Army Corps for honorable service performed by them in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps.

(E. O. 9365; July 30, 1943, 8 F. R. 10651, 3 CFR, 1943 Supp.)

§ 878.57 National Defense Service Medal (a) Description. The National Defense Service Medal is bronze of a design to be announced later. The medal will be suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon of a design identical in color and proportions with the service ribbon. The service ribbon for this medal will be silk moire 1% inches in width and % inches in length, attached to a bar which is equipped with a suitable attaching device. The design of this ribbon will consist of a red band (6 inch), a white stripe (2 inch), a blue stripe (2 inch), a white stripe (2 inch), a red stripe (32 inch), a yellow band (4 inch), a red stripe (32 inch), a white stripe (32 inch), a blue stripe (2 inch), a white stripe (2 inch), and a red band (16 inch).

(b) Requirements for award. The National Defense Service Medal is awarded for any period (1 day or longer) of honorable active duty service on or after June 27, 1950, to a date to be announced later. Inactive Reserve personnel ordered to active duty for short periods of training under the Inactive Reserve training program will not be considered as being on active duty for the purpose of this award. For the purpose of determining the order of wearing of this medal, a person who meets the requirements is considered to have earned it on the first day of honorable active service on or after June 27, 1950. If, in exceptional instances, a person earns the National Defense Service Medal and the Korean Service Medal on the same day, the National Defense Service Medal will be worn immediately before the Korean Service Medal.

(E. O. 10448, April 22, 1953, 18 F. R. 2391, 3 CFR, 1953 Supp.)

§ 878.58 Philippine service awards(a) Philippine Defense Ribbon-(1) Description. The Philippine Defense Ribbon, established by the Philippine Commonwealth Government, consists of a red ribbon divided by wide white bands and centering three white stars which form a triangle. The single star is worn uppermost.

(2) Requirements for award. The Philippine Defense Ribbon is awarded

for combat service in defense of the Philippines from December 8, 1941 to June 15, 1942, as a member of the Bataan or Manila Bay forces or of a unit, ship, or airplane under enemy attack. A person assigned or stationed in Philippine waters or territories for at least 30 days during the cited period may also be awarded the ribbon. A person who fulfills both of the preceding requirements is entitled to wear one bronze service star on the ribbon.

(b) Philippine Liberation Ribbon(1) Description. The Philippine Liberation Ribbon established by the Philippine Commonweath Government consists of a red ribbon with equal stripes of blue and white in the center. The blue stripe is worn to the wearer's right.

(2) Requirements for award. The Philippine Liberation Ribbon is awarded for participation in the liberation of the Philippines from October 17, 1944 to September 3, 1945. A person must have participated in the Leyte landings (October 17-20, 1944) or have engaged the enemy on Leyte or adjoining islands. A person assigned or stationed as described for at least 30 days during the period of the campaign may also be awarded the ribbon. Any one of the preceding requirements entitles a person to be

awarded the ribbon and for each additional requirement met, one bronze service star worn on the ribbon may be awarded.

(c) Philippine Independence Ribbon(1) Description. The Philippine Independence Ribbon, established by the Philippine Commonwealth Government, consists of a predominantly blue ribbon edged with yellow stripes and bearing red, white, and red stripes in the order named in the center.

(2) Requirements for award. The Philippine Independence Ribbon is awarded to all personnel who were present for duty in Philippine territories or waters on July 4, 1946, and to all persons awarded the Philippine Defense or the Philippine Liberation Ribbons.

§ 878.59 Clasps. (a) Clasps are used to:

(1) Denote additional awards of the same medal, for example, the Good Conduct Medal.

(2) Denote additional honors pertaining to the basic award, for example, the Foreign Service Clasp.

(3) Differentiate areas of service, for example, the "Germany" or "Japan" clasp to the Army of Occupation Medal. (b) Kinds of clasps are:

(1) The Good Conduct Medal clasp which consists of a metal bar bearing a loop for each period of 3 years' exemplary service, as required for and after original award of the medal, and which will be:

(i) A bronze clasp with from two to five bronze loops for the second to fifth awards. (The second award of the Good Conduct Medal will be a bronze clasp with two bronze loops.)

(ii) A silver clasp with from one to five silver loops for the sixth to tenth awards.

(iii) A gold clasp with from one to five gold loops for the eleventh to fifteenth awards.

(2) Foreign service clasps which are awarded with the American Defense Service Medal and the Army of Occupation Medal (World War II). The American Defense Service Medal Clasp, which is attached to the suspension ribbon of the medal, reads "Foreign Service," and is awarded for service outside the continental United States, including Alaska, under the same requirement as prescribed for the American Defense Service Medal. Instead of the clasp that is worn on the suspension ribbon of the medal, a bronze service star is worn on the ribbon bar to denote award of the clasp.

Serv

(3) The Army of Occupation Metal clasps read "Germany" or "Japan," and are awarded to differentiate service in the respective Armies of Occupation. Service with the Armies of Occupation in Germany, Italy, or Austria is represented by the "Germany" clasp. ice with the Army of Occupation in "Japan" or "Korea" is represented by the "Japan" clasp. The clasps are worn on the suspension ribbon of the medal. Service stars or "clasps" are not worn on the ribbon bar of the Army of Occupation Medal.

§ 878.60 Service stars. Metal (silver or bronze) stars are worn on the suspension ribbons and ribbon bars of the American Campaign Medal, AsiaticPacific Campaign Medal, European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, and the Korean Service Medal to denote unit battle participation credit as announced in general orders. One silver star is worn in place of five bronze stars.

Metal (bronze) stars are also worn on the Philippine Defense, Liberation, and Independence Ribbons to denote additional honors.

§ 878.61 Arrowheads. A bronze replica of an Indian arrowhead worn on the suspension ribbons and ribbon bars of the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, and Korean Service Medal to denote a combat parachute jump, combat glider landing, or amphibious assault landing. The combat parachute jump or combat glider landing into enemy-held territory must have been made as an assigned or attached member of an organized force carrying out an assigned tactical mission. (An emergency combat parachute jump into enemy-held territory does not constitute eligibility for award of an arrowhead.) In addition, units entitled to this award must be designated in general orders. Only one bronze arrowhead will be worn on any suspension ribbon or ribbon bar regardless of the number of times a person becomes eligible for this award. When worn, the arrowhead will be worn point up in a vertical position to the wearer's right of all service stars.

§ 878.62 Berlin airlift device. A miniature C-54 airplane facsimile in goldcolored metal may be awarded with the Army of Occupation Medal (Germany) to denote participation in the Berlin airlift. Service for 90 or more consecutive days while assigned or attached to a unit designated in general orders of the department of the Air Force for participation in the Berlin airlift qualifies a person for this award. This device is worn on both the suspension ribbon and ribbon bar of the Army of Occupation Medal (Germany) with the nose pointed upward at a 30 degree angle toward the wearer's right shoulder.

§ 878.63 Service devices-(a) Federal service stripes. Federal service stripes are authorized for optional wear by enlisted personnel only. Each stripe represents 3 years of enlisted service in the Armed Forces of the United States.

(b) Oversea chevrons. Oversea chevrons are authorized for optional wear by all qualified personnel. Each chevron represents 6 months of oversea duty in a theater of operations during World War I.

NOTE: World War I wound chevron has been replaced by the Purple Heart decoration.

(c) Oversea bars. Oversea bars are authorized for optional wear by all qualified personnel. Each bar represents 6 months of duty outside the continental limits of the United States during World War II between December 7, 1941 and September 2, 1946, inclusive. Fractional parts of a 6 month period will not be accredited as another bar.

(d) Other devices. Devices, other than those devices described in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this section, are awarded by the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard. Such devices are awarded in conformance with the regulations of the awarding authority and §§ 878.41 to 878.73 will not be construed to nullify them.

§ 878.64 Lapel buttons. The lapel buttons outlined in this section are authorized to be worn only with civilian clothes.

(a) Good Conduct Medal, American Defense Service Medal, and Women's Army Corps Service Medal Lapel Buttons. The lapel buttons authorized for these medals are enamel replicas of the ribbon bars.

(b) World War II Honorable Service lapel button. The World War II Honorable Service lapel button is of goldcolored metal, bearing an eagle on a ring around 13 stripes awarded for service between September 8, 1939 and December 31, 1946, both dates inclusive.

(c) Air Force lapel button. The Air Force lapel button consists of the winged Air Force star in gold- and silver-colored metal. All members of the Air Force on active duty and members of the Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard, and Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps are entitled to wear this lapel button.

878.65 Posthumous awards. Next of kin are entitled to posthumous awards of deceased personnel. Next of kin is determined in the following order: Widow or widower, eldest son or daughter, father, mother, eldest brother or sister, eldest grandchild. The next of kin of an individual entitled to a service medal may make application to the Director of Military Personnel, Headquarters United States Air Force, Washington 25, D. C., Attention: Awards Branch, stating the name, rank, and serial number of the individual.

§ 878.66 United States service awards. Service medals, ribbons, and devices are

also awarded by the United States Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. Such awards are made in conformance with the regulations of the awarding authority and §§ 878.41 to 878.73 will not be construed to nullify them. Service medals awarded by agencies of the United States Government, other than those listed in this section, or by States and other jurisdictions subordinate to the Federal Government will not be worn on the uniform.

§ 878.67 Foreign service awards. Service awards tendered by foreign governments to an officer or airman may not be accepted or worn on the uniform. However, foreign service awards to a person who was, at the time the award was earned, a member of the armed forces of a friendly foreign power, may be worn on the Air Force uniform provided that prior approval is obtained from the Department of the Air Force. Requests for permission to wear such awards should be addressed to the Director of Military Personnel, Headquarters, USAF, Attention: Personnel Services Division, Washington 25, D. C., and will include any evidence of the award that the recipient may possess. This section does not apply to the Philippine service awards.

§ 878.68 Method of award-(a) When an award is considered as being made to a person. The award is construed as being made to a person when the appropriate entry is made in the person's records. This should be distinguished from presentation of the award which may be made later.

(b) By whom made. Awards of service medals, ribbons, and devices will be made by the commander having custody of the personnel records of members of the Air Force on active duty and members of the Reserve components, causing an appropriate entry to be made in a person's records upon receipt of general orders or other appropriate authority announcing the award, or upon determination that a person meets the requirements for an award.

(c) Presentation at official ceremony. Presentation of service awards at an official ceremony is not required, but may be arranged at the discretion of individual commanders.

§ 878.69 Method of wearing-(a) Service medals and ribbons. Service medals and ribbons are worn from the

wearer's right to left and immediately above the pocket on the left breast in one or more lines.

(b) United States service medals and ribbons. United States service medals and ribbons are worn following all United States decorations in the following manner:

(1) The Good Conduct Medal is worn immediately following United States decorations.

(2) All other United States service awards follow in the order in which earned (not the date of entry in the records or date upon which the service award is established, but the date upon which the person becomes eligible for the award). For example, the National Defense Service Medal was not established until April 22, 1953, but all personnel upon active duty as of June 27, 1950, becomes entitled to the award as of June 27, 1950. Therefore, the National Defense Service Medal will be worn preceding the Korean Service Medal. The only exception to this rule is the Armed Forces Reserve Medal which is always worn following all other United States service awards.

are

(3) Philippine service ribbons worn following United States service awards.

(c) United Nations Service Medal. The United Nations Service Medal is worn immediately following all foreign decorations, if any, otherwise, immediately following all United States service awards and Philippine service ribbons.

(d) Foreign service awards. Foreign service awards, as authorized, in § 878.67, are worn immediately following any foreign decorations or immediately following United States service medals and/or United Nations Service Medal should the person concerned not have any foreign decorations. Foreign service medals are worn in the order earned or in the manner prescribed by the foreign nation awarding the medals. At least one United States decoration or service award must be worn at the same time that a foreign award is worn.

§ 878.70 Supply and replacement. Air Forces service medals, ribbon bars, lapel buttons, and other devices are supplied by requisition through normal supply channels. Replacements for medals and appurtenances lost or destroyed through no fault or neglect on the part of the person to whom awarded, will be replaced without charge to mem

§ 878.71

bers of the Air Force on active duty and members of the Reserve components and to other qualified persons at cost price. Exhibition. Applications from public institutions for samples of service medals and appurtenances for exhibition purposes may be addressed to the Director of Military Personnel, Headquarters USAF, Washington 25, D. C., for approval by the Secretary of the Air Force. The cost of the medals and appurtenances, plus transportation, packing charges, and the engraving of each medal with the words "Display only" will be borne by the purchaser.

§ 878.72 Manufacture, sale, and possession. By law, the manufacture, sale, and possession or the pictorial representation, in regulation size, of the likeness of any Air Force decoration, medal, or device, United States or foreign, is prohibited unless authorized by the Department of the Air Force.

(Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 732; as amended; 18 U. S. C. 704)

§ 878.73 Miscellaneous. (a) Medals and ribbons for service differ from decorations in design and requirements for award. Service medals, in design, are usually circular with pictorial relief.

(b) Only one award of a specific United States service medal or Philippine service award will be made to the same person. Devices will be awarded to persons to denote additional awards in those instances specified in §§ 878.41 to 878.73.

(c) Service awards are not made to civilians or foreign persons, unless otherwise specified.

BADGES

SOURCE: 878.76 to 878.84 appear at 19 F. R. 4317, July 14, 1954.

§ 878.76 Purpose and policy. Sections 878.76 to 878.84 describe the types of badges authorized in the Air Force and the general requirements for award. Badges are awarded to recognize the professional qualifications and attainments of individuals in the military service.

§ 878.77 Eligibility. The status of a person at the time of completion of the requirements for an aeronautical rating or designation or other qualification determines his eligibility for the award of a badge. Persons in civilian status are not eligible for the award of a badge unless earned in a former military capacity.

§ 878.78 Aviation badges-(a) Basic design. Aviation badges are basically 3inch spread silver wings bearing distinctive center designs.

(b) Aeronautical ratings. Persons granted an aeronautical rating in accordance with pertinent directives are authorized aviation badges as follows:

(1) Command pilot. Basic wings displaying at the center the Federal shield surmounted by a wreath of laurel around a 5-pointed star.

(2) Senior pilot. Basic wings displaying at the center the Federal shield surmounted by a 5-pointed star.

(3) Pilot. Basic wings displaying at the center the Federal shield.

(4) Senior aircraft observer. Basic wings displaying at the center the shield from the Air Force seal surmounted by a 5-pointed star.

(5) Aircraft observer. Basic wings displaying at the center the shield from the Air Force seal.

(6) Ratings no longer current. Those granted aeronautical ratings no longer current are authorized to wear the aviation badge which was in effect at the time the rating was granted.

(7) Removal from flying status. A person holding an aeronautical rating who is removed from flying status for cause may be prohibited by the Chief of Staff, USAF, from wearing the aviation badge concerned.

(c) Aeronautical designations. Persons granted an aeronautical designation in accordance with current directives are authorized aviation badges as described below:

(1) Flight surgeon. Basic wings displaying at the center a medical caduceus superimposed on the letter "O."

(2) Flight nurse. Two-inch wings of basic design displaying at the center the letter "N" superimposed on medical caduceus.

(3) Revocation. Persons whose aeronautical designations have been revoked by the Chief of Staff, USAF, are prohibited from wearing the aviation badge concerned.

(d) Aircrew member. (1) The commander of any Air Force activity may authorize, by orders, members of his command to wear the aircrew member badge: Provided, That they,

(i) Have demonstrated their proficiency as an aircrew member and have

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completed 150 hours flying duty performing aircrew duties, or

(ii) Have participated in at least ten combat or operational missions under probable exposure to enemy fire, or

(iii) While assigned as a member of an aircrew, were incapacitated for further duty as such by reason of being wounded as a result of enemy action or injured while discharging the duties of an aircrew member.

(2) The aircrew member badge consists of basic wings displaying at the center the coat of arms of the United States within a disc.

awards. One

$ 878.79 Posthumous next of kin of a deceased person is entitled to posthumous award of an aviation badge earned and otherwise due. Also, one next of kin of a deceased person may be awarded the appropriate aviation badge when the person died as a result of a course of training which would have led to such an award. The commander of the installation to which the person was assigned will be responsible for issuance of the badges with appropriate letter of transmittal. The eligible next of kin are considered to be, in order: the widow or widower, eldest son, eldest daughter, father, mother, eldest brother, eldest sister, eldest grandchild.

§ 878.80 Badges awarded by other services. (a) Aviation badges awarded by the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard may be accepted and worn as prescribed by the awarding authority.

(b) The following badges authorized by the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, while a member of that service, may be worn on the Air Force uniform:

(1) Aviation badges (Naval aviator, Naval aviation observer, combat crew member, flight surgeon, flight nurse, balloon pilot.)