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It has become essential that the gasses in smokestack plumes and the like be monitored for the presence of pollutants such as NO, NO2, CO, CO2, SO2, and 03. In this invention, a laser source excites the atmospheric area of the pollutants until the beam causes the pollutants to fluoresce and emit a return signal to a detector. Analysis of this signal as compared to a known standard yields a signal indicative of the magnitude of the pollutant being analyzed.

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This invention is a generator for generating a hydrogen rich gas to be mixed with a dydrocarbon fuel for use in an internal combustion engine. Such a mixture considerably lowers the pollutants emitted by an internal combustion engine. The hydrogen rich gas is generated in a cylindrically shaped chamber by injecting air and hydrocarbon fuel at one end of said chamber, igniting the mixture of said air and hydrocarbon fuel to provide very hot combustion gases, by partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon. These gases move away from said ignition region to another region where water is injected to be turned into steam by the hot combustion gases. Either simultaneously with the injection of water or subsequently thereto, more hydrocarbon fuel is injected. The steam which is formed mixes with the hot gases present to yield a uniform hot gas whereby a steam reforming reaction with the hydrocarbon fuel takes place to produce a hydrogen rich gas.

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Sputter desposition is a process for depositing atoms on a substrate to be used in an electronic device. With this invention it is possible to produce a multilayer structure of different materials in which each layer is of very precise thickness and the interface between layers is absolutely free of contamination. This apparatus includes a stationary cathode, a rotatable anode, different target materials on the cathode, elements bearing apertures to expose the targets, and power means to control the electrical potentials of the system.

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The invention is a method for making uniformly-shaped, porous, round beads. The beads may be used as adsorbents in chromatography and as markers for studies of cell surface receptors. The beads are prepared by the co-polymerization of an acrylic monomer and a cross-linking agent in the presence of 0.05 to 5% by weight of an aqueous soluble polymer such as polyethylene oxide. Cross-linking proceeds at high temperature above about 50°C or at a lower temperature with irradiation. Beads of even shape and even size distribution of less than 2 micron diameter are formed. The beads will find use as adsorbents in chromatography and as markers for studies of cell surface receptors.

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There are numerous tasks involving the manipulation of an article from a remote location under the control of an operator who can place the grasping element in the proximity of the article, but cannot make the final positioning and orientation of the grasping element to successfully grasp the element. The present invention relates to a device which can make the final positioning and orientation to grasp the element. The invention incorporates a corner retroreflector, plane mirrors, photodectors and a pulsed light source to derive signals to achieve the final steps of grasping the element.

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