage, 16.
Education, Washington on institu-
tions for, 317.
Elections for Congress, 89, 90,
291, 292. Judges of, 90, 91,
292.
Electors of President and Vice-
President, choice of, 161, 297.
Their mode of electing, 162,
163, 297, 305. Vote by ballot,
163, 165, 297, 305. Time of
choosing, 166, 297. Time of
their voting, 166, 297.
Electors of Representatives, quali-
fications for, 50, 51, 289.
Emigrants, 142, 295. See Natur-
alization.
Emission of bills of credit, by the
States, unconstitutional, 146,
147, 296.
Emit, meaning of, 148.
England, see Peace.
Enlistments in the Revolution,
122.
Fines, excessive, not to be impos-
ed, 238, 304.
First Colony, under the charter
of James I., 15.
Equity, cases of law and, 186, || Fisheries, privileges as to, accord-
189, 192, 216, 300.
Establishments of religion, uncon- ||
stitutional, 255, 259, 303.
Europeans, claim of, to the soil of
Ex post facto laws, prohibition
of, by the Union, 144, 295; by
the States, 146, 150, 296.
Excises, power of Congress to lay
and collect, 101, 293. Use of
the word, 103. Uniformity in,
required, 104, 294.
Executed and executory contracts,
151.
Execution of the laws, the Presi-
dent to take care as to the,
177, 299.
Executive department, structure,
organization, and powers of the,
158; the President, 159, 296. ||
Three practical questions re-
specting the, considered, 159.
Unity in the, 159. See Presi-
dent.
Expenditures of public money, ac-
count of, to be published, 144,
145, 296.
Exports, no duties on, 105, 295.
Duties on, by the States, 106,
ing to the treaty of 1783, 327.
Florida, acquisition of, 138.
Foreign alliances, Washington on,
321. See Alliances.
Foreign commerce, regulation of,
108, 109, 141, 294. See Com-
Foreign corporations, see Corpora-
tions.
Foreign debts, non-payment of, 41.
See Debts.
Foreign influence, Washington on,
Foreign judgements, proof of, 135.
Foreign ministers, to be received
by the President, 176, 299.
Jurisdiction of the Judiciary
over, 186, 192, 213, 221, 223,
300.
Foreign powers, resistance to, by
individual States, 43. The faith
to be given to the acts, records
and judicial proceedings of, 135.
Presents and favors from, pro-
hibited, 145, 296. Controversies
with, 210, 300. Cannot be
compelled to become parties,
211.
Foreigners, justice towards, 40.
Jurisdiction in cases affecting,
196. See Aliens.
Expulsion from Congress, 91, 292. Forfeiture, see Confiscation.
Fact, jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court as to the law and, 224,
226, 300, 304.
Faith and credit to be given to the
acts, records, and judicial pro-
ceedings of the States, 135, 242,
301.
Farewell Address of Washington,
306.
Federal Constitution, see Consti-
tution.
Felonies, 119, 242, 294, 301.
Forgeries, 116, 294.
Forts, 129, 295. Reservation re-
specting, 130.
France, peace between Great Brit-
ain and, 324.
Franklin, Benjamin, various offices
held by, 325. Minister Plenipo-
tentiary for concluding and sign-
ing the Definitive Treaty of
Peace, between the United States
of America and his Britannic
Majesty, in 1783, 325, 329.
Freedom of the press, 255, 261,
303.
Freedom of speech, see Liberty.
Freedom, religious, 139, 252, 253,
255, 259, 303, 334.
Fugitive criminals and slaves, on
delivering up, 140, 242, 301,
337. Under the Confedera-
tion, 280.
General welfare, on promoting the,
44, 102, 289, 294.
George III., injuries and usurpa-
tions by, 276. Definitive Trea-
ty of Peace between the United
States of America and, 324.
Peace between France and,
324. See King.
Georgia, settled, 16. Government
of, at the commencement of the||
Revolution, 18. Adopts the
Constitution, 35. Chisholm ver-
sus, 202.
Germany, wars in, previous to the
institution of the Imperial cham-
ber, 200.
Glossary, 339.
Gold, to be legal tender in pay-
ment of debts, 146, 149, 296.
Governments, the Colonial, 17.
Provincial, 17. Proprietary, 17,
18. Charter, 17, 18. The
Revolutionary, 26. The three
great powers of, 46. Of the
Territory northwest of the Ohio,
139, 329. Republican, guaran-
tied to the States, 244,245,302.
Rights of, as to religious inter-
ference, 260. Difficulty of fix-
ing principles for, 268.
Re-
marks on, in the Declaration of
Independence, 275.
Governors, under Provincial gov-
ernments, 17. Under proprie-
tary governments, 18. Under
charter governments, 19. Ap-
proval of Speakers by, 62.
Prorogued and dissolved Assem- ||
blies, 92, 272. Powers and
privileges of, according to the
Ordinance for the government
of the Territory northwest of
the Ohio, 139, 331.
Grand Bank, the privilege to take
fish on the, according to the
treaty of 1783, 327.
Grand Jury, 231.
See Jury
Grants, 151, 152.
Great Britain, see Peace.
Guarantee of a republican form of
government to the States, 244,
245, 302.
Habeas corpus writ, provision for
the right to the, in the North-
western Territory, 139, 324.
Privilege of, and suspension of
it, 143, 295. Meaning of the,
143. On the exercise of au-
thority respecting, 224.
Hardwicke, Lord, on appellate ju-
risdiction, 201.
Hartley, David, British minister
plenipotentiary for signing the
Definitive Treaty of Peace, be-
tween the United States of
America and his Britannic Ma-
jesty, in 1783, 324, 329.
Heads of the Departments, restric-
tions respecting the, 94, 95, 292.
President may require the opin-
ions of the, 170, 171, 298.
Appointments by the, 172, 174,
High seas, definition of, 119. Pun-
ishments of crimes upon the,
119, 294. Jurisdiction in cases
of crimes committed upon the,
187, 196, 198, 300. See Crimes.
History, of the American Colonies,
11. Of the Confederation, 28.
House of Commons, election of
Speaker by the, 62. Impeach-
ment by the, 63. Money bills
originate in the, 97. On the
right to witnesses, by accused
persons, 235.
House of Lords, a court, 63. Re-
strictions on the, as to money
bills, 97.
House of Representatives, in the
colonies, 17, 19. See Represen-
tatives.
towards, in the Northwestern
Territory, 335.
on, 319.
Inhabitancy, of Representatives,
54, 55, 74, 290. Of Senators,
73, 291. Of the President and
Vice-President, 167, 298.
Innocent persons, punished, 135.
Innovations in the government,
Washington on, 314. See
Amendments.
Impairing contracts, laws for, un-Indictments, 230, 231, 232, 304.
constitutional, 146, 150, 248,|| Indirect taxes, meaning of, 103.
296, 302. Meaning of, 154. || Inferior courts, establishment of,
See Contracts.
119, 181, 218, 294, 299.
Impeachment, by the House of Influence, foreign, Washington
Representatives, 62, 63, 85,
87, 290. Trial of, before the
Senate, 76, 85, 291. Of the
President of the United States,
76, 78, 83, 291. Requirements
necessary for conviction, 76, 79,
291. Mode of trial in, 78, 291.
The judgement to be rendered
in cases of, 79, 88, 291.
sons liable to, 81, 83, 178, 299.
Extent of the power of, 81, 299.
Offences for, 81, 83, 88, 299.
Summary statement of the pro-
ceedings respecting, 85. No
pardon upon conviction of, 88,
170, 172, 298.
Implication, cases arising by,191.
Implied contracts, 151.
Implied powers of Congress, 131,
133, 141, 191.
Implied prohibitions on the States,
Insolvent laws, power of Congress
respecting, 114, 294. By the
States, 155.
Inspection laws, provision as to,
106, 296.
Institutions, Washington on liter-
ary, 317.
Insurrections, suppression of do-
mestic, 244, 302.
Invasion, protection against, 244,
Inventions, patents for, 118, 294.
J.
James I., charter granted by, 15.
Jay, John, various offices held
by, 325.
Minister Plenipoten-
tiary for concluding and signing
the Definitive Treaty of Peace,
between the United States of
America and his Britannic Ma-
jesty, in 1783, 325, 329.
Jeopardy of life and limb, 230,
232, 304.
John, King of England, Magna
Charta wrung from, 20.
Journals of Congress to be kept,
92, 292.
Judgement to be rendered in cases
of impeachment, 79, 88, 291.
Not pardonable by the Presi-
dent, 88, 170, 172, 298. See
Impeachment.
Judgements, foreign, proof of,135.
Judges, appointment and tenure
of office of, 174, 181, 182,
299, 300. Compensation of,
185, 300. Impeachable, 185.
Tenure of office of, in different
States, 206. Functions of the
National, 228. In the Territory
northwest of the river Ohio,331.
Judicial power of the Senate, 76,
Judiciary, under the Constitution,
48, 289. Appointments of
judges, and tenure of office in
the, 174, 181, 182, 299, 300.
Indispensableness of the, 179,
180. Montesquieu on the, 180.
Two ends of government to be
attained by the, 181. Estab-
lishments of courts, 181, 299. ||
Provision for the independence
of the, 182, 183, 300. Ju-
Irisdiction of the, 186; in cases
arising under the Constitution,
186, 188, 190, 221, 223, 300;
under the laws of the United
States, 186, 188, 190, 216, 221,
223, 300; under treaties, 186,
189, 190, 216, 221, 223, 300;
in cases of law and equity, 186,
189, 192, 216, 300, 305; in
cases affecting ambassadors, and
other public ministers, 186,
192, 213, 221, 223, 300; con-
suls, 186, 193, 213, 223, 300;
of admiralty and maritime juris-
diction, 186, 187, 194, 196,
221, 223, 300; of captures,
187, 194,; of crimes upon the
high seas, 186, 187, 196, 198,
300; of controversies, to which
the United States is a party,
186, 187, 199, 223, 300; of
controversies between States,
186, 187, 199, 200, 221, 300
between a State and citizens of
another State, 186, 187, 199,
201, 223, 300; in suits brought
by and against a State, 186,
202, 217, 305. Jurisdiction of
the, in controversies between
citizens of different States, 186,
187, 205, 221, 300; of the
same State claiming grants of
different States, 186, 187, 209,
221, 300; between a State, or
the citizens thereof, and foreign
States, citizens or subjects, 186,
187, 210, 211, 221, 223, 300.
The mode of exercising juris-
diction by the, 212, 300. De-
tails respecting the original and
appellate jurisdiction of the, 212
-227. Bound by the Constitu-
tion, laws, and treaties, 219,
Ex-
302. Object of the, 222.
clusive powers of the, 223.
Non-interference of, with State
courts, 224. Jurisdiction of the,
both as to law and fact, 224,
226, 300, 304.
Jurisdiction, see Appellate, Judic-
iary, and Original.
Jury, trial by, and its incidents,
228, 300, 304. Object of it,
229. Grand, 231.
Justice, establishment of, 40, 289.
Administration of, 40. Evils
requiring, 41. National, en-
joined by Washington, 318. See
Judiciary.
King, authority of the, in the Pro-
vincial governments, 17-21.
Rights and prerogatives of the,
23. Approbation of the Speaker
of the House of Commons by
the, 62. May prorogue Parlia-
ment, 92. Negatived laws pro-
hibiting the slave trade, 143.
Jurisdiction of the, in controver-
sies between Colonies, 200.
See George III.
Knowledge, importance of, in
Members of Congress,
Washington, on institutions for,
L.
Laity in England, 82.
Lands, under the Articles of Con-
federation, 29. Ceded to the
government, 128, 295. Juris-
diction in certain controversies
respecting, 209.
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