COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS THOMAS E. MORGAN, Pennsylvania, Chairman CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin ARMISTEAD I. SELDEN, JR., Alabama L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER, New Jersey RONALD BROOKS CAMERON, California JOHN C. CULVER, Iowa ROY H. MCVICKER, Colorado FRANCES P. BOLTON, Ohio E. Y. BERRY, South Dakota BOYD CRAWFORD, Staff Administrator HELEN L. HASHAGEN, Staff Assistant LOUISE O'BRIEN, Staff Assistant MARY M. LALOS, Staff Assistant DORIS B. MCCRACKEN, Staff Assistant JEAN E. SMITH, Staff Assistant SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND MOVEMENTS DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida, Chairman L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina H. R. GROSS, Iowa PETER II. B. FRELINGHUYSEN, New Jer MARIAN A. CZARNECKI, Staff Consultant II UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS WITNESSES STATEMENTS AND MEMORANDUMS SUBMITTED FOR Universal Declaration of Human Rights... Resolution adopted by the U.N. General Assembly, December 12, 1963, designating 1968 as International Year for Human Rights.... Text of identical bills to establish a United States Committee on Human Rights to prepare for participation by the United States in the observance of the year 1968 as International Human Rights Year, and for other pur- Louis B. Sohn, Bemis professor of international law, Law School of International Commission of Jurists (V. M. Kabes, executive secre- U.S. representative to the United Nations Commission on Human Gladys A. Tillett, U.S. representative on the U.N. Commission on Commission To Study the Organization of Peace (Clark M. Eichel- American Israel Public Affairs Committee (I. L. Kenen, executive Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (Arnold Forster, general Text of H. R. 17083, to establish a United States Committee on Human Rights to prepare for participation by the United States in the observance of the year 1968 as International Human Rights Year, and for other pur- The Subcommittee on International Organizations and Movements met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 2255, Rayburn Building, Hon. Dante B. Fascell (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Mr. FASCELL. The subcommittee will please come to order. We meet this morning to receive testimony from Members of Congress, sponsors of legislation which would provide for the appointment of a commission to plan U.S. participation in the International Human Rights Year. Nearly 3 years ago, on December 12, 1963, the General Assembly of the United Nations unanimously adopted a resolution which designated the year 1968 as the International Human Rights Year and called on the member states of the United Nations to join in that observance. The year 1968, I should like to add, will mark the 20th anniversary of the Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted by the United Nations in 1948. I believe that it would be appropriate at this point to place in the record of today's hearing both the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the text of the 1963 U.N. General Assembly resolution designating the year 1968 as the International Human Rights Year. Without objection, the texts of these two documents will appear in the record at this point. (The documents referred to are as follows:) UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS-RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY, THIRD SESSION, DECEMBER 10, 1948 Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter raffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge, Now therefore, The General Assembly, Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Members States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. ARTICLE 1 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. ARTICLE 2 Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. ARTICLE 3 Everyone has the right to life, liberty and the security of person. ARTICLE 4 No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. ARTICLE 5 No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. ARTICLE 6 Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. ARTICLE 7 All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. ARTICLE 8 Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. ARTICLE 9 No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. ARTICLE 10 Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair, and public hearing by an inde pendent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. |