5

4 | Mr. Pike to Mr. June 16 Inclosing copies of proclamations about to
Seward.

be issued by government, which prohibit
privateers, or their prizes, from entering
Dutch ports, except in distress; adhere to
declaration of Paris of 1856, in refusing to
recognize commissions or letters of marque;
forbid subjects to engage in privateering
on pain of prosecution at home and being
treated as pirates abroad, or to carry con-
traband of war or dispatches of either
belligerent on pain of losing the protection
of his Majesty's government.

9

1861.
7 Mr. Perry to Mr. June 19 Inclosing copy of royal decree, which pro-
Seward.

claims neutrality; forbids all arming,
equipping, or providing of privateers,
under any flag, in Spanish ports; or ac-
ceptance of letters of marque by Spanish
subjects; or entry into Spanish ports of
privateers or prizes, except in distress;
or the sale of captured goods in said ports;
or blockade-running, carrying contraband
of war and dispatches for either party; or
enlistment of Spanish subjects in belli-
gerent service, on pain of prosecution at

home, and loss of protection of government. 56 Mr. Savage to Sept. 6 Inclosing copies of correspondence with ConMr. Seward.

sul Martin, at Matanzas, in reference to the
entry into that port of vessels bearing the
confederate flag; also copy of decree of
Captain General of Cuba, permitting entry
of such vessels to discharge and take on
cargoes in the ports of Cuba, provided
their papers excite no suspicion of piracy
or other crime against the law of nations,
and regarding such vessels as coming from
a country which has no accredited consul
in Cuban territory. Mr. Savage has made
no communication to the authorities on
the subject.

10

GENERAL APPENDIX No. II.

Hasty recognition of rebel belligerency. By George Bemis.

12 14

23

Preface..
The new position of the British ministry-

that the American proclamation of block-
ade of the confederate ports necessitated
the Queen's proclamation of neutrality-
an afterthought.
The Ainerican proclamation of blockade not

the occasion of the recognition of confed-
erate belligerency, because, supposing the
former to have been officially commu-
nicated, it was not known to have been
enforced at the date of the latter; and,
furthermore, if enforced, was not such an
act as ought to have been internationally

treated as an act of war.
Correction of various misstatements of His-

toricus in his article of March 22, and
incidental notice of Earl Russell's dis-

patch to Lord Lyons of March 6, 1861.
The recognition of confederate belligerency

not a bygone, but a continuing reality.
Appendix—the neutrality of England-com-
munication of Historicus to the London

Times of March 22, 1865.
British neutrality-hasty recognition of rebel

belligerency and our right to complain ofit.

26

32

33

37

47

1865.
Mr. Vernon Har- Jan. 5 “Confetlerate menaces against neutralrights.”
court.

Article of Historicus in the London Times,
of January 16, 1865.

GENERAL APPENDIX No. IV.

The bark Maury at New York.

53

Mr. Crampton to

Mr. Marcy.

55

Mr. Hunter to • Mr. Cushing

Mr. Cushing to

Mr. McKeon.

55

55

Mr. Cushing to

Mr. Marcy.

55

Mr. McKeon to

Mr. Barclay.
Mr. McKeon to

Mr. Redfield.

1855.
Oct. 11 Inclosing depositions of Mr. Barclay, British

consul at New York, and others, in refer-
ence to the bark Maury, alleged to be
fitting out for the Russian government,
and asking the United States government
to investigate the facts, and should the
charges be confirmed, to take measures to
defeat hostile intentions of the persons
engaged in fitting out said vessel. "Atten-
tion is also asked to Mr. Barclay's state-
ment that a plan exists for equipping
similar vessels in other United States

ports.
Oct. 12 Inclosing copy of Mr. Crampton's note of

October 11, with accompanying affidavits,

in reference to bark Maury.
Oct. 12 Telegraphic order to take information from

Mr. Barclay, and prosecute bark Maury if

cause appears.
Oct. 12 Notifying Secretary of State of instructions

sent to United States attorney at New

York in respect to bark Maury.
Oct. 13 | Requesting information in reference to bark

Maury.
Oct. 13 Asking an inspector to be sent on boarel bark

Maury to examine her cargo, and that her
clearance be delayed until inspector's

report is received.
Oct. 13 Inclosing copy of Mr. Crampton's note of the

11th in regard to the bark Maury, referred

to in telegram of 12th.
Oct. 15 Inclosing report of inspectors who examined

the bark Maury.
Oct. 16 Notifying him that a libel has been prepared

against the bark Maury in consequence of
charges of British minister, and that
verification of the pleading ly some one
representing British government is neces-

sary.
Oct. 17 Reporting that a libel was that day filed in

United States district court against the
bark Maury under third section of neu-

trality act of April 20, 1818.
Oct. 17 Requesting a careful examination and report

as to cargo of the bark Maury, intimating
that munitions of war are supposed to be
stowed under the coal in her hold.

56

56

Mr. Cushing to

Mr. McKeon.

56

Mr. Benedict to

Mr. Redfield.
Mr. McKeon to

Mr. Edwards.

57

57

Mr. McKeon to

Mr. Cushing.

57

58

58

59

59

1855.
Mr. A. A. Low to Oct. 18 Sworn statement of Mr. Low and Nathan B.
Mr. McKeon.

Palmer explaining the construction and
armament of the bark Maury, and pledging
themselves to prove to the satisfaction of
the British consul that the charges against
said bark are groundless. Requesting,
also, that in case of such satisfactory

proof the consul bear the expense thereof. Mr. Hillyer to Oct. 19 | Reporting examination of cargo of bark Mr. McKeon.

Maury and stating that should it be found
necessary to overhaul it thoroughly and
take out the coal, the expense would prob-
ably reach one hundred and fifty or two

hundred dollars.
Mr. Edwards to Oct. 19 Expressing satisfaction with Mr. Low's
Mr. McKeon.

statement, and his opinion that the libel

against bark Maury should be lifted.
Mr. McKeon to Oct. 19 Inclosing statement of one of the firm of
Mr. Cushing.

A. A. Low Brothers, owners of the bark
Maury, and letter of Mr. Edwards in ref-
erence to that vessel; also, stating that
he had discharged the vessel, and asking

approval of Attorney General.
Mr. Cushing to Oct. 19 Inclosing Mr. McKeon's letter of this date in
Mr. Marcy.

reference to bark Maury. Mr. Cushing to Oct. 22 Acknowledging receipt of his letter of 19th Mr. McKeon.

and approving his course therein described. Mr. Cushing to Oct. 22 Communicating history and result of proMr. Marcy.

ceedings in case of bark Maury, and giv-
ing a resumé of affidavits, statements, and
explanations in said case. Inclosing
copies of Mr. McKeon's report on affida-
vits subunitted by parties interested in
Maury and Mr. Edward's letter to Mr.

McKeon.
Messrs. A. A. Low

Giving statement of proceedings in case of & Brothers to

bark Maury, and inclosing card from Mr.
Mr. Stevens.

Barclay, published in New York Herald,
denying that munitions were found “con-
cealed under a quantity of cotton
board," and stating that had the Messrs.
Low's explanations been given sooner, the
course adopted would not have been re-
sorted to. Messrs. Low complain of the
character of the proceedings against their
vessel, and of the insufficiency of Mr. Bar-

clay's apology.

1838. Act of Congress.. Mar. 10 Concerning punishment of military expedi

tions against the conterminous territory , of foreign governments at peace with the

United States.

59

59

61

on

62

GENERAL APPENDIX No. V.

Rights accorded to neutral and rights claimed by belligerents.

64

1854. The President to May 11 Transmitting report of the Secretary of State, the House of

with accompanying papers, in response to
Represent's.

resolution of the 1st instant. H. Ex. Doc.
No. 103, 33d Congress, 1 sess.

64

64

65

66

1854.
Mr. Marcy to the May 11 Transmitting copies of correspondence be-
President.

tween United States and foreign govern-
ments concerning rights of neutrals and
of belligerents in the pending war with
Europe. Called for by resolution of the

House of Representatives of the 1st instant.
Mr. Crampton to Apr. 21 Stating that the English and French gov-
Mr. Marcy.

ernments have decided not to issue letters
of marque, &c., in the war with Russia.
Inclosing a copy of Queen's proclamation
asserting her right to seize contraband of
war and maintain blockade as against
neutrals; but waiving her right to seize
enemy's property on board of neutral, or
neutral property on board of enemy's
ships, and to issue letters of marque. Her
Majesty's government confidently trusts
that the United States will observe the

strictest neutrality.
Count de Sar- | Apr. 28 Stating that the French and English gov-
tiges to
Mr.

ernments have decided not to issue letters
Marcy.

of marque, &c., in the war with Russia,
and inclosing copy of the Emperor's pro-
clamation, identical in terms with that of
the Queen of England. His Majesty con-
fidently trusts that the United States will

observe the strictest neutrality.
Mr. Marcy to Mr. Apr. 28 | Acknowledging receipt of his note of the
Crampton.

21st, covering copy of Queen's proclama-
tion in reference to rules of conduct to be
observed in war with Russia. These com-
munications having been submitted to
the President, he expresses his satisfac-
tion that the doctrine of " free ships make
free goods," so long contended for by
United States, has received qualified sanc-
tion of Great Britain and France, and his
wish that it might be henceforth fully
recognized as a rule of international law.
The United States desire to unite with
other powers in a declaration to that ef-
fect. The United States will observe the
strictest neutrality in the fortlıcoming
war, and will rigidly enforce obedience to

its laws upon that subject.
Mr. Crampton to May 9 Inclosing copy of the London Gazette of the
Mr. Marcy.

18th ultimo, containing two orders of the
Queen, extending to the 15th instant the
time allowed for Russian ships to clear
from, and bring cargoes to, Great Britain
from Russian ports not blockaded, and
granting additional facilities to trade with

such ports.
25 | Mr. Buchanan to Feb. 24 Detailing conversation with Lord Clarendon
Mr. Marcy.

in reference to course to be pursued by Great Britain with regard to nentrals during impending war. Lord Clarendon said that subject was before cabinet, but not yet decided. Decision shonld be at once communicated to Mr. Buchanan. Mr. Buchanan contended for the American doctrine of “freo ships, free goods." and referred to the evil consequences hitherto

68