lifhed in all the territories, countries, and dominions of each party wherefoever, that no one fhall in any wife ufe fuch commiffions or letters of reprifal, under the fevereft punishment that can be inflicted on the tranfgreffors, befides being liable to make full reftitution and fatisfaction to thofe to whom they have done any damage; neither fhall any letters of reprifal be hereafter granted by either of the faid high contracting parties, to the prejudice or detriment of the fubjects of the other, except only in fuch cafe wherein juffice is denied or delayed; which denial or delay of juftice shall not be regarded as verified, unless the petitions of the perfon, who defires the faid letters of reprifal, be communicated to the minifter refiding there on the part of the prince against whole fubjects they are not to be granted, that within the space of four months, or fooner, if it be poffible, he may manifeft the contrary, or procure the fatisfaction which may be justly due.

Art. IV. The fubjects and inhabitants of the refpective dominions of the two fovereigns fhall have liberty, freely and fecurely, without licence or paflport, general or fpecial, by land or by fea, or any other way, to enter into the kingdoms, dominions, provinces, countries, iflands, cities, villages, towns,walled or unwalled, fortified or unfortified, ports, or territories whatfoever, of either fovereign, fituated in Europe, and to return from thence, to remain there, or to pass through the fame, and therein to buy and purchafe, as they pleafe, all things ne-, ceffary for their fubfiftence and ufe, and they hall mutually be treated with all kindness and favour. Provided, however, that in all these

matters, they behave and conduct themfelves conformably to the laws and fatutes, and live with each other in a friendly and peaceable manner, and promote a reciprocal concord by maintaining a mutual and good understanding.

Art. V. The fubjects of each of their faid majefties may have leave and licence to come with their fhips, as alfo with the merchandizes and goods on board the fame, the trade and importation whereof are not prohibited by the laws of either kingdom, and to enter into the countries, dominions, cities, ports, places, and rivers of either party, fituated in Europe, to refort thereto, and to remain and refide there, without any limitation of time; also to hire houfes, or to lodge with other perfons, and to buy all lawful kinds of merchandizes, where they think fit, either from the first maker or the feller, or in any other manner, whether in the public market for the fale of merchandizes, or in fairs,

or wherever fuch merchandizes are manufactured or fold. They may likewife depofit and keep in their magazines and warehoufes the merchandizes brought from other parts, and afterwards expofe the fame to fale, without being in any wife obliged, unleis willingly and of their own accord, to bring the faid merchandizes to the marts and fairs. Neither are they to be burthened with any impofitions or duties on account of the faid freedom of trade, or for any other caufe whatfoever, except thofe which are to be paid for their fhips and merchandizes, conformably to the regulations of the prefent treaty, or thofe to which the fubjects of the two contracting parties fhall themfelves be liable. And they fhall have free leave to re

move themselves, as alfo their wives, children, and fervants, together with their merchandizes, property, goods, or effects, whether bought or imported, wherever they hall think fit, out of either kingdom, by land and by fea, on the rivers and fresh waters, after discharging the ufual duties; any law, privilege, grant, immunities, or customs, to the contrary thereof in any wife notwithftanding. In matters of religion, the fubjects of the two crowns fhall enjoy perfect liberty. They fhall not be compelled to attend divine fervice, whether in the churches or elsewhere; but, on the contrary, they fhall be permitted, without any moleftation, to perform the exercises of their religion privately in their own houses, and in their own way. Liberty fhall not be refufed to bury the fubjects of either kingdom who die in the territories of the other, in convenient places to be appointed for that purpofe; nor fhall the funerals or fepulchres of the deceafed be in any wife difturbed. The laws and ftatutes of each kingdom fhall remain in full force and vigour, and fhall be duly put in execution, whether they relate to commerce and navigation, or to any other right, thofe cafes only excepted, concerning which it is otherwise determined in the articles of this prefent treaty.

Art. VI. The two high contracting parties have thought proper to fettle the duties on certain goods and merchandizes, in order to fix invariably the footing on which the trade therein fhall be eftablished between the two nations. In confequence of which they have agreed upon the following tariff, viz.

ift. The wines of France, imported directly from France into

Great Britain, fhall, in no cafe, pay any higher duties than thofe which the wines of Portugal now pay.

The wines of France, imported directly from France into Ireland, fhall pay no higher duties than those which they now pay.

2d. The vinegars of France, inftead of fixty-feven pounds five fhillings and three pence and twelve twentieths of a penny fterling, per ton, which they now pay, fhall not for the future pay, in Great Britain, any higher duties than thirty-two pounds eighteen fhillings and ten pence and fixteen twentieths of a penny sterling, per

ton.

pence

3d. The brandies of France, inftead of nine fhillings and fix and twelve twentieths of a penny fterling, fhall for the future pay, in Great Britain, only feven fhil. lings fterling per gallon, making four quarts, English measure.

4th. Oil of olives, coming directly from France, fhall, for the future, pay no higher duties than are now paid for the fame from the most favoured nations.

5th. Beer fhall pay reciprocally a duty of thirty per cent. ad valorem.

6th. The duties on hardware, cutlery, cabinet ware, and turnery, and alfo all works, both heavy and light, of iron, fteel, copper, and brass, fhall be claffed; and the highest duty fhall not exceed ten per cent. ad valorem.

7th. All forts of cottons manufactured in the dominions of the two fovereigns in Europe, and alfo woollens, whether knit or wove, including hofiery, fhall pay, in both countries, an import duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem; all manufactures

of

of cotton or wool, mixed with filk excepted, which fhall remain prohibited on both fides.

8th. Cambricks and lawns fhall pay, in both countries, an import duty of five fhillings, or fix livres Tournois, per demi piece of feven yards and three quarters, English measure; and linens, made of flax or hemp, manufactured in the dominions of the two fovereigns in Europe, fhall pay no higher duties, either in Great Britain or France, than linens manufactured in Holland or Flanders, imported into Great Britain, now pay.

And linen made of flax or hemp, manufactured in Ireland or France, fhall reciprocally pay no higher duties than linens manufactured in Holland, imported into Ireland,

now pay.

9th. Sadlery fhall reciprocally pay an import duty of fifteen per cent. ad valorem.

10th. Gauzes of all forts fhall reciprocally pay ten per cent. ad valorem.

11th. Millinery made up of muflin, lawn, cambrick, or gauze of every kind, or of any other article admitted under the prefent tariff, fhall pay reciprocally a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem and if any articles shall be used therein, which are not specified in the tariff, they shall pay no higher duties than thofe paid for the fame articles by the most favoured nations.

12th. Porcelain, earthen-ware, and pottery, fhall pay reciprocally twelve per cent, ad valorem.

13th. Plate-glafs and glafs ware in general shall be admitted, on each fide, paying a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem.

His Britannic majefty referves the right of countervailing, by additional

duties on the undermentioned merchandizes, the internal duties actually imposed upon the manufactures, or the import duties which are charged on the raw materials; namely, on all linens or cottons, ftained or printed, on beer, glafs ware, plate glafs, and iron.

And his Moft Chriftian majefty also reserves the right of doing the fame, with regard to the following merchandizes; namely, cottons, iron, and beer.

And for the better fecuring the due collection of the duties payable ad valorem, which are fpecified in the above tariff, the faid contracting parties will concert with each other as well the form of the declarations to be made, as alfo the proper means of preventing fraud with refpect to the real value of the faid goods and merchandizes.

But if it fhall hereafter appear, that any mistakes have inadvertently been made in the above tariff, contrary to the principles on which it is founded, the two fovereigns will concert with good faith upon the means of rectifying them.

Art. VII. The duties above fpecified are not to be altered but by mutual confent; and the merchandizes not above specified fhall pay, in the dominions of the two fovereigns, the import and export duties payable in each of the laid dominions by the most favoured European nations, at the time the prefent treaty bears date; and the fhips belonging to the fubjects of the faid dominions fhall alfo refpectively enjoy therein all the privileges and advantages which are granted to those of the most favoured European

nations.

And it being the intention of the two high contracting parties, that

their respective subjects should be in the dominions of each other upon a footing as advantageous as thofe of other European nations, they agree, that in cafe they fhall hereafter grant any additional advantages in navigation or trade to any other European nations, they will reciprocally allow their faid fubjects to participate therein; without prejudice, however, to the advantages which they referve, viz. France in favour of Spain, in confequence of the 24th article of the Family Compact, figned the 10th of May, 1761, and England according to what she has practifed in conformity to, and in confequence of the convention of 1703, between England and Portugal.

And to the end that every perfon may know, with certainty, the ftate of the aforefaid impofts, cuftoms, import and export duties, whatever they may be, it is agreed, that tariffs, indicating the impofts, customs, and established duties, fhall be affixed in public places, as well in Rouen and the other trading cities of France, as in London and the other trading cities under the dominion of the king of Great Britain, that recourfe may be had to them whenever any difference fhall arife concerning fuch impofts, cuftoms, and duties, which fhall not be levied otherwife than in conformity to what is clearly expreffed in the faid tariffs, and according to their natural conftruction. And if any officer, or other perfon in his name, fhall, under any pretence, publicly or privately, directly or indirectly, demand or take of a merchant, or of any other perfon, any fum of money, or any thing elfe, on account of duties, impoft, fearch, or compenfation, although

it be under the name of a free gift, or under any other pretence, more or otherwife than what is above prefcribed; in fuch cafe the faid officer, or his deputy, if he be accufed and convicted of the fame before a competent judge, in the place where the crime was committed, fhall give full fatisfaction to the injured party, and fhall likewife fuffer the penalty prefcribed by the laws.

Art. VIII. No merchandize exported from the countries refpectively under the dominion of their majefties, fhall hereafter be fubject to be infpected or confifcated, under any pretence of fraud or defect in making or working them, or of any other imperfection whatsoever; but abfolute freedom fhall be allowed to the buyer and feller to bargain and fix the price for the fame, as they fhall fee good; any law, ftatute, edict, proclamation, privilege, grant, or custom to the contrary notwith ftanding.

Art. IX. Whereas feveral kinds of merchandizes, which are ufually contained in casks, chefts, or other cafes, and for which the duties are paid by weight, will be exported from and imported into France by British fubjects; it is agreed, that in fuch cafe, the aforefaid duties fhall be demanded only according to the real weight of the merchandizes; and the weight of the cafks, chefts, and other cafes whatever, fhall be deducted, in the fame manner as has been, and is now practifed in England.

Art. X. It is further agreed, that if any mistake or error shall be committed by any mafter of a fhip, his interpreter or factor, or by any other employed by him, in making the entry or declaration of her cargo, neither, the hip nor the cargo

hall