the reports. While the contacts generally did not know how task forces conducted reviews, most said that task forces relied on previously generated data/findings and worked in teams. Interviewed agency employees Agency contacts said that most task force interviews OCcurred at top management levels (for example, Secretary, Deputy/ Under Secretaries, Assistant Secretaries). In addition, task forces also have interviewed directors/managers who oversee programs and administrative operations. A few agency contacts referred to interviews with career employees (for example, analysts). Overall, many contacts were unsure about who task forces interviewed or planned to interview. This uncertainty partially existed because some task forces just began. Also, not all agencies required task forces to identify interviewees. Some contacts said that a task force was given complete freedom to interview whomever it desired. A few required coordinating all interviews in the agency. Task force membership In this area, agency contacts exhibited a great deal of uncertainty. They stated that they generally (1) deal only with the project manager and (2) lacked an updated list of task force members--especially since membership changes periodically. While contacts did not disclose most task force members' names, they did provide a few. Also, they estimated how many members worked on task forces. About half of the contacts praised the members' expertise. They felt fortunate to have experts reviewing many areas that the agency perceived as problems. Agency support to task forces Agencies commonly provided space, furniture, and staff time for briefings and interviews. In these cases, agency contacts usually explained that the (1) items were surplus and (2) staff time was well used or similar to time spent with GAO or a consultant. Many agencies also referred to equipment (for example, phones and typewriters) and supplies. Further, a few agencies provided minimal clerical support. Agency comments on task Force effects/operations Most agency contacts viewed the task forces as positive attempts to identify cost savings. They generally viewed task force members as very talented experts who provided free advice and an objective viewpoint. Given these perceptions, most agencies seemed willing to help the task forces and had an open mind on the findings. Some agencies eagerly supported the task forces' efforts and awaited the recommendations. Many said that task force's presence forced them to improve operations. Also, contacts believed a "fresh, objective look" was healthy because it generated new ideas or reconsidered old ones. Many saw no problems emerging from the task forces' work.. Nevertheless, some agency contacts had negative views about how task forces operated. While all agency contacts said something positive about the task forces, a few referred to negative aspects such as whether the task force members could learn complex issues in a short time and whether members had formed conclusions before doing the review. Esmark, Inc. Exxon Corporation Federated Department Stores, Inc. General Dynamics Corporation General Electric Co. General Foods Corp. General Mills Foundation General Signal Corporation General Telephone & Electronics Corp. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Hercules, Incorporated Hewlett-Packard Co. Honeywell, Inc. Ingersoll Rand Company InterFirst Corporation International Business Machines Corp. International Minerals & Chemical Corp. Kimberly-Clark Corporation Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. Melville Corporation Merck & Co., Inc. Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Metropolitan Life Foundation LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS CONTINUED Milliken & Company Southern California Edison Company TRW, Inc. Texas Commerce Bancshares, Inc. Union Carbide Corporation Union Pacific Corporation United Technologies Corporation Warner-Lambert Company Wells Fargo Foundation Wheelabrator Foundation, Inc. Whirlpool Corporation Winn-Dixie Stores Foundation Anheuser-Busch, Inc. First Bank System, Inc. Newmont Mining Corporation Tenneco, Inc. United Telecommunications, Inc. Bethlehem Steel Corporation Burlington Industries, Inc. Champion Spark Plug Co. Delaware Trust Company The First Boston Corporation Fluor Corporation Frank B. Hall & Co., Inc. GK Technologies Incorporated Jewel Companies, Inc. Liberty National Life Insurance Co. Marine Midland Banks, Inc. Marshall & Ilsley Bank Foundation Inc. Mercantile Stores Co., Inc. Metromedia, Inc. National Steel Corporation Nationwide Mutual Insurance Co. North American Philips Corporation Northrop Corporation Northwest Airlines Paine Webber Incorporated Prince Foundation 1 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS CONTINUED RichSeaPak Corporation St. Joe Minerals Corporation The First National Bank of Chicago Whittaker Corporation Colt Industries, Inc. Heublein, Inc. Middle South Utilities, Inc. Raytheon Co. The Williams Companies Hershey Foods Corporation Hughes Tool Company The New York Times Co. AVCO Corporation Cameron Iron Works, Inc. General Reinsurance Corp. Holiday Inns, Inc. Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York The Peoples Gas Light & Coke Company The Philadelphia National Bank Provident Charitable Trust Ex-Cell-O Corporation Intel Corp. Rockwell International Corporation Amax Foundation, Inc. Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Celanese Corporation O Gould Foundation McGraw-Hill, Inc. Shell Companies Foundation The Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York United States Fidelity & Guaranty Company McGraw-Edison Company Texas Instruments Incorporated The Lear Siegler Foundation Texas Utilities Company Aluminum Company of America |