with guidelines furnished by the Secretary of Defense and return the reports with determinations and comments to the Secretary of the appropriate Military Department. (39) Advise the Secretary of Defense on the establishment of career guidelines for officers with the joint specialty. (40) Submit to the Secretary of Defense an evaluation of the joint duty performance of officers recommended for an initial appointment to the grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral, or initial appointment as general or admiral. (41) Promulgate Joint Chiefs of Staff publications (JCS Pubs) to provide military guidance for joint activities of the Armed Forces. (42) Review the plans and programs of the Commanders of Unified and Specified Combatant Commands to determine their adequacy and feasibility for the performance of assigned missions. (43) Provide military guidance for use by the Military Departments, the Military Services, and the Defense Agencies in the preparation of their respective detailed plans. (44) Participate, as directed, in the preparation of combined plans for military action in conjunction with the armed forces of other nations. (45) Determine the headquarters support, such as facilities, personnel, and communications, required by unified and specified combatant commands, and recommend the assignment to the Military Departments of the responsibilities for providing such support. (46) Prepare and submit to the Secretary of Defense, for information and consideration, general strategic guidance for the development of industrial and manpower mobilization programs. (47) Prepare and submit to the Secretary of Defense military guidance for use in the development of military aid programs and other actions relating to foreign military forces. (48) Formulate policies for the joint training of the Armed Forces. (49) Assess joint military requirements for command, control and communications, recommend improvements, and provide guidance on aspects that relate to the conduct of joint operations. (50) Prepare and submit to the Secretary of Defense, for information and consideration in connection with the preparation of budgets, statements of military requirements based upon U.S. strategic war plans. These statements of requirements shall include tasks, priority of tasks, force requirements, and general strategic guidance for developing military installations and bases, and for equipping and maintaining military forces. (51) In carrying out his functions, duties, and responsibilities, the Chairman, JCS shall, as he considers appropriate, consult with and seek the advice of the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Commanders of the Unified and Specified Combatant Commands. (52) Perform such other duties as the President or the Secretary of Defense may prescribe. (b) The other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff are military advisers to the President, the National Security Council, and the Secretary of Defense as specified below: (1) A member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff may submit to the Chairman advice or an opinion in disagreement with, or in addition to the advice or opinion presented by the Chairman. If a member submits such advice or opinion, the Chairman shall present that advice or opinion to the President, Secretary of Defense, or National Security Council, at the same time that he presents his own advice. The Chairman will also, as he considers appropriate, inform the President, the National Security Council, or the Secretary of Defense of the range of military advice and opinion with respect to any matter. (2) The members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, individually or collectively, in their capacity as military advisers, will provide advice to the President, the National Security Council, or the Secretary of Defense on a particular matter when the President, the National Security Council, or the Secretary of Defense requests such advice. (c) The Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff shall perform such duties as may be prescribed by the Chairman with the approval of the Secretary of Defense. When there is a vacancy in the Office of the Chairman or in the absence or disability of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman acts as Chairman and performs the duties of the Chairman until a successor is appointed or the absence or disability ceases. §368.5 Functions of the Unified and Specified Combatant Commanders. (a) Unless otherwise directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense, the authority, direction, and control of the Commander of a Unified or Specified Combatant Command with respect to the commands and forces assigned to that command include the command functions of: (1) Giving authoritative directions to subordinate commands and forces necessary to carry out missions assigned to the command, including authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations, joint training, and logistics; (2) Prescribing the chain of command to the commands and forces within the command; (3) Organizing commands and forces within that command as he considers necessary to carry out missions assigned to the command; (4) Employing forces within that command as he considers necessary to carry out missions assigned to the command; (5) Assigning command functions to subordinate commanders; (6) Coordinating and approving those aspects of administration and support (including control of resources and equipment, internal organization, and training), and discipline necessary to carry out missions assigned to the command; and (7) Exercising the authority with respect to selecting subordinate commanders, selecting combatant command staff, suspending subordinates, and convening courts-martial, as provided in 10 U.S.C. (b) If a commander of a combatant command at any time considers his authority, direction, or control with respect to any of the commands or forces assigned to the command to be insufficient to command effectively, the commander shall promptly inform the Secretary of Defense. (c) Unless otherwise directed by the President or the Secretary of the Defense, Commanders of Unified and Specified Combatant Commands exercise authority over subordinate commanders as follows: (1) Commanders of commands and forces assigned to a unified or specified combatant command are under the authority, direction, and control of, and are responsible to, the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command on all matters for which the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command has been signed authority under § 386.5(a); as (2) The commander of a command or force referred to in §386.5(c)(1) shall communicate with other elements of the Department of Defense on any matter for which the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command has been assigned authority under §386.5(a) in accordance with procedures, if any, established by the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command; (3) Other elements of the Department of Defense shall communicate, with the commander of a command or force referred to in §386.5(c)(1) on any matter for which the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command has been assigned authority under §386.5(a) in accordance with procedures, if any, established by the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command; and (4) If directed by the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command, the commander of a command or force referred to in §386.5(c)(1) shall advise the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command of all communications to and from other elements of the Department of Defense on any matter for which the Commander of the Unified or Specified Combatant Command has not been assigned authority under § 386.5(a). §368.6 Functions of the Military Departments. (a) The chain of command for purposes other than the operational direction of unified and specified combatant commands runs from the President to the Secretary of Defense to the Secre- (b) Subject to the authority, direc- (4) Equipping (including research and development). (5) Training. (6) Servicing. (8) Demobilizing. (9) Administering (including the morale and welfare of personnel). (10) Maintaining. (11) The construction, outfitting, and repairs of military equipment. (12) The construction, maintenance, and repair of buildings, structures, and utilities; the acquisition, management and disposal; and the management of real property of natural resources. (c) Subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretaries of the Military Departments are responsible to the Secretary of Defense for the following activities of their respective Departments: (1) The functioning and efficiency of their Departments; (2) The formulation of policies and programs that are fully consistent with national security objectives and policies established by the President and the Secretary of Defense; tive, efficient, and economical adminis tration and to eliminate duplication; (6) The presentation and justification of the positions of their respective departments on the plans, programs, and policies of the Department of Defense; (7) The effective supervision and control of Military Department intelligence activities; and (8) Such other activities as may be prescribed by law or by the President or Secretary of Defense. (d) Common functions of the Military Departments. The functions of the Military Departments, under their respective Secretaries, are as follows: (1) To prepare forces and establish reserves of manpower, equipment, and supplies for the effective prosecution of war and military operations short of war and plan for the expansion of peacetime components to meet the needs of war. (2) To maintain in readiness mobile reserve forces, properly organized, trained, and equipped for employment in emergency. (3) To provide adequate, timely, and reliable intelligence and counterintelligence for the Military Department and other agencies as directed by competent authority. (4) To recruit, organize, train, and equip interoperable forces for assignment to unified and specified combatant commands. (5) To prepare and submit budgets for their respective departments; justify before the Congress budget requests as approved by the President; and administer the funds made available for maintaining, equipping, and training the forces of their respective departments, including those assigned to unified and specified combatant commands. The budget submissions to the Secretary of Defense by the Military Departments will be prepared on the basis, among other things, of the recommendations of CINCs and of Service component commanders of forces assigned to unified and specified combatant commands. (6) To conduct research; develop tactics, techniques, and organization; and develop and procure weapons, equipment, and supplies essential to the fulfillment of the functions assigned in this publication. equip, and maintain bases and other installations, including lines of communication, and to provide administrative and logistics support for all forces and bases, unless otherwise directed by the Secretary of Defense. (8) To provide, as directed, such forces, military missions, and detachments for service in foreign countries as may be required to support the national interests of the United States. (9) To assist in training and equipping the military forces of foreign nations. (10) To provide, as directed, administrative and logistic support to the headquarters of unified and specified combatant commands, to include direct support of the development and acquisition of the command and control systems of such headquarters. (11) To assist each other in the accomplishment of their respective functions, including the provisions of personnel, intelligence, training, facilities, equipment, supplies, and services. (12) To prepare and submit, in coordination with other Military Departments, mobilization information to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. (e) Common service functions. The Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps, under their respective Secretaries, are responsible for the following functions: (1) Determining Service force requirements and making recommendations concerning force requirements to support national security objectives and strategy and to meet the operational requirements of the unified and specified combatant commands. (2) Planning for the use of the intrinsic capabilities of resources of the other Services which may be made available. (3) Recommending to the Joint Chiefs of Staff the assignment and deployment of forces to unified and specified combatant commands established by the President through the Secretary of Defense. (4) Administering Service forces. (5) Providing logistic support for Service forces, including procurement, distribution, supply, equipment, and maintenance, unless otherwise directed by the Secretary of Defense. (6) Developing doctrines, procedures, tactics, and techniques employed by Service forces. (7) Conducting operational testing and evaluation. (8) Providing for training for joint operations and joint exercises in support of unified and specified combatant command operational requirements, including the following: (i) Development of Service training, doctrines, procedures, tactics, techniques, and methods of organization in accordance with policies and procedures established in Service publications. (ii) Development and preparation of Service publications to support the conduct of joint training. (iii) Determination of Service requirements to enhance the effectiveness of joint training. (iv) Support of that joint training directed by the Commanders of the Unified and Specified Combatant Commands and conduct of such additional joint training as is mutually agreed upon by the Services concerned. (9) Operating organic land vehicles, aircraft, and ships or craft. (10) Consulting and coordinating with with other Services on all matters of joint concern. (11) Participating with the other Services in the development of the doctrines, procedures, tactics, techniques, training, publications, and equipment for such joint operations as are the primary responsibility of one of the Services. (f) The forces developed and trained to perform the primary functions set forth hereafter shall be employed to support and supplement the other Military Service forces in carrying out their primary functions, where and whenever such participation shall result in increased effectiveness and shall contribute to the accomplishment of the overall military objectives. As for collateral functions, while the assignment of such functions may establish further justification for stated force requirements, such assignment shall not be used as the sole basis for establishing additional force require ments. §368.6 (1) Functions of the Department of the Army. (1) The Army, within the Department of the Army, includes land combat and service forces and any organic aviation and water transport assigned. The Army is responsible for the preparation of land forces necessary for the effective prosecution of war and military operations short of war, except as otherwise assigned and, in accordance with intergrated joint mobilization plans, for the expansion of the peacetime components of the Army to meet the needs of war. (ii) The primary functions of the Army are: (A) To organize, train, and equip forces for the conduct of prompt and sustained combat operations on landspecifically, forces to defeat enemy land forces and to seize, occupy, and defend land areas. (B) To organize, train, equip, and provide forces for appropriate air and missile defense and space control operations, including the provisions of forces as required for the strategic defense of the United States, in accordance with joint doctrines. (C) To organize, equip, and provide Army forces, in coordination with the other Military Services, for joint amphibious, airborne, and space operations and to provide for the training of such forces, in accordance with joint doctrines. Specifically, the Army will: (1) Develop, in coordination with the other Military Services, doctrines, tactics, techniques, and equipment of interest to the Army for amphibious operations and not provided for elsewhere. (2) Develop, in coordination with the other Military Services, the doctrines, procedures, and equipment employed by Army and Marine Corps forces in airborne operations. The Army will have primary responsibility for developing those airborne doctrines, procedures, and equipment that are of common interest to the Army and the Marine Corps. (3) Develop, in coordination with the other Military Services, doctrines, procedures and equipment employed by Army forces in the conduct of space operations. (D) To organize, train, equip, and provide forces for the support and conduct of special operations. (E) To provide equipment, forces procedures, and doctrine necessary for the effective prosecution of electronic warfare operations and, as directed, support of other forces. (F) To organize, train, equip, and provide forces for the support and conduct of psychological operations. (G) To provide forces for the occupation of territories abroad, including initial establishment of military government pending transfer of this responsibility to other authority. (H) To develop doctrines and procedures, in coordination with the other Military Services, for organizing, equipping, training, and employing forces operating on land, except that the development of doctrines and procedures for organizing, equipping, training, and employing Marine Corps units for amphibious operations will be a function of the Marine Corps coordinating, as required, with the other Military Services. (I) To organize, train, equip, and provide forces, as directed, to operate land lines of communication. (J) To conduct the following activities: (1) Functions relating to the management and operation of the Panama Canal, as assigned by the Secretary or Deputy Secretary of Defense. (2) The authorized civil works program, including projects for improvement of navigation, flood control, beach erosion control, and other water resource developments in the United States, its territories, and its possessions. (3) Certain other civil activities prescribed by law. (iii) A collateral function of the Army is to train forces to interdict enemy sea and air power and communications through operations on or from land. (iv) Army responsibilities in support of space operations include the following: (A) Organizing, training, equipping, and providing Army forces to support space operations. (B) Developing in coordination with the other Military Services, tactics, |