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Low explosives.

Rifle grenades.

Wet diazodinitrophenol.

Wet fulminate of mercury.

Wet guanyl nitrosamino guanylidene hydrazine.
Wet lead azide.

Wet lead styphnate.

Wet nitro mannite.

Wet nitrosoguanidine.

Wet pentaerythrite tetranitrate.

Wet tetrazene.

(2) Less dangerous explosives:

Ammunition for cannon with empty projectiles.

Ammunition for cannon with sand-loaded projectiles.

Ammunition for cannon with solid projectiles.

Ammunition for cannon without projectiles.

Fireworks.

Smokeless powder for cannon.

Smokeless powder for small arms.

(3) Relatively safe explosives:

(Number) blasting caps--

(Number) blasting caps with In quantity not exceeding 1,000

safety fuse.

(Number)

caps--

electric

Cannon primers.

Combination fuzes.

Combination primers.

Cordeau detonant.

Delay electric igniters.

Electric squibs.

blasting

caps. The number of caps must be shown.

Empty cartridge bags-black-powder igniters.

Empty cartridge shells, primed.

Empty grenades, primed.

Fuse igniters.

Fuse lighters.

Instantaneous fuse.

Percussion caps.

Percussion fuzes.

Safety squibs.

Small-arms ammunition.

Small-arms primers.

Time fuzes.
Tracer fuzes.

[As amended Dec. 15, 1931, Jan. 13, 1934, July 23, 1935, Mar. 12, 1936, 1 F.R. 48]

(b) Articles offered in proper condition for transportation. Explosives and other dangerous articles, when offered for shipment, must be in proper condition for transportation and must be packed,

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marked, labeled, described, certified, loaded, stayed, and handled while in transit in accordance with the regulations in Parts 72-80.*+ [Pars. 620, 621]

80.269 Examination of shipping orders and packages. (a) Carriers must examine shipping orders and packages offered for transportation to see that the regulations have been complied with, proper specification containers used, and that packages are in proper condition for transportation.

(b) Forwarding companies must have on file shipper's certified bill of lading or shipping order, and know that packages delivered to carrier for transportation comply with the regulations in Parts 72-80. Shipments must be properly loaded, and cars placarded as prescribed herein, when delivered to carriers.* [Pars. 622, 623]

80.270 Labels. (a) All packages containing dangerous articles other than explosives, named in the lists, §§ 80.106 (b), 80.130 (c), 80.150 (b), 80.170 (b), 80.191, and similar articles defined by §§ 80.106 (a), 80.130 (a), (b), 80.150 (a), 80.170 (a), 80.190, must be conspicuously labeled by the shipper, except as follows:

(1) When exempted by §§ 80.107, 80.131, 80.151, 80.171, 80.192. (2) When exempted by §§ 80.113, 80.137, 80.156. Packages must, however, be plainly marked "No Label Required."

(3) On packages in carload shipments to be unloaded by the consignee, except poisonous articles, class A, chemical ammunition, and poisonous articles, class C. When it is known that subsequent shipments of these packages in less-than-carload quantities will probably be made by the consignee, the original shipper should attach labels to the packages or mark them "No Label Required" as would be required for less-than-carload shipments.

(4) Labels must not be applied to packages containing articles which are not subject to the regulations in Parts 72-80 nor to packages which are exempted from labels.

(5) Shippers must not use labels which by their size, shape, and color, may readily be confused with the standard caution labels prescribed herein.

(6) Labels must be of diamond shape with each side 4 inches long. The color is red for inflammable liquids and compressed inflammable gases, yellow for inflammable solids and oxidizing materials, green for noninflammable compressed gases, white with black lettering for corrosive liquids, and white with red lettering for poisons, including separate labels for tear gases. Labels must conform to standards as to size, printing, and color, and samples will be furnished, on request, by the Bureau of Explosives. (See §§ 80.112, 80.136, 80.155, 80.176, 80.205.)

(b) Carriers must keep on hand an adequate supply of labels. Lost or detached labels must be replaced from information given on revenue or other waybill.** [Pars. 624, 625]

80.271 Waybills. (a) The carrier must see that each shipment of explosives is properly described on the shipping order and on the

*For statutory citation, see note to § 80.1.

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revenue waybill under one of the names in the list of "shipping names," § 80.268 (a) and that the correct gross weight is given. Abbreviations must not be used.

(b) (1) The revenue waybill or astray waybill for a shipment, and the card waybill and envelope containing waybill when used as a card waybill, or any other billing or ticket for a car containing any of the dangerous explosives included in list § 80.268 (a) (1) must have plainly stamped or plainly written on the face and near the car number, in letters not less than three-eighths of an inch high, the word "Explosives."

(2) The revenue waybill and astray waybill for a shipment, and the card waybill and envelope containing waybill when used as a card waybill, or any other billing or ticket for a car containing any of the less dangerous explosives included in list § 80.268 (a) (2) must have plainly stamped or plainly written on the face and near the car number, in letters not less than three-eighths of an inch high, the word "Inflammable."

(3) No indorsements are required on revenue waybills, card waybills, or any other billing for shipments or for cars containing any of the relatively safe explosives included in list § 80.268 (a) (3).

(c) (1) The revenue billing, or any other billing issued in lieu thereof, prepared from the shipping order, for dangerous articles as defined in the regulations in Parts 72-80, must properly describe these articles as prescribed herein, and state for less-than-carload shipments the color or kind of label applied. For carload shipments, with or without labels, as permitted by § 80.270 (a) (3), or carloads containing any quantity of dangerous articles, the revenue billing, or billing issued in lieu thereof, prepared from the shipping order, must show the kind of placard applied. shipper's certificate must be in possession of the initial carrier when these endorsements or label notations are made on original billing. [As amended Oct. 14, 1932]

The

(2) The revenue waybill, or any other billing issued in lieu thereof, for any dangerous article requiring "Red" or "Yellow" label, or for carloads requiring "Inflammable" placard, must also have plainly stamped or plainly written on the face thereof, near the car number, in letters not less than three-eighths of an inch high, the word "Inflammable"; or for any dangerous article requiring white "Acid" or "Corrosive Liquid" label; or "Corrosive Liquid" placard, the words "Acid" or "Corrosive Liquid"; or for poisonous articles requiring the "Poison" label or the "Poison" placard, the word "Poisonous"; or for poisonous articles requiring the "Poison Gas" label or "Poison Gas" placard, the words "Poison Gas." (See paragraph (d) (1) of this section for endorsement on billing for cars placarded "Compressed Gas.") [As amended Jan. 13, 1934]

(d) No endorsements are required on waybills for articles bearing green or tear-gas labels. (1) The car ticket, card waybill, running slip, envelope containing waybills, or any other billing for any loaded car which under the regulations in Parts 72-80, should bear "Inflammable," "Acid," "Corrosive Liquid," "Compressed Gas," "Poison Gas," or "Poisonous" placards must have plainly stamped or plainly written on the face of such billing, near the car number, in letters not less Page 1060

than three-eighths of an inch high, the word or words "Inflammable," "Acid," "Corrosive Liquid," "Compressed Gas," "Poison Gas," or "Poisonous," according to shipment made. [Ás amended Oct. 14, 1932]

(2) For tank cars not loaded, the billing must show the word "Empty."*+ [Pars. 626-629 (b)]

80.272 Switching ticket for other than explosives. When the initial movement is a switching operation, the switching ticket, and copies thereof, prepared by the shipper, or by the carrier under the shipper's written authority, must bear the shipper's certificate and the placard notation prescribed by §§ 80.265, 80.266; for other switching movement, the switching ticket prepared by a railway employee must show the kind of placard required. [Par. 629 (c)]

80.273 Cars for dangerous explosives. For the transportation of any dangerous explosives included in list § 80.268 (a) (1), only closed cars, certified and placarded "Explosives," may be used.** [Par. 630]

80.274 Certified car placarded "Explosives”—(a) Certified cars for dangerous explosives. Certified cars must be inspected inside and outside and must conform to the following specifications:

(1) Closed cars of not less than 80,000 pounds capacity, with steel underframes and friction draft gear, must be used when available, except that on narrow-gage and other railroads, explosives may be transported in cars of less than that capacity, provided the available cars of greatest capacity and strength are used for this purpose;

(2) Must be equipped with air brakes and hand brakes in condition for service;

(3) Must have no loose boards or cracks in the roof, sides, or ends, through which sparks may enter, or unprotected decayed spots liable to hold sparks and start a fire.

(4) The doors must shut so closely that no sparks can get in at the joints, and, when necessary, they must be stripped. The stripping for doors should be on the inside and be fastened to the door frames where it will form a shoulder against which the closed doors are pressed by means of wedges or cleats in door shoes or keepers. The openings under the doors should be similarly closed. The hasp fastenings must be examined with doors closed and fastened, and the doors must be cleated when necessary to prevent doors shifting. When the car is opened for any cause, wedges or cleats must be replaced before car containing explosives is permitted to proceed.

(5) The journal boxes and trucks must be carefully examined and put in such condition as to reduce to a minimum the danger of hot boxes or other failure necessitating the setting out of the car before reaching destination. The lids or covers of journal boxes must be in place.

(6) The car must be carefully swept out before it is loaded. For less-than-carload shipments the space in which the packages are to be loaded must be carefully swept. Holes in the floor or lining must be repaired and special care taken to have no projecting nails or bolts or exposed pieces of metal which may work loose or produce holes in packages of explosives during transit. Protruding nails in

*For statutory citation, see note to § 80.1.

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the floor or lining which have worked loose must be drawn, and if necessary for the purpose of fastening the floor or lining, new nails must be driven through other parts thereof.

(7) When packages of explosives are to be loaded over exposed draft bolts or kingbolts, these bolts must have short pieces of solid, sound wood with beveled ends (2-inch plank) spiked to the floor over them (or empty packages of the same character may be used for this purpose) to prevent the possibility of their wearing into packages of explosives.

(8) The roof of the car must be carefully inspected from the outside for decayed spots or broken boards, especially under or near the running board, and such spots must be covered or repaired to prevent their holding fire from sparks. A car with a roof generally decayed, even if tight, must not be used.

(9) The carrier must have the car examined by a competent employee to see that it is properly prepared, and must have a "Car Certificate" signed in triplicate upon the prescribed form (see paragraph (f) of this section) before permitting the car to be loaded. (10) Cars not in proper condition, as above specified, must not be furnished to the shipper or used for the transportation of explosives. (b) Inspected cars for dangerous explosives certified by carrier. A car must not be loaded with any of the dangerous explosives named in § 80.268 (a) (1) until it shall have been thoroughly inspected by a competent employee of the carrier who shall certify as to its proper condition under the regulations in Parts 72-80 and shall sign certificate No. 1 prescribed in § 80.274 (f).

(c) Inspected cars for dangerous explosives certified by shipper. After a certified car as prescribed herein has been furnished by the carrier, the shipper or his authorized employee must, before commencing the loading of any such car, inspect the interior thereof and after loading certify to the proper condition as specified in paragraph (a), and sign certificate No. 2 of the car certificate prescribed by paragraph (f).

(d) Loading of dangerous explosives certified by carrier. For all shipments loaded by the shipper, he or his authorized agent must sign certificate No. 2 and a competent employee of the carrier must inspect the finished load and certify to its compliance with the regulations in Parts 72-80 before the car shall be accepted for transportation; and certificate No. 2, as prescribed by paragraph (f), shall be signed before the car is permitted to go forward. When a car is loaded by the carrier, certificate No. 2 must be signed only by the representative of the carrier.

(e) Certificates not signed until requirements met. The certificates as prescribed herein must not be signed by the carrier's or shipper's representative unless the condition of any car covered thereby meets the requirements of the regulations in Parts 72-80.

(f) Certificates and records-(1) Car certificate. The following certificate, printed on strong tag board measuring 7 by 7 inches, must be duly executed in triplicate by the carrier, and by the shipper if he loads the shipment; the original must be filed by the carrier at the forwarding station on a separate file; and the other two must be

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