time Administration field offices with the Offices of Naval Operations, Deparı ment of the Navy, in connection with allocation and logistic support of merchant shipping. Plans to provide secure communications for inter-Maritime use with certain of its field locations are 90 percent completed. It is expected the final equipment will be installed at 10 Marad locations by October 1967, and 12 locations should be 100 percent complete by June 1968. Periodic testing of all communications facilities is performed on a scheduled basis. Completion of interim installation and initial operational testing of a secure East/West North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) link was obtained in June 1967.

CIVIL DEFENSE AND SELF-PROTECTION PROGRAM

Two hundred and forty instructor/monitors in the Washington and field offices have been trained in radiological monitoring. Twenty-four certificates for handling radioactive isotopes have been issued. The program at headquarters has been reorganized to conform with overall organization of the GAO Building. Selfprotection programs at the Atlantic and gulf coasts have been audited to determine compliance with the GSA Guide for Facility Self-Protection. The civil defense and self-protection officer attended the U.S. Army chemical-biological-radiological (CBR) weapons orientation course at Dugway, Utah.

EMERGENCY RELOCATION PROGRAM

Measures to upgrade and strengthen the capability level of all emergency relocation sites has continued. Relocation staffing requirements have been reviewed and revised. Organization and equipment for onsite damage assessment and analysis have been significantly improved. Several tests and exercises were held to evaluate program effectiveness.

NUCLEAR BOMB DAMAGE ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

The Maritime Administration provides the National Resource Analysis Center of the Office of Emergency Planning with input resource data totaling over 5,000 resource points. Input data are computerized for estimating damage assessments in event of actual nuclear attack and for probability studies of weapons effects, hypothetical nuclear attack case studies, and for special analysis for the military. A damage assessment organization has been formed and trained in assessment and evaluation techniques.

Computer data, based on an enlarged port facility inventory, have been updated for U.S. port facilities to reflect number of piers by type, number of berths, daily transshipment capacity by berth, number of transit sheds, transit shed floor space, number of petroleum tanks, petroleum storage capacity, other liquid bulk storage capacity, and grain storage capacity. In addition, computer data have been prepared for other maritime resources including: (1) Reserve Fleet sites by type and tonnage of ships; (2) shipbuilding and repair yards having contracts with the Maritime Administration; (3) emergency dispersal anchorages; and (4) maritime component manufacturers, showing staff strength and line items manufactured.

NATIONAL DEFENSE EXECUTIVE RESERVE

The Maritime Administration's National Defense Executive Reserve program is designed to recruit executives from the marine industry for key emergency assignments in the principal categories of ship operations, ship construction and repair, and port operations. The authorized complement is 360, of which approximately 315 designations have been finalized or committed. Approximately 75 reservists attended regional training conferences conducted by the Office of Emergency Planning during this reporting period. Efforts were intensified to furnish reservists with information relating to their emergency responsibilities and on matters concerning the agency's plans and readiness posture.

INTERNATIONAL MOBILIZATION ACTIVITIES

The Planning Board for Ocean Shipping (PBOS), at its 19th plenary meeting held in London, April 17-20, 1967, approved the Wartime Shipping Organization providing for the staffing of the two Defense Shipping Executive Board branches (DSEB East and DSEB West) on a multinational basis.

RELATIONSHIP OF INDUSTRIAL PROCUREMENT PLANNING TO SMALL BUSINESS

The procurement planning in the preparedness program is concerned with inventories of manufacturing sources of marine equipment and its dispersal and with stockpiles of essential spare parts. The mobilization procurement agreements are designed to include the participation and utilization of production capabilities of small business establishments.

AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS

Funds are made available from the regular appropriations of the agency for such mobilization activities as are carried out. No special provision has been requested to supplement the work of our regular staff in the defense production and mobilization area. D. TECHNICAL SERVICES

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES

The emergency programs of the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA) are conducted to insure continuity of its essential functions under all conditions of national emergency. However, the two components that would be affected most by a limited or general war situation are the Weather Bureau and the Coast and Geodetic Survey. Both have war emergency responsibilities and perform essential functions in support of civil and military requirements in a war emergency. Although the other three major line components of ESSA, namely the Environmental Data Service, Institutes for Environmental Research and National Environmental Satellite Center, are not specifically covered under the various emergency authorities, this by no means discounts their importance in the overall emergency readiness planning program. The scientific data and support they furnish to the Weather Bureau and Coast and Geodetic Survey are of great assistance to both Bureaus in carrying out their emergency responsibilities.

Under Executive Order 10999 the Weather Bureau is charged with the responsibility of preparing and issuing currently, as well as in an emergency, forecasts and estimates of areas likely to be covered by radioactive fallout in event of attack and to make this information available to the Federal, State, and local authorities for public dissemination.

The Secretary of Commerce has delegated to the Weather Bureau the responsibility for providing the detection, identification, monitoring, and reporting of chemical, biological, and radiological agents at facilities operated or controlled by the Bureau.

The Coast and Geodetic Survey has been assigned the responsibility for furnishing essential nautical and aeronautical charts of the United States, its territories and possessions, to meet military and civil needs during a national emergency; conducting hydrographic surveys, geodetic control surveys, tide and current surveys, photogrammetric surveys; processing geographic, geomagnetic, gravity, seismological, and tide and current data; location of aids to air navigation; and the production of special purpose charts.

Authorities: DMO 1-8, F.R. 875, February 16, 1954 (par. 2(i)); section 16 of the act of May 22, 1917 (40 Stat. 88; 33 U.S.C. 858) under which were issued "Regulations Governing Cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey with the Armed Services," February 12, 1954, as amended, and "Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Defense and the Department of Commerce in Regard to the Utilization of the Facilities of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in the Event of National Emergency," as revised April 25, 1963.

PROGRAM SUMMARIES

FALLOUT PREDICTION

The Weather Bureau performs routinely twice daily an electronic computer program for the determination of fallout wind trajectories for use by Federal State, and local civil defense units. This program fills the requirement of Executive Order 10999 and meets the training and planning needs of civil defense units. It is effective within the limits of machine operations. The need for the service is continuous so long as there is a requirement for civil defense readiness. Fallout wind trajectories as produced under this program would be useful in

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event of nuclear incidents from peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Capability to compute these data by hand methods at the point of observation is maintained as back-up to the computer program to further insure their availability in an emergency.

RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING

All Weather Bureau offices and installations are equipped with instruments for the monitoring of radiological fallout and sufficient personnel are fully trained in the operation of the instruments to insure performance of this responsibility. Weekly operational checks are made to maintain this capability.

EMERGENCY CHART PRODUCTION

In order to fulfill its responsibilities for supplying marine navigation and aeronautical charts in a general war or nuclear attack, the Coast and Geodetic Survey is endeavoring to provide for continuity of essential chart production functions now performed in Washington, D.C., by soliciting agreements of cooperation for the reproduction of same in a war emergency from commercial lithographic plants in widely dispersed areas. The importance of this program in the overall defense plan cannot be overemphasized in view of the military and civil transportation requirements for aeronautical and nautical charts. Production of these charts in support of the civil and military agencies during and following a war emergency is of strategic importance to the welfare of this country. Unfortunately, ESSA has no emergency reserves or printing facilities outside of its Washington headquarters to insure production of charts in the event that this facility is destroyed or damaged. However, the ability to produce vital charts for air and sea transportation in a limited war situation appears to be satisfactory. It is not contemplated that any problems arising from limited or conventional war could not be met.

CHART STOCKPILING

A mobilization reserve of a limited number of the essential nautical charts is stored in a warehouse at the headquarters emergency relocation site for immediate use until such time when reproduction can be resumed. A substantial number of charts is required, and a considerable cost is involved in printing, storing, and maintaining an adequate stockpile of charts for emergency use. Furthermore, charts must be kept current by replacing editions as they become obsolete, adding to the cost and manpower requirements. At the present time this program has been only partially completed primarily because funds have not been appropriated. Plans have also been developed to store sizable amounts of chart paper and supplies as mobilization reserve stock, based on requirements furnished by civil and military users. Additional warehouse facilities in nontarget areas are needed, and a survey of such facilities was made but present budget will not support the plan.

PLANS AND OPERATIONS

Limited war readiness includes a competency and staff parallel to the Washington office for ruling grids, detailing map and chart topography, and revising charts which is maintained in two of the field offices, one on the east coast and the other on the west coast of the United States. Other essential functions of ESSA including survey and scientific data collecting activities (survey ships, field parties, and weather stations) are adequately dispersed. Standby orders for emergency use are prepositioned at all headquarters and field levels and the chain of command under varying circumstances is clearly defined. To further insure the Environmental Science Services Administration of a capability to function in an emergency, relocation sites have been established in nontarget areas for the headquarters operations and the primary field organizations of ESSA. Personnel have been designated for strategic and emergency alert conditions to staff the main relocation sites. The regional and field organization of ESSA is oriented to the departmental organization for emergency planning at the OEP regional level. Principals and alternates have been appointed to the advisory staffs of the department emergency regional coordinators from the ESSA field and regional offices. Essential records, including meteorological, hydrological, oceanographic, hydrographic, geodetic, budget and fiscal, and reproduction copy for the production of charts, and so forth, are maintained on a current basis in security storage at widely scattered repositories throughout the country. Two of these repositories are at hardened sites.

ESSA is participating at all levels in civil defense training. Personnel have received training and have a designated assignment under the emergency plan in

first aid, rescue, firefighting, radiological defense, evacuation procedures, and communications.

In general, ESSA is fairly well prepared to carry out its responsibilities in a war emergency. However, there are some areas where there is need for improvement, primarily in the stockpiling of critical supplies for use in the reproduction of nautical and aeronautical charts, and the acquisition of suitable facilities for storing these materials. Lack of budget support has also curtailed the completion of this portion of the program.

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

EMERGENGY RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES

Under Executive Order 10999, the Bureau of the Census is responsible for conducting such censuses and surveys as may be required in a national emergency. Although the Bureau of the Census does not have a direct program responsibility under the Defense Production Act, it has the responsibility to provide statistical support for the mobilization programs of other agencies.

PROGRAM SUMMARIES

POSTATTACK SURVEYS

Under contract, the Bureau designed for the Office of Civil Defense a sample to be used for a postattack population survey. OCD is now discussing with the Census Bureau the possibility of additional work to be done in conjunction with this survey.

CURRENT SUPPORT TO OTHER AGENCIES

It is assumed that other agencies will report on their programs for which the Bureau of the Census provided statistical data during the fiscal year. In order to illustrate the kinds of specialized services which the Bureau is uniquely qualified to supply for emergency planning and mobilization purposes, a brief description of some of this statistical support follows:

Processed data on the national fallout shelter survey for the Office of Civil Defense.

Collected and processed data on the home fallout protection survey for the Office of Civil Defense.

Provided two employees to the National Resource Analysis Center who were responsible for maintaining up-to-date census data used for damage assessment purposes.

Census employees supervised the extraction of data from the 1963 economic censuses for use at the National Resource Analysis Center. Data extracted covered small manufacturing plants, wholesale and retail establishments, and selected service establishments.

Census employees supervised the extraction of data for large manufacturing plants from the 1965 annual survey of manufactures for use at the National Resource Analysis Center.

Collected production data through special surveys for the Business and Defense Services Administration.

Continued to compute area measurements of standard location areas for use in damage assessment programs.

CHANGE IN READINESS MEASURES AND ORGANIZATION

The first draft of new emergency readiness plan has been reviewed and a second draft prepared. It is expected that the final plan will be printed and distributed to emergency readiness personnel within the next few months.

PROGRAM RELATIONSHIPS TO SMALL BUSINESS

Census programs do not relate directly to small business. However the Bureau has available an accumulation of statistical data on small business which may be very useful in emergency situations.

AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS

There is a continuing problem in obtaining adequate financial support for the emergency readiness program.

OFFICE OF FIELD SERVICES

EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES

The Office of Field Services, through 42 field offices, supports in the field, the industrial mobilization programs of the Business and Defense Services Administration (BDSA). This role would be greatly expanded in the event of an all-out mobilization. The authority for this program is contained in Executive orders issued pursuant to the Defense Production Act. During the reporting period the Office of Field Services carried out the following mobilization activities: Assistance to BDSA

The Office of Field Services assisted BDSA in the recruiting and training of BDSA executive reservists; and cooperated with BDSA in holding defense materials system conferences for businessmen in all parts of the country.

Assistance to U.S. business firms

Assistance was provided to businessmen needing information on the Defense materials system and the procedures for applying for critical materials from the Government stockpile.

Mobilization training

The field office directors participated in Office of Emergency Planning and BDSA executive working conferences.

Emergency readiness

Arrangements were made with the Office of Civil Defense and the General Services Administration to begin stocking of the 42 field office emergency relocation sites with food and water and other equipment for emergency operations. All of the designated relocatees of the 42 field offices were provided with civil defense identification cards. The field office plans for relocation were reviewed and brought up to date. The field offices were made responsible for alerting executive reservists having local and regional line of succession emergency positions.

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The National Bureau of Standards has no direct responsibilities stemming specifically from the Defense Production Act. It has functions designated as essential to be continued in an emergency, consisting of such activities as the provision and calibration of standards for military and essential civilian production (there is a standby capability at numerous points in the United States), the provision of specialized services for the Department of Defense, Office of Emergency Planning, and other agencies on military materials, restoration of industrial potential, and evaluation of devices and proposals. This report is therefore confined to a brief statement of emergency relocation plans.

The emergency organization, functions, and authorities of NBS are described in the National Bureau of Standards and the Department of Commerce continuity of operations plans. Essentially the Bureau plan provides an emergency readiness organization responsible for insuring advance preparations for discontinuing nonessential operations, moving rapidly into emergency conditions, and providing interim supervision following an emergency. An emergency operations organization of certain key personnel has been designated and will be located at the emergency relocation headquarters of the Department of Commerce and at the Boulder Laboratories of the Bureau at Boulder, Colo.

The National Bureau of Standards facilities at Gaithersburg, Md., and its physical distance from Washington, D.C. also gives the Bureau a substantial postattack survival capability for the continuity of operations.

E. BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE

EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES

The Bureau of International Commerce is charged with support of mobilization efforts of other agencies mainly through its export control program. The Export Control Act of 1949, as amended, requires that controls on exports be utilized to prevent excessive drain of scarce materials and reduce the inflationary impact of abnormal foreign demand.