(a) The undamaged shipment would be subcritical with an identical shipment in contact with it and with the two shipments closely reflected on all sides by water; and

(b) The shipment would be subcritical if each package were subjected to the hypothetical accident conditions specified in Appendix B of this part as the Free Drop, Thermal, and Water Immersion conditions, in the sequence listed in Appendix B, with close reflection by water on all sides of the array and with the packages in the most reactive arrangement and with the most reactive degree of interspersed hydrogenous moderation which would be credible considering the controls to be exercised over the shipment. The condition of the package shall be assumed to be as described in § 71.37. Hypothetical accident conditions different from those specified in this paragraph may be approved by the Commission if the controls proposed to be exercised by the shipper are demonstrated to be adequate to assure the safety of the shipment.

§ 71.41 Previously constructed packages for irradiated solid nuclear fuel. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Subpart, a package, the use of which has been authorized by the Commission for the transport of irradiated solid nuclear fuel on or after September 23, 1961, and which has been completely constructed prior to January 1, 1967, shall be deemed to comply with the package standards of this subpart for that purpose.

Subpart D-Operating Procedures § 71.51 Establishment and maintenance

of procedures.

gree of moderation, or other pertinent property of fissile material in any package is not known, the licensee shall package the fissile material as if the unknown properties have such credible values as will cause the maximum nuclear reactivity.

§ 71.53

Preliminary determinations.

(a) Prior to the first use of any packaging for the shipment of licensed materials, the licensee shall ascertain that there are no cracks, pinholes, uncontrolled voids or other defects which could significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging.

(b) Prior to the first use of any packaging for the shipment of licensed materials, where the maximum normal operating pressure will exceed 5 pounds per square inch gauge, the licensee shall test the containment vessel to assure that it will not leak at an internal pressure 50 percent higher than the maximum normal operating pressure.

(c) Packaging shall be conspicuously and durably marked with its model number. Prior to applying the model number, the licensee shall determine that the packaging has been fabricated in accordance with the design approved by the Commission.

§ 71.54 Routine determinations.

Prior to each use of a package for shipment of licensed material the licensee shall ascertain that the package with its contents satisfies the applicable requirements of Subpart C of this part and of the license, including determinations that:

(a) The packaging has not been significantly damaged;

(b) Any moderators and nonfissile neutron absorbers, if required, are present and are as authorized by the Commission;

(c) The closure of the package and any sealing gaskets are present and are free from defects;

(d) Any valve through which primary coolant can flow is protected against tampering;

(e) The internal gauge pressure of the package will not exceed, during the anticipated period of transport, the maximum normal operating pressure;

(a) The licensee shall maintain for a period of 2 years after its generation a record of each shipment of fissile material and of a large quantity of licensed material, as defined in § 71.4(f), in a single package, showing, where applicable:

(1) Identification of the packaging by model number;

(2) Details of any significant defects in the packaging, with the means employed to repair the defects and prevent their recurrence;

(3) Volume and identification of coolant:

(4) Type and quantity of licensed material in each package, and the total quantity in each shipment;

(5) For each item of irradiated fissile material:

(i) Identification by model number; (ii) Irradiation and decay history to the extent appropriate to demonstrate that its nuclear and thermal characteristics comply with license conditions;

(iii) Any abnormal or unusual condition relevant to radiation safety.

(6) Date of the shipment;

(7) For Fissile Class III, any special controls exercised;

(8) Name and address of the transferee;

(9) Address to which the shipment was made; and

(10) Results of the determinations required by §§ 71.53 and 71.54.

(b) The licensee shall make available to the Commission for inspection, upon reasonable notice, all records required by this part.

An injunction or other court order may be obtained prohibiting any violation of any provision of the Act or any regulation or order issued thereunder. Any person who wilfully violates any provision of the Act or any regulation or order issued thereunder may be guilty of a crime and upon conviction may be punished by fine or imprisonment, or both as provided by law.

APPENDIX A-NORMAL CONDITIONS OF
TRANSPORT

Each of the following normal conditions of transport is to be applied separately to determine its effect on a package.

1. Heat-Direct sunlight at an ambient temperature of 180° F. in still air.

2. Cold-An ambient temperature of -40° F. in still air and shade.

3. Pressure-Atmospheric pressure of 0.5 times standard atmospheric pressure.

4. Vibration-Vibration normally incident to transport.

5. Water Spray-A water spray sufficiently heavy to keep the entire exposed surface of the package except the bottom continuously wet during a period of 30 minutes.

6. Free Drop-Between 11⁄2 and 21⁄2 hours after the conclusion of the water spray test, a free drop through the distance specified below onto a flat essentially unyielding horizontal surface, striking the surface in a position for which maximum damage is expected.

fiberboard, and do not exceed 110 pounds gross weight, and to all Fissile Class II packagings.

8. Penetration-Impact of the hemispherical end of a vertical steel cylinder 11⁄4 inches in diameter and weighing 13 pounds, dropped from a height of 40 inches onto the exposed surface of the package which is expected to be most vulnerable to puncture. The long axis of the cylinder shall be perpendicular to the package surface.

9. Compression-For packages not exceeding 10,000 pounds in weight, a compressive load equal to either 5 times the weight of the package or 2 pounds per square inch multiplied by the maximum horizontal cross section of the package, whichever is greater. The load shall be applied during a period of 24 hours, uniformly against the top and bottom of the package in the position in which the package would normally be transported. [31 F.R. 9941, July 22, 1966, as amended at 33 F.R. 17623, Nov. 26, 1968]

APPENDIX B-HYPOTHETICAL ACCIDENT
CONDITIONS

The following hypothetical accident conditions are to be applied sequentially, in the order indicated, to determine their cumulative effect on a package or array of packages.

1. Free Drop-A free drop through a distance of 30 feet onto a flat essentially unyielding horizontal surface, striking the surface in a position for which maximum damage is expected.

2. Puncture-A free drop through a distance of 40 inches striking, in a position for which maximum damage is expected, the top end of a vertical cylindrical mild steel bar mounted on an essentially unyielding horizontal surface. The bar shall be 6 inches in diameter, with the top horizontal and its edge rounded to a radius of not more than one-quarter inch, and of such a length as to cause maximum damage to the package, but not less than 8 inches long. The long axis of the bar shall be perpendicular to the unyielding horizontal surface.

3. Thermal-Exposure to a thermal test in which the heat input to the package is not less than that which would result from exposure of the whole package to a radiation environment of 1,475° F. for 30 minutes with an emissivity coefficient of 0.9, assuming the surfaces of the package have an absorption coefficient of 0.8. The package shall not be cooled artificially until 3 hours after the test period unless it can be shown that the temperature on the inside of the package has begun to fall in less than 3 hours.

4. Water Immersion (fissile material packages only)-Immersion in water to the extent that all portions of the package to be tested are under at least 3 feet of water for a period of not less than 8 hours.

[31 F.R. 9941, July 22, 1966, as amended at 33 F.R. 17623, Nov. 26, 1968]

Erbium (68)..

[31 F.R. 9941, July 22, 1966, as amended at 33 F.R. 17623, Nov. 26, 1968]

APPENDIX D-TESTS FOR SPECIAL FORM LICENSED MATERIAL

1. Free Drop-A free drop through a distance of 30 feet onto a flat essentially unyielding horizontal surface, striking the surface in such a position as to suffer maximum damage.

2. Percussion-Impact of the flat circular end of a 1 inch diameter steel rod weighing pounds, dropped through a distance of 40 inches. The capsule or material shall be placed on a sheet of lead, of hardness number 3.5 to 4.5 on the Vickers scale, and not more than 1 inch thick, supported by a smooth essentially unyielding surface.

3. Heating Heating in air to a temperature of 1,475° F. and remaining at that temperature for a period of 10 minutes.

4. Immersion-Immersion for 24 hours in water at room temperature. The water shall be at pH 6-pH 8, with a maximum conductivity of 10 micromhos per centimeter.

[31 F.R. 9941, July 22, 1966, as amended at 33 F.R. 17624, Nov. 26, 1968]

Exemptions for certain quantities and kinds of special nuclear material. PHYSICAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

73.31 Physical protection of special nuclear material in transit.

RECORDS AND REPORTS

Reports of unaccounted for shipments, suspected theft, or unlawful diversion.

Appendix A-U.S. Atomic Energy Commission District Safeguards Offices.

AUTHORITY: The provisions of this Part 73 issued under sec. 161, 68 Stat. 948; 42 U.S.C. 2201. Interpret or apply secs. 53, 183, 68 Stat. 930, 954; 42 U.S.C. 2073, 2233.

SOURCE: The provisions of this Part 73 appear at 34 F.R. 6277, Apr. 9, 1969, unless otherwise noted.