A Comparative Grammar of the Sanscrit, Zend, Greek, Latin, Lithuanian, Gothic, German and Sclavonic Languages, Part 2 |
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Common terms and phrases
abbreviation accent according accusative adverbs analogy answers aorist appears augment auxiliary verb belongs Burnouf causal class of words cognate combination compounds conjugation conjunctive vowel consonant contraction corresponds corruption dative declension derivative diphthong dual euphonic expression final vowel formation future genitive gerund Gothic Greek Grimm Guna hence identical imperative imperfect infinitive languages Latin latter lengthened Lithuanian locative lost masculine meaning medial middle nasal neuter nominative occurs Old High German Old Prussian Old Sclavonic original oxytone passive participle perfect perhaps periphrasis person singular personal terminations Prakrit preceding prefix preposition present preterite primitive probably pronominal base pronoun properly radical vowel recognise reduplicated preterite regard relation remarked respect retained Sanscrit forms Sanscrit root scrit second person sibilant signifies special tenses stands suffix suppressed syllable of reduplication theme third person plural thou tion tive Ulfilas Vêda dialect Vêdic verb substantive Vocalismus weakening whence Yaçna Zend
Popular passages
Page 718 - ... do, and which I have endeavoured to the utmost of my ability to effect, was to trace, on one hand, the resemblances into the most retired corner of the construction of language, and, on the other hand, as far as possible, to refer the greater or less discrepancies to laws through which they became possible or necessary. It is, however, of itself evident, that there may exist languages which, in the interval of thousands of years in which they have been separated from the sources whence they arose,...
Page 680 - ... therefore to add, that as the verbal formations in aniya are used in almost every instance in the 1 Bopp (Comp. Gr., Eng. Ed., vo1. I., p. Ill,) assumes that the Sans, tishthdmi is a degradation of a primitive tasthdmi, and he explains the substitution of i for a, " on the ground that the reduplicative syllable, which is seeking generally for relief from weight, and therefore converting long into short vowels, may not mix up the heaviest among the short vowels with the weight derived from position.
Page 797 - That which in the old Slavonic has become a rule in the first person of the three numbers, viz. the gutturalization of an original s, may have occasionally taken place in the Greek, but carried throughout all numbers.
Page 955 - Bopp's Comparative Grammar of the Sanscrit, Zend, Greek, Latin, Lithuanian, Gothic, German, and Slavonic Languages.
Page 718 - Philology would ill perform its office if it accorded an original identity only to those idioms in which the mutual points of resemblance appear...
Page 718 - ... that a relationship exists between the two languages. The same kind of reasoning may be extended to several languages of the same family, or to several families of the same stock, to prove an affinity between them. § 12. ANALOGIES IN THE GOTHIC FAMILY, SHOWING THEIR AFFINITY.
Page 1193 - VARU&A performs the rite of preservation.* We desire him, as the guide of our way: (to him the repeater of praise) addresses praise, with his (whole) heart. May he, who is entitled to laudation, become our true (support). Heaven and earth, be conscious of this (my affliction). Varga xxiii. 16. The sun, who is, avowedly, made the path in heaven," is not to be disregarded, gods, by you;' but you, mortals, regard him not.
Page 529 - That which in Sanscrit signifies ' this,' means also for the most part ' that,' the mind supplying the place whether near or remote." We have already contended that here and there, hither and thither, &c., are in origin the same words. Again, the Latin alius or alls has commonly the sense of ' other,' denoting difference rather than similarity. But this sense seems to be one which is not well-adapted to explain the meaning of the...
Page 715 - Literature for the year 1820, that the Sanskrit has, in many points, experienced alterations where one or other of the European sister idioms has more truly transmitted to us the original form. Thus it is undoubtedly in accordance with a true retention of the original condition of the language that the Lithuanian diewas,
Page 608 - In the Vedas traces are apparent of a further elaboration of the moods into various tenses, and it may hence be inferred, that what the European languages, in their developement of the moods, have in excess over the Sanscrit and Zend, dates, at least in its origin, from the period of the unity of the language.